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Tag: "length" at biology news

MRSA vaccine shows promise in mouse study

..." an estimated 2.7 million days in excess hospital length of stay, and $9.5 billion in excess charges. Physicians are particularly concerned about S. aureus because of its ability to survive in the presence of antibiotics designed to kill it. In 1972, according to the Centers for Disease Control, only two...

Important gene controlling tree growth and development found

...e trees sense that fall is coming by measuring the length of the day. When the days get shorter the trees "know" that it is time to stop growing and set buds, even if it is a very warm fall. The trees are known to display a "critical daylength". If the days get shorter than this critical daylength the tree ...

Newborn screening can cause unnecessary parental stress

...ond test, and 26 percent voiced concerns about the length of time before a diagnosis was ruled out. Half of all parents in the false-positive group said they hadn't been told, or didn't remember being told, that the diagnosis had been ruled out. Of these, 22 percent said they were told they wouldn't b...

What controls stickiness of 'smart' chromosomal glue

...s, cohesins release chromosomes along their entire length simultaneously. However, in the initial stage of meiosis, cohesins first release only the "arms" of chromosomes, still holding the chromosomes together at their central connection point, the centromere. Only in a second stage of meiosis that gives ri...

Researchers to develop ultra-miniature implantable sensors to measure blood flow

...iniature sensors can be as small as 100 microns in length by 100 microns in width, and with development, these sizes could shrink to several microns. To give that size some perspective, the average human hair ranges from 40 microns to 120 microns in diameter. The advantage of such tiny, implanted sensors is...

One-dimensional diffusion accelerates molecular motors

...ells. Until now, scientists have not known how the length of microtubule gets regulated, nor how the proteins reach the end of the microtubules to be regulated. The Max Planck researchers looked at the example of the protein MCAK, and how it locates microtubule ends. Howard and his colleagues followed sing...

Researchers appeal for new regulations to save coral reefs from live fish trade

...se, a giant reef fish that commonly reaches 2 m in length and lives for more than 30 years, are top of the menu and especially vulnerable. But once on the plate, the absence of an important part of the food chain means the coral reef hierarchy is in turmoil. The coral-eating crown-of-thorns starfish is li...

Surprise finding for stretched DNA

...ter wire to wrap a larger number of times over the length of the rod." The twist-stretch coupling results demonstrated by Bustamante and his collaborators holds important implications for how DNA-binding proteins are able to recognize their target sites along the helix. These proteins are known to bend, w...

Researchers identify human DNA on the fast track

...R1 during human evolution seem to have altered the length and configuration of some of these helices. "It's a brand new structure, unique," said Salama. "The downside is that we don't have many good clues as to how it functions." Haussler's team is now following up on the clues that they do have. Other DN...

Nanowire arrays can detect signals along individual neurons

...neuron is no more than 20 millionths of a meter in length -- Lieber and colleagues were able to measure and manipulate electrical conductance at as many as 50 locations along a single axon. The current work involves measurement of signals only within single mammalian neurons; the researchers are now worki...

Tiny shock absorbers help bacteria stick around inside the body

... the fimbriae stretch to many times their original length as the protein segments uncoil one by one. If the force on them drops, the fimbriae coils are compressed, keeping tension on the bond between the bacterium and the mucous membrane. "The fimbriae uncoil and recoil to dampen sudden changes in forces ...

With cochlear implants, earlier use leads to better speech

...ochlear implants and compared those results to the length of time each child had his or her implant. They found that with increased implant time, children's vocabulary was richer, their sentences longer and more complex and their use of irregular words more frequent. The researchers' work was reported in th...

Even fish don't swim well when they're young!

...ability cannot be explained by differences in body length either", Müller argues. Hopefully Müller's findings about pectoral fins and swimbladders can be used to reduce fish mortality rates. "Fish breeding programs cannot offer their larvae swimming lessons, but once we understand which behaviours cause t...

Record bonefish

... was at liberty 321 days, gaining about an inch in length and moving in a linear distance of 186 miles." This distance record is more than double the previous one of 75 miles (Key Largo to Big Pine Key). It also suggests that bonefish can migrate across the Gulf Stream and perhaps mix with the Bahamas bon...

Plastic surgeons countdown first full facial transplantation

... living recipients, the authors estimate the total length of surgery will be approximately 11-15 hours. "Plastic surgeons have historically been at the forefront of transplantation medicine," said Dr. Cunningham. "The first successful hand transplantation was performed by a plastic surgeon in 1998, as was...

Thinner and younger

...y did more of the animals live longer, the maximum length of a rat's or mouse's life also increased. The CALERIE study hopes to get some clues about whether calorie restriction might do the same thing for humans. "We want to learn whether calorie restriction can reverse some of these markers of aging in he...

MIT researchers build tiny batteries with viruses

...e all 880 nanometers in length," which matches the length of the individual virus particles. And, "once we've altered the genes of the virus to grow the electrode material, we can easily clone millions of identical copies of the virus to use in assembling our batteries. "For the metal oxide we chose cobalt...

Common molecular 'signature' identified in solid tumors

...k: miRNAs are usually only 22 or so nucleotides in length ?miniscule in size when compared to their cousins, messenger RNA, which can be several hundred to a thousand times that long. But several years ago, researchers studying roundworms noted that properly functioning miRNA was necessary for normal deve...

Secrets of the sea yield stronger artificial bone

...erials, but nacre's architecture varies at several length scales, from micrometers to nanometers. Replicatin...re's multilayered structure across a wide range of length scales. Like nacre, the surface of each layer is rough, helping the layers lock in place with whatev...

DNA end caps may lead to cancer treatments, UT Southwestern researchers report

...e that the rate of shortening is influenced by the length of the overhang ?more DNA is lost from ends that have longer overhangs. Telomerase also changed the relative size of the two tails. "We need to understand how this size is regulated, since we would like to be able to manipulate it for therapeutic p...

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