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Tag: "light" at biology news

Researchers develop technologies to devour food pathogens

...m determines the type of bacteria by analyzing how light is refracted-a unique "scatter pattern." Bhunia has shown his technology is capable of recognizing Listeria monocytogenes, a microbial pathogen that is the leading cause of food-borne illness. The pathogen has a high mortality rate-one in five-and ...

Archerfish tune their shots to universal properties of prey adhesion

...ion in the archerfish's hunting strategy that shed light on how this impressive predatory behavior has evolved. The findings are reported by Thomas Schlegel, Christine Schmid, and Stefan Schuster of the Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg in Erlangen, Germany, and appear in the October 10th issue of the journal ...

Detailed 3-D image catches a key regulator of neural stem cell differentiation in action

...ngs from its globular structure, like a chain on a light fixture. Enzymes called kinases turn the "light" on by adding small phosphate chemical groups - giving RNA polymerase the go-ahead to transcribe genes - while removal of those phosphates by phosphatases like Scp1 turns out the light, effectively ...

Carnegie Mellon scientists use 'green' approach to transform plastics manufacturing

...nvironments, such as changes in pressure, acidity, light exposure and other variables. ATRP is being licensed to several companies that have already begun commercial production in the United States, Europe and Japan. But Matyjaszewski says large-scale production of polymers by ATRP has been limited beca...

Scientist's persistence sheds light on marine science riddle

...is meticulous record-keeping would eventually shed light on a 40-year-old evolutionary debate. The debate involves the mechanism underlying the island rule: that small animals isolated on islands evolve to be larger than their mainland relatives, and large animals evolve to be smaller. In a paper to be p...

Plants give up answers in the war on bacteria

...wood, a graduate student, in He's laboratory, shed light on the behavior of one the plant's first lines of defense against disease. Pores called stomata are like tiny mouths that open and close during photosynthesis, exchanging gases. In sunshine, the stomata open. In darkness, they close to conserve water...

Nanoscale microscope sheds first light on gene repair

...t time, scientists using the world's most powerful light microscope (the only one of its kind in the Ameri...but it has limited resolution. By manipulating how light waves behave, however, biophysicists are expanding the limits of light microscopy, and one of the la...

University of Iowa scientists explore function of 'junk DNA'

...iology known as functional genomics and sheds more light on the mysterious, so-called "junk DNA" that makes up the majority of the human genome. The team, led by Beverly Davidson, Ph.D., a Roy J. Carver Biomedical Research Chair in Internal Medicine and UI professor of internal medicine, physiology and bi...

Finding an answer to Darwin's Dilemma

...wball" glaciers. New findings reported today shed light on why, after three billion years of mostly single-celled evolution, these large animals suddenly appeared in the fossil record. In a paper published on-line in Science Express, Dr. Narbonne’s team argues that a huge increase in oxygen following ...

Embryonic patterning makes the feathers fly

...ttern formation. This kind of basic work can throw light on health problems like developmental disorders, on questions in evolutionary biology, and on new biotech possibilities including tissue engineering....

Sandia researchers discover way to see how a drug attaches to a cell

..., after allowing the drug to bind to a cell, using light to grow a nanometer-sized particle. The nanoparticles can then be imaged with electron microscopy to reveal the location of the drug receptor molecules on the cell," Shelnutt says. "This type of nanotagging technique might be used in non-biological a...

Pourquié lab identifies genes involved in formation of vertebral precursors

...hat identifies a network of cyclic genes that shed light on the molecular basis of spine formation in the e...rlies the clock oscillator. "Our findings shed light on a fundamental aspect of the architecture of the spine by demonstrating the implication of a large...

Nanoparticle assembly enters the fast lane

...s with multiple imaging techniques, using beams of light and electrons as well as high-intensity x-rays at Brookhaven's National Synchrotron Light Source. The scientists look to further improve the controllability of the system, focusing next on the size of the nanoparticle clusters. ...

Geneticists discover genes that make fruit fly hybrids sterile

... male offspring. The finding may eventually shed light on what causes lethality or sterility in hybrids in general and, in a larger sense, offers clues to how species evolve from common ancestors. The research, published in the Nov. 24 issue of Science, focuses on a rarely occurring mutation in a D. m...

U-M researchers use nanoparticles to target brain cancer

...ood stream to tumor cells; a special type of laser light activates the drug to attack the tumor. Iron oxide is a contrast agent used to enhance magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI. "Photofrin goes into tumor blood vessels and collapses the vasculature, which then starves the tumor of the blood flow neede...

Amateur boxing linked to brain cell injury

...average levels of chemicals known as neurofilament light protein and total tau than they did three months l...bout the boxers had higher levels of neurofilament light protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Three months later, the boxers still had higher levels ...

Faster, more accurate tuberculosis test developed

...esearchers observed the cultures under an inverted light microscope for 40 days. The sensitivity of detecting TB was 97.8 percent for MODS culture, 89 percent for automated mycobacterial culture and 84 percent for Lowenstein-Jensen culture, when compared to each other. The median time for detection of TB w...

Molecular 'signature' protects cells from viruses

...anese research team was also involved in, now shed light on the matter: they show that the instructions from the cell's nucleus carry a kind of 'signature', which is missing in the virus commands. RNA is like a long string. In viruses there is a specific chemical signal, known as a triphosphate, located at...

Does missing gene point to nocturnal existence for early mammals?

A gene that makes cells in the eye receptive to light is missing in humans, researchers have discovered....nal PLoS Biology ?reveal how our experience of the light environment may be impoverished compared to other vertebrates and fits with the suggestion that earl...

Silver bullet: UGA researchers use laser, nanotechnology to rapidly detect viruses

...said the latter is clearly too long, especially in light of emerging threats such as H5N1 avian influenza. "For some respiratory viruses, you've either cleared the infection at that point or succumbed to the infection," Tripp said. "What we've developed is the next generation of diagnostic testing." ...

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