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Tag: "inside" at biology news

Epstein-Barr virus might kick-start multiple sclerosis

...). Epstein-Barr virus usually persists life-long inside immune system B cells and is kept under control by virus-specific T cells. When B cells divide, the virus produces EBNA1 and uses it to slip its own DNA into the new cell. T cells that target EBNA1 are a crucial component of EBV-specific immune respo...

ABCB6 is key to production of heme in hemoglobin

.... "Porphyrins are negatively charged and so is the inside of mitochondria," Schuetz said. "So it wasn't clear how a negatively charged molecule could get into a negatively charged environment when it should have been repulsed--like two negative poles of a magnet pushing each other apart. Our work showed tha...

New angiogenesis finding may help fight cancer growth

...mbers of them on endothelial cells, which line the inside of blood vessels. Endothelial cells form the internal structure of a blood vessel, and during angiogenesis, they migrate, starting an extension of the blood-vessel network. When Paul added NK-B to endothelial cells, "They lost the capacity to orga...

Ozone recovering, but unlikely to stabilize at pre-1980 levels, says study

... had developed a model that explained what happens inside a plant cell when brassinolide signals a plant cell to start growing. But a model is just a model. Often evidence in favor of a particular model is indirect and could support multiple models. Describing the components of the signaling cascade that ...

Salk scientists untangle steroid hormone signaling in plants

... had developed a model that explained what happens inside a plant cell when brassinolide signals a plant cell to start growing. But a model is just a model. Often evidence in favor of a particular model is indirect and could support multiple models. Describing the components of the signaling cascade that ...

Expanding waistlines triggered by your genes

...ee-dimensional (3-D) microenvironment taking place inside the complex body. In regular 2-D culture system, t...comes a critical metabolic scissors once cells are inside 3-D environment either in collagen gel or in the real tissue of mouse. This finding may fill a gap b...

Surprising symbiosis: Glassy-winged sharpshooter eats with friends

...d by not one, but two co-dependent bacteria living inside its cells. Although insect-bacteria symbiosis is ...ways might be carried out by other bacteria living inside the insect, the team began picking through their forensic samples of DNA sequences, removing all the...

RNA found in the cellular centrosome of surf clams

...al RNA in the centrosome, the organizing structure inside each cell that assures proper cell division. The...or RNA content. "Although the possibility of DNA inside the centrosome of the cell has been ruled out by others' previous work, the presence of RNA had not ...

New understanding of parasite cell structures may provide treatments for serious tropical diseases

...r to that initially encountered by the trypanosome inside the fly caused the parasites to cleave free GPIs," said Mensa-Wilmot, "and that gives us important information about how the trypanosome cell functions." The new tools aren't just helpful in understanding GPIs in T. brucei, either. The team found t...

Drug dials down the energy within cells, UM researchers find

.... They learned that the compound targets an enzyme inside mitochondria, the energy factories of cells. The specific enzyme, F1F0-ATPase, is responsible for producing most of the cell's ATP. That's a critical role because ATP, often referred to as the cell's energy currency, is the molecule that captures che...

Mice learn tasks that may help treat human psychiatric disorders

...er metal bowls. The scientists varied the material inside the bowls where the cereal piece was hidden and also varied the outer texture and smell of the bowls. The rodents learned to find the cereal by using a cue such as the bowl's outer texture. After experience solving a number of tasks with this cue, ...

Triple threat polymer captures and releases

...pillaries to take in guest molecules and hold them inside the material,," said Wooley, a member of Washington University's Center for Materials Innovation, (CMI) which enables collaborators from across the Washington University campus to make basic and applied advances in materials research, touching many ...

The molecular post office inside the cell

For most proteins, there is a particular place inside a cell where they carry out their function. But ho...ch have to find the way to their final destination inside or outside the cell. Secretory proteins are those that later on leave the cell, like anti-bodies. Me...

Movie spies on malaria parasite's sneaky behavior

...id Ménard. Like the ancient Greek warriors who hid inside a giant hollow horse to gain entry to Troy, the ma... protrusions. Amino captured a series of images inside living mice at one-second intervals to track the parasites' journey. By using parasites labeled with...

One therapeutic dose of radiation causes 30 percent spongy bone loss in mice

...e loss of trabecular bone, the spongy area of bone inside the dense outer area known as the cortical bone. "It's interesting that the trabecular bone, not the cortical bone, suffered the damage," said Bateman, a bioengineer who studies bone biomechanics. The remaining spongy bone must redistribute the loa...

The shape of life: research sheds light on how cells take shape

...tant bits like chromosomes and mitochondria around inside of cells. As microtubules multiply, they form patterns that can be seen by the naked eye. The pattern is a series of waves that look a bit like zebra stripes. How, Valles and Tang asked, do they form? Working with graduate students Yifeng Liu and...

Coming soon: 3-D imaging that flies 'through' and 'around' cancer

...cal information of possible cancerous tumors--from inside the body--provides a visual navigation of organs o...colon. The tube or scope transmits an image of the inside of the colon onto a video screen so its lining can be examined. While the initial findings are exc...

Surprise finding for stretched DNA

...A extends more than three feet, but, when wound up inside the nucleus of a cell, that same molecule measures about one millionth of an inch across. Biologists have long believed that as a molecule of DNA is stretched, its double helix starts to unwind. As much sense as this makes from an intuitive standpoi...

First-ever genomic test predicts which lung cancer patients need chemotherapy to live

...ence, it is a barometer of a gene's activity level inside the cell. Scientists label the messenger RNA with fluorescent tags. The fluorescent RNA is then placed on a tiny glass slide, called a gene chip. There, it binds to its complementary DNA sequence on the gene chip. When scanned with special light...

Flick of whiskers helps tease out brain's 'shadow' signaling system

... their activity by measuring the amount of calcium inside the cells. By listening in the right way, her team has made a series of discoveries that have brought the once-obscure astrocyte and its signaling capability into prominence. In the latest work, graduate student Xiaohai Wang, M.D., led a team that f...

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