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Tag: "leading" at biology news

Study shows how herpes infects cornea, evades immune cells

...ms the eye's outermost layer. Ocular herpes is the leading cause of infectious blindness in the United States, with 50,000 new or recurring cases each year. In about one quarter of cases, the virus penetrates the first layer of the cornea to infect an inner layer, the stroma, making the disease much more di...

'Fruit fly dating game' provides clues to our reproductive prowess

...osphere over a period of more than a million years leading up tothe mass extinction. By the time Chicxulub struck, the oceans were already 3-4 degrees warmer, even at the bottom, she says. "On land it must have been 7-8 degrees warmer," says Keller. "This greenhouse warming is well documented. The temperat...

Detecting explosives with honeybees

... of bee biology, the new techniques could become a leading tool in the fight against the use of improvised explosive devices, or IEDs, which present a critical vulnerability for American military troops abroad and is an emerging danger for civilians worldwide. By studying bee behavior and testing and impro...

Far more than a meteor killed dinos

...osphere over a period of more than a million years leading up tothe mass extinction. By the time Chicxulub struck, the oceans were already 3-4 degrees warmer, even at the bottom, she says. "On land it must have been 7-8 degrees warmer," says Keller. "This greenhouse warming is well documented. The temperat...

Molecular 'on/off switch' controls immune defenses against viruses

...fects 4 million U.S. residents and is the nation's leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer. In 2005 Dr. Gale and his team completed several breakthrough studies on hepatitis C, discovering that the RIG-I protein binds to viral genetic material. Then, RIG-I changes its shape and sends signals to other...

Incidence of stroke decreases over last 50 years

...ng each year in the United States. It is the third leading cause of death behind heart disease and cancer and the leading neurologic cause of long-term disability, according to background information in the article. Prior ...

How many genes does it take to learn? Lessons from sea slugs

...ion years of independent evolution in the lineages leading to men or sea slugs. Moroz and his collaborators uncovered new information that suggest that gene loss in the evolution of the nervous system is as important as gene gain in terms of adaptive strategies. They believe that a common ancestor of anim...

USC team reveals structure of APOBEC family protein

... enzyme working at inappropriate times and places, leading to genetic mutations that may cause cancer and other diseases," Chen said....

A new jump start for aging blood vessels

... The knowledge that cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women in the U.S. underscores the significance of these findings. This treatment could one day lead us closer to better heart health as we age. ...

Cell wall of pneumonia bacteria can cause brain and heart damage

...artment of Infectious Diseases. S. pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia, sepsis (a potentially life-threatening bloodstream infection) and meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord). The St. Jude team found that pieces of cell wall from S. pneumoniae that escape...

High dopamine transporter levels not correlated with ADHD

...teins rises, the amount of dopamine would decline, leading to a higher level of inattention. This would also explain why control subjects, with higher dopamine release levels, had lower scores of inattention than did subjects with ADHD with similar levels of dopamine transporters. Jeffrey Newcorn, a child ...

Cougar predation key to ecosystem health

...allowed deer populations to dramatically increase, leading to severe ecological damage, loss of cottonwood trees, eroding streambanks, and declining biodiversity. This "trophic cascade" of environmental degradation, all linked to the decline of a major predator, has been shown in a new study to affect a bro...

MIT nanoparticles may help detect, treat tumors

...e Chemie International Edition, one of the world's leading chemistry journals. The research, which is just moving into animal testing, involves injecting nanoparticles (billionths of a meter in size) made of iron oxide into the body, where they flow through the bloodstream and enter tumors. Solid tumors mu...

Found -- the apple gene for red

...ty of reasons to study how the biochemical pathway leading to apple colour is regulated." A Post Doctoral Fellow with the team, Dr Adam Takos, used the latest molecular technology to measure how much particular genes were activated, or expressed, in apple skin as the fruit ripened and coloured. "Apple g...

New finding points way to foiling anthrax's tricks

.... Its long-lived spores grow rapidly in the lungs, leading to breathing problems and shock within days. While a vaccine is available, there is no effective treatment. The bacteria succeed by forming capsules that invade lung cells, then capturing iron in order to reproduce, and finally, manufacturing a to...

Key gene controlling eye lens development identified

...lopment of the lens. Understanding the early steps leading to lens formation will help us determine what goes wrong in disorders in which the lens does not form, or forms abnormally. That kind of information is often the first step in designing both preventive and treatment strategies for congenital diseases...

Obesity levels in US are grossly underestimated

...Royal Society of Medicine. Obesity is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, causing some 2.6 million deaths worldwide each year. In the U.S., survey data on obesity on a national and state level is obtained using information gathered by the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)...

Rhesus monkeys in Nepal may provide new alternative for HIV/AIDS research

...r, banned the export of all macaques in 1978, thus leading to the current shortage. Although China has been exporting captive-bred animals for sometime, scientists have noted a number of behavioral and physiological differences in disease progression between animals from the two countries, and the Indian-or...

Jefferson scientists identify gene mutation potentially involved in breast cancer initiation

... factors, estrogen receptors were again increased, leading them to conclude that two factors may be required for estrogen receptor upregulation: Caveolin gene inactivation and growth factor depletion. The findings may have clinical implications. According to Dr. Lisanti, those breast cancer patients who are...

UWM brain research supports drug development from jellyfish protein

... neuron and trigger a cascade of events ultimately leading to cell death." Calcium-binding proteins decline with age, however, limiting the brain's ability to control or handle the amount of calcium "allowed in." Aequorin, the jellyfish protein, appears to be a viable substitute. Moyer, like Underwood...

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