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Tag: "insulin" at biology news

Major link in brain-obesity puzzle found

...he ability to sense the signals sent by leptin and insulin that tell the brain to slow down food intake and f...e imbalance is linked to alterations in leptin and insulin signaling that lead to excess weight gain and Type 2 diabetes, respectively,?says Rui, an assistant ...

Growth hormone to boost athletic performance risks diabetes

...avenous fluids and gradually increasing amounts of insulin over five days, after which he was discharged. His symptoms completely cleared up, and he was no longer diabetic. The use of growth hormone has steadily risen among amateur athletes and bodybuilders all round the world, say the authors, because it...

Magic Beans -- Anti-obesity soya could help prevent diabetes

...e key problem in type II diabetes is impairment of insulin action, mainly as a result of excess abdominal adipose tissue - so loss of weight often improves glycaemic control,?says Dr Bender. Lynne Garton, a registered dietician and nutritionist and consultant to the Soya Protein Association, said: "Soy fi...

Twin studies reveal genetic components leading to cardiac and kidney disease

...ith increased blood pressure, body mass index, and insulin resistance, among other factors. In twin subjects with elevated CRP, multiple, common genetic variants were found along a pathway associated with the adrenergic system. Adrenergic stimulation is what is involved in the 'flight or fight' response, a...

Breakthrough in understanding type-2 diabetes as key genes identified

... known as SLC30A8, which is involved in regulating insulin secretion. Type-2 diabetes is associated with a deficiency in insulin and the researchers believe it may be possible to treat it by fixing this transporter. Professo...

Bioluminescence at the service of a novel cerebral imaging technique

...en shown that flies endowed with a mutation of the insulin receptor live much longer. It is also possible to exploit the powerful genetic tools of the Drosphila to study and compare these maps in flies bearing different mutations, or in flies which serve as models for a variety of human pathologies, such as...

Scripps research team discovers a chemical pathway that causes mice to overeat and gain weight

...of inflammatory signaling via EP3R with leptin and insulin increase, glucose tolerance, and white fat accumulation, and thus may provide a very important animal model for determining the importance of inflammation in obesity and in the conversion of obesity to type 2 diabetes." Ultimately, better understa...

Elucidation of the genome for diabetics with DNA chips

...bution to the development of DT2. Abnormalities in insulin secretion appear very early in the children of dia...c when they put on weight and are resistant to the insulin they produce. The team of Philippe Froguel was the first to identify a gene associated with DT2 ?tha...

Phthalates now linked to fat, related health risks

...the first time, is linked to abdominal obesity and insulin resistance in adult males, according to a study by...ce. Of these men, 651 also had fasting glucose and insulin levels required to calculate insulin resistance. The analysis found that, as expected, several ph...

Columbia scientists determine 3-dimensional structure of cell's 'fuel gauge'

...nt, meaning that their cells are not responsive to insulin which normally helps glucose get out of the bloodstream, where it does damage, and into cells. When AMPK detects low levels of ATP in the cell, it works through a different mechanism to increase how much glucose the cell takes in and uses to create A...

UCSD researchers discover variants of natural tumor suppressor

...lowing Akt2 to be more functional and allow better insulin regulation. PHLPP2, on the other hand, controls the driver on Akt1, the path involved with cell survival. Therapies directed at releasing the brake on this driver would allow cells involved in heart or neurological diseases to better survive. "B...

Power-boosting signal in muscle declines with age

...ave been implicated in the increased prevalence of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes that occurs with ag... activation of the AMPK pathway. "In regards to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, having more AMPK activity in our skeletal muscle is probably a good ...

Glucose triggers brain cell death in rats after hypoglycemic coma

...ergy. Diabetics do not produce enough of their own insulin and must take it several times a day. A severe insulin overdose can reduce levels of glucose in the blood to extremely low levels –?a condition known as hy...

Fat screen delivers plant-derived chemical with antidiabetic effects

...ss. The work suggests a new approach for treating insulin resistance that might complement the use of preexi...through a counterintuitive mechanism: they restore insulin sensitivity by activating a central promoter of fat tissue production called peroxisome proliferator...

Students invent protective pouch to enhance cell therapy

...ing a small bio-reactor inside the vein to produce insulin and other proteins that the body needs. The students have built a housing in which the bio-reactor can operate. I’m pretty optimistic that it will work in living subjects." The leader of the student design team, Tom Link, said he selected this pro...

Keeping the immune system from starting a 'food fight'

...so showed symptoms of metabolic syndrome—including insulin resistance and fatty liver disease—even while eati...array of associated metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. This cluster of chroni...

A cherry on top: Tart cherries may alter heart/diabetes factors

...t had total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and insulin levels that were significantly lower than those of...of increased cholesterol and decreased response to insulin that can lead to cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes. Meanwhile, the measure of PPAR messe...

Adult stem cells from human cord umbilical cord blood successfully engineered to make insulin

...ery tells us that we have the potential to produce insulin from adult stem cells to help people with diabetes... stem cells produced both C-peptide, a part of the insulin precursor protein, and insulin itself. Confirming the presence of the C-peptide was especially cruci...

Modified mushrooms may yield human drugs

...e. The test demonstrates that if a second gene, insulin for example, were to be patched in the plasmid, that gene would be expressed as well. "There is a high probability that if the mushroom cell has the hygromycin resistance gene, it will also have the partner gene," Dr. Romaine added. The degree...

Weizmann Institute scientists develop a general 'control switch' for protein activity

...he way for the development of a treatment based on insulin injections. Yet, despite enormous research efforts led by scientists worldwide, the cellular function of numerous proteins is still unknown. To reveal this function, scientists perform various genetic manipulations to increase or, conversely, decreas...

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