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Tag: "intermediate" at biology news

FDA sees nanotech challenges in every product category it regulates

...fy as such, or the hundreds of nano raw materials, intermediate components, and industrial equipment items currently used by manufacturers.” “In light of this fast-rising commercialization, FDA needs to make certain that it has the tools, resources and information necessary to ensure the safety of novel products...

Ice Age extinction claimed highly carnivorous Alaskan wolves

...rogen isotope values of the Alaskan wolf bones are intermediate between those of potential prey species—mammoth, bison, musk ox and caribou—suggesting that their diet was a mix of these large species. The cause of Pleistocene extinction (called the “megafaunal” extinction because of the large size of many o...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

... moving proteins in mid-fold and see the shapes of intermediate steps. As described in this week's online issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the first applications of the technique offer a glimpse into the contorted form of a human protein that is implicated in type II diabetes. Pa...

Metacognition: Faced with a test, rats can check their knowledge first

...fficult choice if the noise happened to be of more intermediate length (for example, 4.4 seconds). But prior to the time-discrimination test, rats were given a choice of whether to take the test at all by poking their nose into one of two apertures. If the rat opted out of the test, it received a small food rewar...

Progress toward artificial photosynthesis?

...hesis in modern green plants involves an important intermediate step: the bonding of CO2 to nitrogen atoms to form carbamates. The German researchers thus also experimented with nitrogen-rich catalysts with structures that allow them to form carbamates. Their new class of catalysts is made of flat, graphite-like ...

Scientists discover new, readily available source of stem cells

...c fluid-derived stem (AFS) cells, may represent an intermediate stage between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. They have markers consistent with both cell types. "It took this long to verify that we had a true stem cell," said Atala, who began the work seven years ago. "These cells are capable of ext...

'Night owls' report more insomnia-related symptoms

... of 312 patients, who were categorized as morning, intermediate and evening chronotypes based upon scores on the M...uences of insomnia. Compared to the morning and intermediate types, people with insomnia who prefer evening activities (i.e., “night owls? reported the most slee...

Scripps research study reveals structural dynamics of single prion molecules

... among several different structures before forming intermediate shapes during the amyloid assembly process. The intermediate stages of the process are critically important, Deniz noted: "No single native unfolded protein is c...

Paleontologists discover new mammal from Mesozoic Era

...conodon revealed a middle ear structure that is an intermediate step between those of modern mammals and those of ...ck slabs," said Luo. "Yanoconodon clearly shows an intermediate condition in the evolutionary process of how modern mammals acquired their middle ear structure." ...

QUT scientists on the way to sifting out a cure for HIV

...s a compound found in beach sand and alumina is an intermediate product of aluminium which is the third most abundant element in the earth's crust. "Australia is the largest producer of alumina and titania in the world meaning we can make nano-mesh relatively easily and cheaply." But Dr Zhu said the future ...

Freeze! Scientists film proteins at work by freezing them at different states

...In order to make sure that they “trapped?the right intermediate states, the researchers used the technique of Raman spectroscopy. This technique provided them with strong evidence that the states were the appropriate ones by showing them the chemical bonds in each stage of the reaction. Once they had identified t...

New protein implicated in autism

...ntly, an abnormal form of CADPS2 mRNA (which is an intermediate in the conversion of the CADPS2 gene to CADPS2 protein) was detected in some individuals with autism and was never detected in their healthy immediate relatives, leading to the suggestion that defects in CADPS2 function might predispose individuals t...

Fish growth changes enhanced by climate change

...t, with increasing global warming, temperatures at intermediate depths are likely to rise near-globally,?Dr Thresher said. “This could mean that over the course of time, the decrease in growth rates for the deep-water species could slow or even be reversed,?Dr Thresher said. ...

Fruit flies and global warming -- Some like it hot

...tive and positive effects of the heat treatment at intermediate temperatures. As Volker Loeschcke puts it, "a small amount of heat exposure really toughens flies up against a heat wave, but they don't do quite as well when things are cooler." This means that heat hardening is really important in climates where th...

Two nerve cells in direct contact

...he CH cell, which receives information via several intermediate stops from the other half of the brain and which inhibits the H2 cell on the same side with chemical synapses. Both connections were in principle suitable for achieving the effect described; however the question remained: which of the two is the cruc...

Nature's process for nitrogen fixation caught in action

...ity is particularly complex because there are many intermediate stages between nitrogen gas (N2) and ammonia (NH3)...c stage, the researchers synthesized a mimic of an intermediate compound in the pathway, and then followed its progress. The PNAS article talks about the challenge...

Pattern of human Ebola outbreaks linked to wildlife and climate

...imary investigator of the study. "Our results are intermediate between these two views. There is a perceived pattern to the way the virus spreads, but it is not simply a wave affecting everything in its path, since apparently healthy mammal communities thrived in close proximity to Ebola epidemic sites." L...

Older men treated for early prostate cancer live longer than those who are not

... 65 to 80, with small tumors that were at a low or intermediate risk of spreading," said senior author Katrina Armstrong, MD, MSCE, who worked on the study with colleagues from Penn's Abramson Cancer Center, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leonard Davis Institute of Health and Economics, and D...

Comparing chimp, human DNA

...a tulip or an amoeba. RNA (ribonucleic acid) is an intermediate molecule that transcribes those instructions to make proteins. The other highly accelerated regions do not appear to code for genes at all, but many are located close to genes involved in controlling when other genes get made, or in growth and dev...

Too mellow for our predatory world

...e Beagle in 1835. In marine iguanas living with an intermediate predation risk, it was only the act of being captured that led to increased concentrations of corticosterone, and the flight distance only increased in those animals that had already been once caught. In contrast, the reptiles living with acute preda...

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