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Tag: "job" at biology news

Computational model simulates AZT metabolism in mitochondria

...mitochondria to cause the toxic side-effects. Our job is to model these proposed toxicity mechanisms to see which ones could actually lead to the mitochondrial defects found in AIDS patients." He added: "It is possible that no single mechanism is responsible for the toxicity, but that instead a combinat...

Study pinpoints protein's role in cancer spread

...guardian of the normal cell. Its failure to do its job properly is associated with many types of cancer. If p53 is being destroyed by another protein in a cancer cell, then it offers an excellent target when designing new anti-cancer drugs. This research suggests MDM2 is just such a target." ...

A switch between life and death

...o on to make protein, but bantam is different. Its job is to regulate other RNAs by attaching itself to them; the result is that they block their expression into proteins. In this case, those proteins would go on to shut down cell division. With bantam around, the brake is off, and they continue to divid...

Scientists find Antarctic ozone hole to recover later than expected

...amage, eye damage and can impact marine life. "My job is to track ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons around the globe on a weekly basis," said Steven Montzka, a research chemist in the Global Monitoring Division at NOAA's Earth Systems Research Laboratory in Boulder, and co-author of the paper. "We mak...

AIDS-related cognitive impairment exists in two separate forms

...cells that reside at the bottom of each crypt. The job of these stem cells is to replenish the entire lining of the colon that turns over every five days. However, a mutation in these stem cells produces mutant daughter cells, disorganized tissue architecture, and increased proliferation of crypt cells, ...

Markers of gene, protein, or micro-RNA activity predict outcome in prostate and colorectal cancers

...cells that reside at the bottom of each crypt. The job of these stem cells is to replenish the entire lining of the colon that turns over every five days. However, a mutation in these stem cells produces mutant daughter cells, disorganized tissue architecture, and increased proliferation of crypt cells, ...

MIT researchers build tiny batteries with viruses

...r expensive pressure-cooking technology to get the job done. The work is important, too, because energy density is a vital quality in batteries. A lack of energy density - meaning the amount of charge a battery of a given size can usefully carry - is what has hampered development of electric cars, since...

Newly discovered killer cell fights cancer

...roles as both assassin and messenger, normally the job of two separate cells, has been discovered by an international team of researchers from the United States and France. The discovery has triggered a race among scientists to find a human equivalent of the multitasking cell, which could one day be a t...

Scientists identify molecular structure of key viral protein

..., each folded into a very specific shape to do its job properly. Most proteins have just one shape for th...rotein in its metastable state has a very specific job to do -- to enable infection of the cell -- and it does this by essentially acting as a harpoon that...

World Trade Center identifications pushed forensic DNA technology

...tigations. "We lacked the tools needed to do the job properly or efficiently," Shaler said in his recen...rking with the families is critical to getting the job done properly, and the truth is that the medical examiner and the police need to establish a synergi...

Blood flow in brain takes a twist, affecting views of Alzheimer's

...or whatever reason, astrocytes are not doing their job properly, and then blood flow decreases. This could lead to the death of the neurons, which would starve from a lack of nutrients, since the neurons depend on the astrocytes for their survival." The new research focuses on a process critical to the ...

A bathroom that cleans itself

...ing of the past with new coatings that will do the job for you. Researchers at the University of New South Wales are developing new coatings they hope will be used for self-cleaning surfaces in hospitals and the home. Led by Professor Rose Amal and Professor Michael Brungs of the ARC Centre for Funct...

Study shows that cells have a natural defense against HIV

...zyme, integrase, which is supplied by HIV. But the job is finished by DNA repair enzymes provided by the host cell. Yoder originally wanted to identify which repair enzymes were involved. During these experiments, Yoder learned that cells with high levels of two proteins called XPB and XPD had lower ...

How can we protect patients with weakened immune systems from influenza?

...ter vaccination. Producing those antibodies is the job of B cells. "We hope to be able to use a simple blood test to help determine which immunocompromised patients will benefit from an influenza vaccine," added Dr. Sullivan. The full grant encompasses six projects, each of which focuses on particular i...

UCSD team unmasks family of immune system invaders

...nal Cell. These proteins help bacteria do their job of infecting the host by warding off the body's immune system. The UCSD researchers discovered how the effector proteins are able to "hijack" the body's communication network, findings that could lead novel ways to fight bacterial disease. "While d...

Deep-rooted plants have much greater impact on climate than experts thought

...dels. "Global climate models don't do a very good job of capturing plant effects on how climate might behave," Lee said. Lee accounted both for daily and seasonal dryness in the Amazon, and showed that the two together have a large impact on the climate over the region. The increased moisture in the so...

Researchers unravel DNA tangles and enzyme seamstresses

...e heaps of DNA strings during cell division is the job of special enzymes called topoisomerases. How they achieve this feat may be simpler than previously thought, says U of T research. In a study published in the current online issue of Biophysical Journal, researchers used computer simulations to mimic...

U-M scientists identify major psoriasis susceptibility gene

...es carry DNA-coded instructions for proteins whose job it is to distinguish between what belongs in the body and what doesn't. "There is a great deal of genetic variation in the MHC, because it's on the front lines of dealing with pathogens and cancer," Elder explains. "It's an area where it's good to b...

Common enzyme is a key player in DNA repair

...hey discovered it, researchers have identified the job of one of the most common DNA-damage response proteins. The enzyme has puzzled scientists because it is present in nearly every organism, which suggests that it is crucial to life, and yet, in laboratory experiments, its function has remained a myst...

World shark attacks dipped in 2005, part of long-term trend

... said. "It appears that humans are doing a better job of avoiding being bitten, and on the rare occasion where they actually meet up with a shark, are doing the right thing to save their lives," he said. In one such case, a surfer bitten by a great white shark off the Oregon coast on Dec. 24 had the pr...

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