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Tag: "limb" at biology news

Old memory traces in brain may trigger chronic pain

...the drug. (The rats had chronic pain from a healed limb injury.) The results indicated the animals’ emotional suffering decreased much more than their physical pain. While the physical pain appeared to be reduced 30 percent – their emotional suffering completely disappeared. Rat are nocturnal animals...

Reconstructing the biology of extinct species: A new approach

... that is completely independent of analysis of the limb structure. For the first time, we can test our previous conclusions using a new source of information." ...

Vaccine prevents prion disease in mice

...h prions. The disease causes dementia and abnormal limb movements. Prion is a protein that is also an infectious agent. The proteins are so similar to proteins found normally that the immune system does not fight them off. To develop a vaccine that would stimulate the mice's immune system, researchers...

Gene found for rare disorder may reveal new pathway in mental retardation

...th less pronounced facial features and none of the limb defects, such as missing hands or fingers, that ar...ad some degree of mental retardation, but none had limb abnormalities. Five of the 11 patients had normal height, whereas only 5 percent of patients with cl...

Robotic exoskeleton replaces muscle work

...earer's own nervous system could help users regain limb function, which is encouraging news for people wit...ilitative devices are worn by patients so that the limb is moved by the brace, which receives its instructions from a computer. Such devices use repetition ...

Paleontologists discover new mammal from Mesozoic Era

...trast to its relatively shorter and very primitive limb and foot structures. The new mammal also has lumbar ribs, a rare feature among modern mammals. "The discoveries of exquisitely preserved Mesozoic mammals from China have built the evidence such that biologists and paleontologists are able to make ...

Scientists identify specific enzymes that make meningitis hard to fight

... - sometimes resulting in extreme measures such as limb amputation. When the meningitis bacteria enter the bloodstream, the body's natural defences send white blood cells to fight the infection. They ingest the bacteria and subject them to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress damages the base chemical c...

On automatic pilot

...nvestigated how it mediates in the control of hind limb muscles. Such research might in future provide a better understanding of how the elderly move. Pijpers and her colleagues investigated which processes took place inside and outside of the cerebellum: how does it channel information and process this...

Newts which regrow their hearts

When a newt loses a limb, the limb regrows. What is more, a newt can also completely repair damage to its heart. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research in Bad Nauheim have now started to decode the cellular mechanisms in this impressive ability to regenerat...

Pressured by predators, lizards see rapid shift in natural selection

...al in the direction of natural selection acting on limb length in a population of lizards." Losos and colleagues studied populations of the lizard Anolis sagrei on minuscule islands, or cays, in the Bahamas. They introduced to six of these cays a larger, predatory lizard (Leiocephalus carinatus) common...

Electronic chip, interacting with the brain, modifies pathways for controlling movement

...ve studied how the brains of monkeys control their limb muscles. When awake, the brain continuously governs the body's voluntary movements. This is largely done through the activity of nerve cells in the part of the brain called the motor cortex. These nerve cells, or neurons, send signals down to the s...

Gene therapy injected into the brains' of mice with Huntington's disease

...mally decreased mobility and motor function), hind limb clasping behaviors and muscle weakness. One cont...ther mice. These mice also showed diminished hind limb clasping, (a simulation of motor control behavior in HD patients). Perhaps most importantly, gene d...

Brain-computer link lets paralyzed patients convert thoughts into actions

...the fingers of a prosthetic hand and use a robotic limb to grasp and move objects. Despite a decline in ne...tics, "hold promise to one day be able to activate limb muscles with these brain signals, effectively restoring brain-to-muscle control via a physical nervo...

Some people would give life or limb not to be fat

...rcent, respectively, said they would rather lose a limb or be blind than be overweight. "We were surprised by the sheer number of people who reported they would be willing to make major sacrifices to avoid being obese. It drives home the message that weight bias is powerful and pervasive," said Marlene ...

How ancient whales lost their legs, got sleek and conquered the oceans

... they kept the same number and arrangement of hind limb bones as their terrestrial ancestors." In finding...etal period. However, the actual loss of the hind limb occurred much further along in the evolutionary process, when a drastic change occurred to inactivat...

Neurons grown from embryonic stem cells restore function in paralyzed rats

...nd an approximately 50 percent improvement in hind limb grip strength by 4 months after transplantation. In contrast, none of the rats given other combinations of treatments recovered lost function. "We found that we needed a combination of all of the treatments in order to restore function," Dr. Kerr sa...

UF scientists discover evolutionary origin of fins, limbs

...volutionary innovation toward fin - and eventually limb - locomotion, Cohn said. The earliest fishes lacke...owing that many of these genes are responsible for limb defects in humans is intriguing," Cohn said. "What we've done is identify where those developmental ...

Epidemic of unneeded amputations

...r than exploring medical advances that can prevent limb loss," said Dr. Craig Walker, of the Cardiovascula...e are approximately 1.8 million people living with limb loss," Walker said, citing National Limb Loss Amputation Center statistics. "A good portion of these...

Trial success for diabetic nerve therapy

...prevented tissue damage that in humans can lead to limb loss." An estimated 50 per cent of patients with long-term diabetes develop some form of neuropathy that can cause numbness and sometimes pain and weakness in the hands, arms, feet and legs. Progression to amputation is not inevitable, but it is al...

How the octopus forms an elbow

...opus arm acts much like a three-jointed vertebrate limb when the octopus performs precise point-to-point movements. Researchers have now illuminated how octopus arms are able to form joint-like structures, and how the movements of these joints are controlled. The new findings, which appear in the April 1...

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