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Tag: "least" at biology news

Circumcision: A proven strategy to prevent HIV

...th services. "We have wonderful new drugs to at least maintain people for many years with the virus, but meanwhile more people are getting infected at a rate of approximately 5,000 persons per day," said Bailey. "We cannot treat our way out of this epidemic. Prevention of new infections is crucial." ...

Manual dishwashing study digs up dirt on dish cleanliness

...stains still left on a few glasses, but it was the least hospitable substance for bacteria," Pascall said. "It seems to have antimicrobial properties, which was a big surprise to us." Lee, a doctoral candidate of food, agricultural and biological engineering, and Pascall, assistant professor of food sci...

How fish conquered the ocean

...eleosts) inhabited fresh water environments for at least 150 million years before they entered the oceans". "Apparently, it was not until the Eocene epoch (about 55 million years ago) that an unparalleled and rapid burst of thousands of new marine teleost species took place as evidenced by their sudden ...

Many couples choose to donate surplus embryos for stem cell research

Nearly 50% of couples who were interviewed at least 3 years after undergoing in vitro fertilization (I...view and survey were carried out in the U.S.A., at least 50% of the couples would be willing to donate their spare embryos for stem cell research," said Pabl...

UCLA: How does your brain respond when you think about gambling or taking risks?

... The people who were most willing to gamble were least turned on as the stakes got higher, while the people who were most averse to gambling were most turned on as gains and losses increased, Poldrack said. The biggest risk-takers, who are willing to accept very risky gambles, have brains that respond...

Cancer cells forming blood vessels send their copper to the edge

... appear to play a special role in angiogenesis, at least on the basis of this observation. To extend these studies to a living organism, Finney and her colleagues then examined sections of breast tumor tissue that were rich in newly formed blood vessels. "Once again," said Finney, "we found that in cont...

Human preference for other species could determine whether they survive

... "Even the penguin species I found to be among the least appealing to people are tourist attractions." Tops on the list are the Emperors, featured in the film "March of the Penguins," and their close cousins the King penguins. Second are crested penguins, including Rockhoppers and Macaroni. Species...

MIT bioengineer advances survival, promise of adult stem cells

...among many scientists around the world who have at least some objections to creation of human embryonic stem cells, for a variety of reasons. She says her current focus on adult stem cells is driven largely by the interesting science and the feasibility for near-term clinical use for the types of cells she...

A sweet step toward new cancer therapies

...teins. But that method requires the presence of at least two positive charges, which can be difficult to accomplish with acidic molecules, such as proteins with sulfate or phosphate groups attached. Hakansson's group has been exploring the use of metals such as calcium and iron to carry the necessary p...

Chronic pain up almost 40 percent among US workers in past decade

...n, defined in the survey as pain that lasts for at least six months, was more common in the workplace in 2006 than it was in 1996 (26 percent vs. 19 percent). Today, almost nine in 10 employees with chronic pain (89 percent) typically go to work rather than stay home when experiencing chronic pain, the...

Salmonella survives better in stomach due to altered DNA

...ella serovar Typhimurium DT104, is resistant to at least five different antibiotics. Dutch researcher Armand Hermans found new genetic information in DNA of DT104 that might be involved in its survival and infection mechanism. This genetic information might also be involved in the increase in the number of...

Huddling and a drop in metabolism allow penguins to survive the South Pole cold

...n the colony using binoculars, at a distance of at least 10 to 20 meters. Breeding success of the entire colony during 2001 was low at 42 percent. Out of the five pairs studied, three were feeding their chicks until October 2001. The experimental pairs in the study resumed with the expected breeding cycle...

U of M researchers invent 'flashy' new process to turn soy oil, glucose into hydrogen

..., with no input of fossil fuels and in reactors at least 10 times smaller than current models. The work could significantly improve the efficiency of fuel production from renewable energy sources. It will be published Nov. 3 in Science. "It's a way to take cheap, worthless biomass and turn it into useful ...

Neuron cell stickiness may hold key to evolution of the human brain

...ence comparisons and known to have evolved over at least the last 100 million years. We measured the average rate of evolution in the human lineage in these sequences and then identified 992 elements with a significant excess of human-specific nucleotide substitutions relative to the baseline. This is...

Invasive ants territorial when neighbors are not kin

...nies, at Lake Hodges north of San Diego, killed at least 15 million workers over the six month study. However, ants did not fight when placed with ants from a distant location in the same supercolony. Coauthors Christine Payne-Makrisâ and Andrew Suarez from the University of Illinois, Urbana and Neil Ts...

Evolution of Old World fruit flies on three continents mirrors climate change

...mate warming is already having genetic effects, at least on these organisms," Huey said. "The good news is that these flies may be able to adapt, at least to some extent, to a warming climate. However, organisms with longer intervals between new generatio...

Science researchers genetically transform immune cells into tumor fighters

...e in 15 of the patients in the study, making up at least 10 percent of their circulating T cells for at least two months after treatment. New T cell levels were higher in the two people whose tumors shrunk noti...

Vanishing beetle horns have surprise function

...tudies of your organism's development, at the very least you stand to gain fundamental insights into its biology. More often than not, however, you may prevent yourself from making big mistakes when drawing up evolutionary histories. In this case, I think we did both." ...

Comprehensive model is first to map protein folding at atomic level

...me their biologically stable configuration, and at least a thousand times longer than previous methods -- is described this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. "For years, a sizable army of scientists has been working toward better understanding how proteins fold," says co-autho...

Ongoing collapse of coral reef shark populations

...hich is widely considered to be one of the world’s least degraded, and best managed, reef systems. For balancing conservation with sustainable use, the Great Barrier Reef is regulated through an extensive series of management zones in which different areas are open to different levels of fishing. In their ...

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