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Tag: "machine" at biology news

One species, many genomes

...signed statistical methods, including a variant of machine learning. The result of this painstaking analysis: on average, every 180th DNA building block is variable. And about four percent of the reference genome either looks very different in the wild varieties, or cannot be found at all. Almost every ten...

Envisat captures first image of Sargassum from space

... complex tasks beyond the capabilities of a single machine or local network. By using Grid technology, Gower and King intend to compute 5-years worth of MERIS data to determine global estimates of Sargassum biomass and its contribution to ocean productivity. "So far, we have found two things (Sargassum a...

Machine preservation may promote more organ sharing

... matching of donor organs and recipients. While machine preservation, or pulsatile perfusion, is not new, ...o compare the two methods of preservation. With machine preservation, donated organs are connected to a portable pump to maintain a constant flow of a speci...

Sleepless for science: Flies show link between sleep, immune system in Stanford study

...srupt the flies' sleep. Schneider tried building a machine that jostled the flies randomly. "All it was really good at doing was throwing the tubes around the room," said Schneider. "Also it was too regular, the flies got used to it so they could nap." Another option was to keep the flies in continuous li...

Dinosaur hearing, listening to muscle noise, quieter cubicles

...tem takes into account known properties of the MRI machine sound and counteracts them. When tested with human listeners, the system reduced noise levels and improved audibility conditions for sounds, without interfering with the MRI's scanner's image quality (4pPP16). TURNING VOICE LESSONS INTO A SCIENC...

Spreading viruses as we breathe

..." As part of the study QUT designed and built a machine to measure the distance a droplet travels in the air prior to drying. "This droplet could potentially be carrying a virus," she said. "The significant part of our research has found that rather than the droplet falling directly to the ground af...

Woven scaffolds could improve cartilage repair

Using a unique weaving machine of their design, Duke University Medical Center re...endicularly to another set of fibers. However, the machine that Moutos developed adds a third set of fibers, which creates a three-dimensional product. Also, s...

Meeting the ethanol challenge: Scientists use supercomputer to target cellulose bottleneck

...cate dance in which the enzyme acts as a molecular machine -- attaching to bundles of cellulose, pulling up a single strand of sugar, and putting it onto a molecular conveyor belt where it is chopped into smaller sugar pieces. "By learning how the cellulase enzyme complex breaks down cellulose we can dev...

Scientists reveal structure of gateways to gene control

...t, the team used a state-of-the-art DNA-sequencing machine to identify, or "read," the sequence of base-pair building blocks along the DNA of each of the H2A.Z nucleosomes. The scientists then pinpointed the original location of the H2A.Z nucleosomes by matching the sequence of each one with the identical s...

Protein averts cell suicide but might contribute to cancer

...e half steps ?is missing. When the DNA replication machine encounters the gap, it stalls. If the standstill continues, the cell will self-destruct. It's at this point when Dpo4 jumps in. It adds a base opposite the gap and then leaves, allowing the DNA-making machinery to bypass the damage and continue c...

Mysterious 'neural noise' actually primes brain for peak performance

... their circuits, and yet here's the best computing machine in the universe--and it looks utterly random," say...is is the coming revolution," says Pouget. "It hit machine learning and cognitive science, and I think it's just hitting neuroscience. In 10 or 20 years, I thi...

Fast test for low blood flow in dogs detects early heart trouble

...ilable in North America since February 2005. Each machine costs between $1.5 million and $2 million. A single test costs approximately $700. ...

New system could drastically reduce herbicide use

...two small cameras mounted on a frame on top of the machine to give the robot depth perception, just like a hu...tified, a robotic arm attached to the front of the machine engages a device the researcher calls "a custom-designed end effector." There are two layers to t...

Biologists probe the machinery of cellular protein factories

... in action." The ribosome is a complex molecular machine made up of proteins and RNA molecules. The bacteri... The results provide a snapshot of the molecular machine in action. By comparing his images with those obtained by other groups that have caught the ribosome...

Nanotech tools yield DNA transcription breakthrough

...genes. Transcription is carried out by a molecular machine known as RNA polymerase, which synthesizes an RNA ...ine for the first time the mechanisms by which the machine begins synthesis of RNA and then breaks free from its initial binding site to move along DNA to cont...

Emotional control circuit of brain's fear response discovered

...n of an attention control test, and a neuroimaging machine that enables analysis of function in the brain. Published in the Sept. 21, 2006 issue of Neuron, the research is a continuation of work led by senior author Joy Hirsch, Ph.D., professor of neuroradiology and psychology, and director of the fMRI Res...

How nature tinkers with the cellular clock

...re made only at specific times to ensure that each machine is active only during the right phase of the cycle. Comparing cell cycle genes that are conserved between humans, yeasts and thale cress, Peer Bork and colleagues at EMBL and DTU found that while many genes in each organism are expressed only at spe...

With record resolution and sensitivity, tool images how life organizes in a cell membrane

...LLNL), who provided access to the state-of-the-art machine used in the experiments. That machine is a highly specialized mass spectrometer, which analyzes the mass of small molecular ions formed wh...

Research offers new hope for preterm babies

A new machine ?the only one of its kind in Australia - is helpin...nges in brain oxygen levels continuously. With the machine we were using up until now, there was a high risk we were missing some of the minute fluctuations th...

Methane-belching bugs inspire a new theory of the origin of life on Earth

... their energy indirectly, from yet another protein machine that pumps an osmotic imbalance across the membrane. "It's difficult to imagine that something so complex could have emerged all at once," Ferry says, as the chemoautotrophic theory requires. The acetate-producing species appears to be the direct de...

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