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Tag: "key" at biology news

Brain Scans Reveal How Gene May Boost Schizophrenia Risk

...tale pattern of activity linked to production of a key brain messenger chemical. The study found that increased activity in the front of the brain predicted increases in the neurotransmitter dopamine in the middle of the brain in subjects with the suspected schizophrenia-related version of the gene. Yet...

A puzzle piece found in unraveling the wiring of the brain

...iece of that puzzle by finding a gene that plays a key role in brain wiring. A report on their work appears today in the journal Neuron. "We were surprised to find an exocyst mutant having such specific defects," said Bellen, professor of molecular and human genetics at BCM. "The cell biological basis o...

Aggressive aquatic species invading Great Lakes

...bility to wrest territory from native fish plays a key role in their dominance of the Great Lakes. In the study, McMaster's Sigal Balshine, an assistant professor of psychology, and her colleagues report that gobies win territory disputes against native logperch regardless of whether or not they were th...

Roche clinical trial registry and results database launched

...ce policies. Adequate and ongoing peer review is a key prerequisite for maintaining high ethical standards in Roche’s clinical trials and development activities. In addition, Roche adheres to the “Declaration of Helsinki? a statement developed by the World Medical Association on ethical principles to pro...

At long last, scientists figure out how plants grow

...ssor, thereby turning on the repressed gene. "The key interaction is between TIR1 and the repressor," Estelle said. "Nihal was able to get that to work in a test tube, but the interaction would only occur if he added auxin to the solution." Auxin may stick around awhile, but it is eventually broken dow...

Edible bivalves as a source of human pathogens: signals between vibrios and the bivalve host.

...the persistence of vibrios in these organisms, the key role of the interactions between vibrios and the immune system of bivalves has been recently highlighted by scientists from the Universities of Genova and Urbino (Italy) in Environmental Microbiology. Carla Pruzzo, from the University of Genova expl...

Africa to take it on chin again with climate change

...cooling of the North Atlantic Ocean as having been key to Sahelian drought. A subsequent switch to North Atlantic warming, partly consistent with the impact of greenhouse gas increases, is the main factor behind the Sahel's recent swing from drought to moist conditions, the researchers believe. "Changes...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...r which the structure is known. Telomerase plays a key role in most cancers, and this work ultimately may lead to targets for drug intervention, the scientists said. The discovery is the cover story in the March 4 issue of the journal Molecular Cell. "Knowledge of the structure should provide insights i...

Plant Sacrifices Cells to Fight Invaders

...red a gene essential to one of the plant kingdom's key immune responses--programmed cell death (PCD). Plants use PCD to create a protective zone of dead cells around the infection site to prevent the invading pathogen from spreading. But how the plants keep from killing themselves after they turn on the ...

NIAID begins clinical trial of West Nile virus vaccine

...DNA plasmid--that contains genes that code for two key surface proteins of the West Nile virus. When the vaccine is injected into the muscle, the inner machinery of the muscle cells "reads" the DNA and converts it into two WNV proteins. Recognizing that the proteins are foreign, the muscle cells display ...

One gene links newborn neurons with those that die in diseases such as Alzheimer's

...vior. "But naturally replaced neurons may hold the key to understanding processes of neurodegeneration." The results appear in the May 23 Early Edition issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The potential medical implications of the study came as a surprise to the researchers. They s...

Compounds in plastic packaging act as environmental estrogens altering breast genes

...ecreased expression of the GAD1 gene. It encodes a key enzyme of the GABA-ergic system, which could be involved in hormonal regulation and breast cancer development. GAD1 has consistently been overexpressed in primary breast cancer. "In contrast, the BBP exposure modified the genomic signature of the ma...

Building a human kinase gene repository

...leosides, and other cellular components. They play key regulatory roles in all aspects of eukaryotic cell...ber of pathological conditions, which make kinases key targets in drug discovery efforts, primarily in oncology. This collection is unique because clones ...

NSAID drug protects against intestinal tumors in mice, despite poor diet and gene losses

...or formation even though the mice were missing two key tumor suppressor genes (p27 and APC) and were fed a diet high in fat and low in calcium and vitamin D. "It appears that p21 activation through sulindac offers protection against both a lack of tumor suppressor genes as well as poor diet," says the l...

Activation of thermoreceptors mediates raw garlic's burning pungency

... indicate that thermosensitive TRP channels play a key role in the phenomenon of chemesthesis (the somato...he activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 and as the likely key chemical component responsible for garlic's pungency. Allicin is converted to a variety of more stab...

Study reveals candidate targets for anti-retroviral therapeutics

...ed groups of genes, that are most likely to affect key points in the Ty3 lifecycle. In total, they identified 130 genes that affect the replication of the retrovirus-like element Ty3. Over half of the genes identified in this study have at least one clear relative or homolog in the human genome, thus pr...

Measles Deaths Worldwide Drop By Nearly 40% Over Five Years

... over 150 million children against measles. Other key partners include the governments of Australia, Canada, Japan and the United Kingdom as well as the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) and the Bill & Melinda G...

Cellular Defects in Premature Aging Disease are Reversible

...PS cells by correcting defects associated with the key protein, lamin A. By demonstrating that HGPS cellular characteristics are reversible, this study, appearing in Nature Medicine online on March 6, 2005, brings scientists one step closer to understanding this devastating childhood disease and might pr...

Disease progression model of pancreatic cancer developed by Penn researchers

...ancreatic and other epithelial cancers because the key event of genomic instability that has been very di... degree of heterogeneity in expression among these key molecules across the specimens. After ruling out the likelihood that this variability resulted from ...

Brain May Be Less Plastic Than Hoped

..., and the approach the investigators used may be a key to developing successful neurological interventions for stroke patients in the future. Stelios M. Smirnakis, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute physician-postdoctoral fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues including Nikos K. Logothe...

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