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Tag: "key" at biology news

Combination therapy boosts effectiveness of telomere-directed cancer cell death

...ences found at the ends of chromosomes that play a key rolein controlling the life span of cells. With every cell division,telomeres get a bit shorter until eventually they become so short thatthe enzymes that copy DNA for cell division no longer work properly andthe cell stops dividing. In a sense, telo...

GATA: a graphic alignment tool for comparative sequence analysis

...ences found at the ends of chromosomes that play a key rolein controlling the life span of cells. With every cell division,telomeres get a bit shorter until eventually they become so short thatthe enzymes that copy DNA for cell division no longer work properly andthe cell stops dividing. In a sense, telo...

“Nano-scissors?laser shows precise surgical capability

...emely precise surgery ontiny roundworms may be the key to understanding nerve regeneration andis an important step toward treatment of human neurological disease,according to research published in the Dec. 16 issue of Nature. Dr.Adela Ben-Yakar, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering atThe Uni...

Finding Cures For Tropical Diseases: Is Open Source An Answer?

...nd proficient volunteers would become leaders."The key to TDI's success, they argue, is that any discovery would beoff patent. An open-source license would keep all discoveries freelyavailable to researchers and--eventually--manufacturers. The absence ofpatents, and the use of volunteer staff, would cont...

Breakthrough Microarray-based Technology for the Study of Cancer

...as cancer develops. Understanding these changes is key tounderstanding cancer progression as well as developing possibletherapies and prognostic and diagnostic tools."Genomic alterations leading to changes in the number of gene copiespresent in cells are important events in the genesis and progression of...

Scientists seek answers on what activates deadly anthrax spores

... bacterial infection that is back in the news. "A key aspect of anthrax spore biology concerns the germi... also pick out structural vulnerabilities that are key to designing new therapeutic agents to prevent anthrax. Interest in determining how to stop anthrax...

The secret lives of whales

...hese animals and their bacterial garden may hold a key to better cold water washing detergents. But more importantly, study of whale worms and other whale-fall species help scientists understand how life has diversified in specialized habitats in the deep-sea. Deep-sea vent tube worms may have originated...

Gene therapy converts dead bone graft to new, living tissue

...enes. He discovered that the genes that create two key proteins in living bone, called RANKL and VEGF, were barely expressed around the dead bone. He then modified a harmless virus to carry these genes, devised a method of freeze-drying a paste containing the virus so it could be easily handled, and pain...

Researchers reveal the infectious impact of salmon farms on wild salmon

...nfections of wild salmon at all. "Parasites are a key negative side effect of fish farms on the local fish stocks," says Andrew Dobson, an epidemiologist from Princeton University who researches infectious diseases in wildlife. "We're seeing similar effects in Scotland, Norway, and Ireland; in each area...

Novel Therapy Tested in Mice Could Chase Away Cat Allergies

...ectable treatment puts a brake on the release of a key chemical from cells involved in cat allergy reacti...va or dander (small scales from its skin or hair), key immune system cells respond by spewing out histamine. Allergy experts estimate that 14 percent of ch...

Clam embryo study shows pollutant mixture adversely affects nerve cell development

...ilknown as BCE--can act synergistically to alter a key regulator in nervecell development. While scientists have previously studied the effectsof these pollutants individually, this is the first time anyone hasdemonstrated that BCE's components can work together to adverselyaffect neuron growth in a mode...

Study identifies predictors of HIV drug resistance in patients beginning triple therapy

...ilknown as BCE--can act synergistically to alter a key regulator in nervecell development. While scientists have previously studied the effectsof these pollutants individually, this is the first time anyone hasdemonstrated that BCE's components can work together to adverselyaffect neuron growth in a mode...

New Clues Add 40,000 Years to Age of Human Species

...or several decades, the Kibish fossils have been a key element in arguments for an ancient origin of modern humans in Africa, yet one for which the age and provenance of the fossils was repeatedly contested,?notes Fleagle. At the request of their Ethiopian colleague Zelalem Assefa, now at the National M...

Muscle-targeted gene therapy reverses rare muscular dystrophy in mice

...s. Patients with Pompe disease have a defect in a key enzyme that converts glycogen, a stored form of sugar, into glucose, the body's primary energy source. As a result, glycogen builds up in muscles throughout the body, including the heart, causing muscles to degenerate. Using genetically altered mice...

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

... if more sugar gets stored in the plants' roots, a key component of the theory. "Because the radiotracer has such a short half-life (20.4 minutes), we can see that more is going to the roots, but not the chemical form it takes there," Ferrieri said. "We will have to do more tests to see what compounds ar...

Researchers identify target for cancer drugs

...ts have identified elements of this pathway, other key components have remained a mystery. Researchers at Whitehead Institute now have discovered a missing puzzle piece, a finding that may present drug makers with a significant new cancer target. "We believe that we have identified a component that rese...

Plant hemoglobins: Oxygen handlers critical for nitrogen fixation

Hemoglobins, key components of our blood, are ancient proteins with well-known roles in oxygen transport and respiration in animals. Hemoglobins are also present in plants and bacteria, but until now the physiological role of plant hemoglobins has been unclear. A gro...

U-M scientists find genes that control growth of common skin cancer

...as the face.The Hedgehog signaling pathway plays a key role in normal development,and its dysfunction has been implicated in a number of different humandiseases and neoplasms, including BCCs in skin and cancers arising inbrain, lung, prostate, pancreas and other gastrointestinal organs.Dlugosz and collea...

Weill Cornell Research Reveals Secrets Of Trafficking Within Cells

...citing new technology to better understand how one key player -- a protein called clathrin -- helps regul...n's lab has helped clarify the role of some of the key players in this process, including a ubiquitous protein called clathrin, found in nearly every cell ...

Discovery of key protein's shape could lead to improved bacterial pneumonia vaccine

...uthor of theEMBO Journal paper. “Using CbpA as the key part of a new vaccineagainst S. pneumoniae would solve a problem that now hinders ourability to protect children from this infection,?Tuomanen said.Current pneumonia vaccines designed to protect adults against more thantwo dozen strains of S. pneumon...

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