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Tag: "known" at biology news

A gene's first 'kiss' sets off that affair known as puberty

... of Sciences (PNAS). Until now, little had been known about what instigates the cascade of hormone secretions that, over time, produces puberty's tell-tale physical changes, including the development of breasts in girls and voice change in boys. As such, this research begins to answer one of the most ve...

Chemists create 'Superbowl' molecule; May lead to better health

...the experimental soccer-ball shaped molecules also known as fullerenes (C60), which also show promise for drug delivery and other useful applications. Whereas a single buckyball is designed to hold either a single atom or a hydrogen molecule, a superbowl molecule can hold large molecules of up to a hundred...

Wisconsin scientists grow critical nerve cells

... such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. With healthy cells grown ...Li was struck by an idea: Why not apply a chemical known to be necessary for a later stage of neuron development to a much earlier step in the process? The ...

New push for public health, AIDS spending at African Union summit

...bit the progression of their disease, which has no known cure. But demand for free drugs vastly outstrips their supply, the cost of the drugs - at some $US600 annually for the rest of a patient's life, an impossible dream on the continent. Generic versions of the drugs have been priced at roughly $US300 ...

Association of herpesvirus with lung disorder questioned

...t able to detect human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also known as the Kaposi's sarcoma virus, in the lungs of 22 patients with primary or other forms of pulmonary hypertension. These observations, by Harutaka Katano and colleagues from Toho University School of Medicine and the National Institute of Infectious D...

Jump-starting T Cells In Skin Cancer

...s of vaccine-specific T cells. Although it is not known how these tumor-specific cells get activated, Coulie thinks that the few T cells stimulated by the vaccine may change the local, suppressive environment of the tumor such that other T cells can snap out of their stupor and attack the tumor. ...

Molecular biology fills gaps in knowledge of bat evolution

...from the tropics, that fly mostly during the day - known to biologists as megabats - emerged from four majo...ispersed, mostly insect-eating, night-flying bats, known as microbats. These microbats - also known for their highly specialized echolocation - originated ab...

Deficient DNA Repair Capacity Associated With Increased Risk Of Breast Cancer

...eotide excision pathway that fixes DNA alterations known as bulky DNA adducts is associated with breast cancer risk, Regina M. Santella, Ph.D., of the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health in New York, and colleagues analyzed cell lines generated from blood samples taken from pairs of sisters...

Spleen may be source of versatile stem cells

...ludingthe formation of the spleen - but it was not known to be present inadults under normal circumstances....so found that thesecells did not produce a protein known to be associated with a cellularcommitment to develop into a particular type of tissue. Without that...

UCSB scientists probe sea floor venting to gain understanding of early life on Earth

... common landforms on the Earth. However, little is known about hydrothermal venting from these common features. The team describes newly discovered geological and biological manifestations of hydrothermal activity at two sites on young abyssal hills flanking the East Pacific Rise, a fast-spreading portion...

Protein discovery could unlock the secret to better TB treatment

...ombined team discovered the structure of a protein known as resuscitation promoting factor (Rpf). Five versions of the Rpf protein exist in TB bacteria. The paper's unveiling of the molecular structure of Rpf could be crucial to the treatment of TB in the future. Dr John Ward, Dept of Biochemistry and Mol...

Yellowstone microbes fueled by hydrogen, according to U. of Colorado study

...tlyfrom the field," Spear said."We've never before known what microbes were living in Yellowstone hotsprings, and now we do," Pace said.A novel suite of instruments was used to gather data, some of which hadnever before been collected. "No one had measured the concentration ofhydrogen in the hot springs be...

Growth in the sea comes down to a struggle for iron

...up of Japanese scientists. The Japanese project is known as SEEDS (Subarctic Pacific Iron Experiment for Ecosystem Dynamics Study), an ongoing effort that began in 2001 to study the ecological consequences of injecting iron into the ocean. For more than a century, oceanographers puzzled over the low abund...

Poor prenatal nutrition permanently damages function of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

...ition of Diabetes, reinforces what scientists have known from previous studies in humans: Infants with low birth weight -- typically defined as under five and one-half pounds -- have a higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes. To understand the reason, the researchers designed a series of experiments. U...

Fox Chase Cancer Center scientists identify immune-system mutation

...eign agents that enter the body. Other T cells are known as killer cells because they attack foreign invaders more directly. "The maturation of T cells involves key branch points at which cells choose one of two different pathways, going on to become helper cells or killer cells," Kappes said. His goal is...

Controversial drug shown to act on brain protein to cut alcohol use

... does so byincreasing the level of a brain protein known as glial cellline-derived neurotrophic factor, or ...imulated GDNFactivity. Finally, they showed that a known inhibitor of GDNF blockedIbogaine's ability to decrease alcohol craving in the rats, suggestinga dir...

Termites feed through good vibrations

...onar. Dr Evans says different termite species are known to prefer eating particular sizes of wood; certain drywood termites prefer small blocks, presumably to avoid competition. With Professor Joseph Lai and his students from the University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy, Dr Ev...

Drug That 'Tags' Decision-making Areas Of The Brain May Aid

...hnique, positron emissiontomography, more commonly known as PET scans. After proving the drug’seffectivenes...lzheimer’s disease,?Mukherjee said.Scientists have known that nicotine’s action on these receptors elicitsdopamine in various brain regions implicated in nic...

Anti-bacterial additive widespread in U.S. waterways

...l benefits ofantimicrobial products outweigh their known environmental and humanhealth risks? This is a scientifically complex question consumers,knowingly or unknowingly, answer to everyday in the checkout line ofthe grocery store," said Dr. Halden....

Newly-discovered class of genes determines ?and restricts ?stem cell fate

...ere expressing genes that previously had only been known to be expressed in a developing embryo. That was t...the cell of origin for a number of tumors. Pax3 is known to be involved in some tumors, which adds evidence to the stem-cell origin for some cancers. This th...

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