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Scientists discover how Ebola virus infects cells

...s infectivity, the scientists found. Ebola virus, like the Marburg virus now alarming Angola, is a filovirus, a family of viruses that cause severe and frequently fatal hemorrhagic fevers. "Finding medical countermeasures for viral hemorrhagic fevers is a global public health priority because not only do...

Brain May Be Less Plastic Than Hoped

...the primary visual cortex did not achieve anything like normal responsivity.?/p> To arrive at this conclusion, Smirnakis and his group first photocoagulated the retinas of four monkeys with a laser, creating small blind spots on the same sides of the field of vision. The retina sends signals that the ...

Master gene controls healing of skin in fruit flies and mammals

...he injury." In its study, Jane's team found that, like their fruit fly counterparts, mice lacking grainyhead have a much more permeable skin than normal mice and have deficient wound repair. Both groups point out in their papers that it is interesting that the regulatory mechanisms for development and re...

Changing ecosystems throw scientists mega-challenges

... quality of freshwater for sustaining all forms of like is a growing challenge. " Integrated, multidisciplinary, and multi-scale, water-related research is necessary for meeting the challenge." The authors recommend that NSF focus on water as a unifying theme for research and complex environmental system...

Doing a spin with DNA

...lows: The enzyme surrounds the double-stranded DNA like a clamp and then temporarily cuts through one of the two DNA strands. The accumulated torsional forces in the DNA are then spun out around the intact strand. After a number of turns the topoisomerase ones again firmly grabs the spinning DNA and 'glue...

Stanford gut check shows diversity of intestinal ecosystem

...rsity within the archaea, microbes that look a lot like bacteria but are genetically and biochemically as different from bacteria as bacteria are from humans. The team also used the samples to examine how microbial communities differ among locations within the intestine as well as among different people....

Finding hidden invaders in a Hawaiian rain forest

...tems, not just the presence of an invader. Islands like Hawaii are vulnerable to biological invasion; new species can wreak havoc very quickly. The fact that the new techniques allowed the scientists to detect an invader before it dominated the landscape is important to future management strategies. As a ...

Low oxygen likely made Great Dying worse, greatly delayed recovery

...16 percent, breathing at sea level would have been like trying to breathe at the summit of a 9,200-foot mo...ed oxygen demand and a reduced supply. It would be like forcing athletes to exercise more but giving them less food. They'd be in trouble." Ward was lead a...

Scientists reveal the shape of a protein that helps retroviruses break into cells

...16 percent, breathing at sea level would have been like trying to breathe at the summit of a 9,200-foot mo...ed oxygen demand and a reduced supply. It would be like forcing athletes to exercise more but giving them less food. They'd be in trouble." Ward was lead a...

Scripps scientists find potential for catastrophic shifts in Pacific ecosystems

... but opposite change in temperature. That is, much like a financial market that takes much longer to recover than to crash, an ecosystem that is perturbed into an irreversible shift (e.g., by overfishing) may never be the same afterwards. Finding linear dynamics in the physics and nonlinear dynamics in t...

Discovery clarifies role of peptide in biological clock

...ythms in slave cells. "VIP between SCN neurons is like a rubber band between the pendulums of two grandfather clocks, helping to synchronize their timing. Some researchers had proposed that knocking out VIP or the receptor for it stopped the clock," Herzog said. "We've found that the biological clock is ...

Gene keeps neural cells on correct developmental path

...n which stem cells remain plastic. "This paper is like a whole story, beginning with the birth of a neuron and ending with the death of REST," Mandel said. ...

A New Species of Monkey is Discovered in Tanzania: The First in Africa for More Than 20 Years

...t there is hope in protecting not only wild places like Tanzania’s Southern Highlands, but the wonder and mystery they contain." Meanwhile, WCS continues its conservation work in the Southern Highlands, while CI and independently funded researchers continue to support conservation efforts in the Udzungwa...

Stealth Worms May Improve Insect Pest Control

...and other crops, rather than on high-acreage crops like cotton and soybeans. "The beauty of this is that in the last 20 years nematodes have been formulated and commercialized," Stock says. "They are more expensive than a chemical product, but so far they have been demonstrated not to harm humans, livest...

Retrovirus struck ancestors of chimpanzees and gorillas millions of years ago, but did not affect ancestral humans

...'t affect the ancestors of humans or of Asian apes like orangutans and gibbons. The infections took place independently, and did not originate in a common ancestor of humans and apes. The event also took place between three and four million years ago, well after the separation of humans from apes. That sp...

Nature provides inspiration for important new adhesive

...these amino acids to soy protein, and make it work like a mussel-protein adhesive. Then they began to develop other strong and water-resistant wood adhesives from renewable natural materials using mussel protein as a model. The research work has resulted in 11 papers in journals such as Macromolecular Rap...

Molecular thermometers on skin cells detect heat and camphor

The human brain is like a general in a bunker. Floating in its bubble of c...f sensory neurons that connect the brain to organs like the eye, ear, nose, and mouth. In recent years, biologists and neuroscientists have been trying to ...

To Stop Evolution: New Way Of Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Demonstrated By Scripps Scientists

...ates associated with DNA replication. Some cells, like bacteria subjected to antibiotics, seem to acquire...biotic Resistance One thing that scientists would like to change about bacteria and cancer cells is their changeability. At the dawn of the 20th century, ...

Hydrogen and methane provide raw energy for life at 'Lost City'

...ause some emit hot, mineral-laden fluid that looks like dark, billowing smoke when it hits the icy cold se..., who was chief scientist on the expedition, which like the 2000 voyage was funded by the National Science Foundation. Other large organisms include crabs, ...

Structure-building cell signals also may influence learning and memory

...urotransmitters, fat molecules, and foreign bodies like viruses and toxins, from the external environment thus enabling the cell to store, transport or eliminate these materials. Synaptojanin-1 enables endocytosis when it disassembles a molecular coating on storage vesicles, which allows the cell to cont...

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