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Tag: "lungs" at biology news

How 'memory' T cells curb the spread of viruses throughout the body

...irus entered the body (most commonly the skin, the lungs or the gut). This process of lymphocyte multiplication and migration may take several days while viruses multiply and spread quicker. Sigal’s work shows the CD8 T cells can protect from viral disease without the need to migrate from the lymph nodes...

Smoking rate has plummeted in New York City

...lly depicted tobacco smoke’s effects on the brain, lungs and arteries, showing testimonials from sick and dying smokers and their children, including former smoker Ronaldo Martinez, who now breaths through a hole in his throat as a result of smoking-related cancer. In a separate recent survey, nine out of ...

Avian influenza survivors' antibodies effective at neutralising H5N1 strain

...ced significantly the amount of virus found in the lungs and almost completely prevented the virus reaching the brain or spleen. In those people in Vietnam who died from the H5N1 strain, the virus was found to have spread from the lungs; this was not the case in those who survived. "We have shown that t...

Gene expression patterns predict rapid decline in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients

... expressed genes between the groups. Specifically, lungs of rapid progressors, who were predominantly males who smoked, overexpressed genes involved in the development of tissues and organs (morphogenesis), oxidative stress, cell migration and proliferation and genes from fibroblasts and smooth muscle cell...

'Virtual Patient' to simulate real-time organ motions for radiation therapy

... develop the algorithms that will make the virtual lungs and adjacent tissues move in real time according to realistic tissue biomechanical properties, De said. Xu expects that the physics-based 4-D VIP-Man will eventually be used as an even more general anatomical modeling tool for the biomedical commu...

Peramivir protects mice from lethal H5N1 infection

...t completely inhibit H5N1 virus replication in the lungs and spleen, but did decrease the spread of virus to the brain. "Peramivir should be given as soon as H5N1 infection is suspected, since onset of symptoms in infected humans can be delayed," said David A. Boltz, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow in the...

Anthrax paralyzes immune cells with lethal toxin, UF research shows

...lational anthrax often suffer hemorrhages in their lungs and lymph nodes. "No one understands why, and it could very well be due to paralysis of platelets." During and Southwick are currently looking for additional proteins targeted by anthrax. They hope to develop a diagnostic blood test that detects the ...

Percutaneous aortic valve replacement safe, successful in high-risk patients

...he body. The result is a back-up of fluid into the lungs and severe shortness of breath with even minimal activity. With the CoreValve system, aortic valve replacement is performed by threading a special delivery catheter through the femoral artery in the groin and into the aorta in a direction opposite...

Dealing deadly cancers a knockout punch

... For patients with deadly soft tissue sarcoma, the lungs are the most common site of metastatic disease. To date, surgery has been the only effective therapy for metastatic sarcoma. The multi-center, Phase II study follows successful completion of systemic administration trials with Reolysin in the U.K....

Natural antibiotics yield secrets to atom-level imaging technique

Frog skin and human lungs hold secrets to developing new antibiotics, and a technique called solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a key to unlocking those secrets. That's the view of University of Michigan researcher Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy, who will discuss his group's progress ...

Helium helps patients breathe easier

... average of 245 per cent. COPD is a disease of the lungs caused by smoking and includes the conditions of e...ulty breathing out and often air is trapped in the lungs at the end of each breath; this has been shown to be one of the primary reasons for the shortness of...

Type of stem cell found to reside in transplanted lungs

... new study involving a type of stem cells from the lungs of transplant patients demonstrates for the first time that these progenitor cells reside in adult organs and are not derived from bone marrow, which leads to the possibility that the cells may be able to help with the rejection of donated organs and...

Antifungal drug kills TB bug

...osis, or TB, is a highly contagious disease of the lungs that was thought to have been virtually eliminated by the 1960s, but is now resurgent and kills nearly two million people worldwide every year. New infections are occurring at a rate of one per second. Of equal concern is the dramatic rise in the ...

Study to explore using magnets to correct 'sunken chest'

...can reduce blood flow to the heart and prevent the lungs from expanding completely, restricting the ability to exercise, according to Harrison. Some patients also suffer serious emotional difficulties and low self-esteem, especially since sunken chest often worsens during adolescence when children are sel...

Trojan horse strategy defeats drug-resistant bacteria

...hat occur in wounds, on medical devices and in the lungs of people with cystic fibrosis. For these reasons, a great deal of research is focused on finding new antibiotic compounds. In this study, researchers took a different approach. Rather than trying to find agents that best killed bacteria in test ...

Penn study on lung-infecting bacterial enzyme suggests new approach to cystic fibrosis treatment

...ed sphingomyelinase (SMase), disables a protein in lungs called CFTR, for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. SMase is made by the bacteria that cause pneumonia, some anthrax-causing bacteria, and bacteria that cause opportunistic infections in CF and AIDS patients. In healthy lungs, CF...

Study uncovers a lethal secret of 1918 influenza virus

...n - unleashes an immune response that destroys the lungs in a matter of days, leading to death. The find...As immune cells attack the respiratory system, the lungs fill with fluid and victims, in essence, drown. The mechanisms that contribute to the lethality of t...

Key found to kill cystic fibrosis superbug

...stic fibrosis (CF), an inherited disease where the lungs become clogged with thick mucus, often leading to chronic respiratory infections. The team of researchers has identified a weakness in the armour that protects the B. cenocepacia bacterium from the effects of antibiotics. They hypothesize that pr...

Bacteria from patient's dental plaque causes ventilator-associated pneumonia

... and placed on ventilators were found later in the lungs from those who subsequently developed pneumonia. "Our study shows that a strong relationship exists between oral and respiratory pathogens in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia," said Paul Heo, D.D.S., a doctoral student in the UB dent...

Salamanders suffer delayed effects of common herbicide

...-dwelling salamanders lose their gills and develop lungs that enable them to breathe in air. Scientists then tracked their survival to near reproductive age. Results from the study, which lasted about 500 days, indicated that the two highest concentrations increased salamander mortality during exposure...

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