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Tag: "inside" at biology news

OHSU lab finds meth receptor that could lead to therapy

... known as cyclic adenosine monophosphate, or cAMP, inside cells expressing the rat TAAR1. Encouraged by this observation, Grandy's team explored the effects of these drugs on mouse TAAR1 and a human-rat TAAR1 hybrid and found all three receptors respond in similar ways. "The results of this study unequiv...

HIV protein enlisted to help kill cancer cells

...most hook TAT up to a train, and TAT would drag it inside a cell. So we've taken advantage of this ability." In an article published online in January 2007 in the Annals of Surgical Oncology, the researchers describe using TAT to pull a protein called Bim into cancer cells. TAT alone cannot cause AIDS and...

Trojan horse strategy defeats drug-resistant bacteria

...cteria, gallium can't function like iron once it's inside bacterial cells." The researchers showed that gallium killed microbes, and prevented the formation of biofilms. Importantly, gallium's action was intensified in low iron condition, like those that exist in the human body. Gallium was even effect...

Penn study on lung-infecting bacterial enzyme suggests new approach to cystic fibrosis treatment

...ung cells to airways causes thick mucus to buildup inside the lung. The finding suggests a new therapeutic target for treating lung infections in some cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Lung infection, facilitated by CF mutations, is the main cause of death in CF patients. This bacterial component to CF now ...

Scientists create dual-modality microbeads to improve identification of disease biomarkers

...quantum dots and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles inside the beads to create dual-modality magneto-optical beads. Nie and Sathe synthesize the quantum dots in different colors by varying their size, giving the beads a unique optical signature. Having different color beads allows the researchers to detect s...

Some caterpillers just don't want to grow up

...nid butterfly whose caterpillars live as parasites inside colonies of Myrmica ants, where they feed on regurgitations from the nurse ants. One of the peculiar features of this species' ecology is that only about 25% of the caterpillars complete development within one year. The rest are inactive in the first...

Napoleon's mysterious death unmasked, UT Southwestern researcher says

...enic poisoning, such as hemorrhaging in the lining inside the heart, and no skin, lung or bladder cancers were present. Gastric cancer was more likely at fault, Dr. Genta said. Other scholars have recently found that the plump emperor lost at least 20 pounds in the last six months of his life, a sign of ...

Cancer researchers add spice to research against rare neuromuscular disease

...ids become part of abnormal proteins that clump up inside neurons, creating a clog that can bring normal molecular activity to a standstill. The clumps of material eventually become toxic to neurons. In Kennedy's disease, a vital molecule known as CREB-binding protein or CBP becomes bound up or entangled...

Protein found to shield pancreatic cancer cells from self-destruction

...gestive organelle called a lysosome and everything inside is consumed, leaving the vacuole and a residue of digested material. If enough of this happens, the cell dies. Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, M.D., professor of experimental therapeutics and study co-author, notes that the research also shows that the s...

Scientists unlock mystery of embryonic stem cell signaling pathway

...w insights into the molecular regulatory machinery inside embryonic stem cells,?adds Martin Pera, Ph.D., director of the Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine at the Keck School of Medicine. “His team has identified a chemical that controls a critical switch that enables stem cells to multiply inde...

Knocking out survival protein could aid leukemia treatment

...ced molecules called small interfering RNA (siRNA) inside the cells and found that the tiny molecules greatly reduced the amount of the survival protein, causing many of the cells to die. The effect was the same even in cells that came from patients with advanced cancer or from patients with tumors that res...

Batten down the hatches against HIV

...es were fastened to the ends of these chains. Once inside the cell, the RNA could easily be split off by means of a sulfur–sulfur bridge....

NIH announces phase III clinical trial of creatine for Parkinson's disease

...the function of mitochondria, which produce energy inside cells. It also may act as an antioxidant that prevents damage from compounds that are harmful to cells in the brain. In a mouse model of PD, creatine is able to prevent loss of the cells that are typically affected. "Creatine, or any compound th...

Microfluidic chip helps solve cellular mating puzzle

...rger. This mating process is regulated by proteins inside the cell called mitogen-activated protein kinases, or MAPKs, through a chain of chemical reactions. First, sensors on the surface of a yeast cell pick up signals that a mating partner is nearby. Then the message is passed down toward the cell’s co...

Baby fish 'smell their way home'

...t is imprinted on them either when they are an egg inside their mothers, a fertilised egg swept around on the bottom, or new-hatched fry loose in the stream or brooded in their parents' mouths. "An egg, even a fry, hasn't a fully developed sense of smell, but it may have a way of absorbing the local mole...

Ultrathin films deliver DNA as possible gene therapy tool

... easily in a wet biological environment - like the inside of a patient's body. Lynn's laboratory has engineered a whole toolbox of different polymers to fine-tune the DNA delivery properties of their films. Using the layering method, they can control the amount of DNA by adding more layers, or can even l...

Magnetic system could be key to surgery without scars

...s and determine just how to move them once they’re inside the human body. “A fixed hole has a limited wo...other magnets attached to laparoscopic instruments inside the abdomen. Surgeons can then move the outside magnets to position an internal camera at the best s...

Anti-dandruff compound may help fight epilepsy

...on your head also can calm overexcited nerve cells inside your head, making it a potential treatment for seizures. Results of the study can be found online in Nature Chemical Biology. Epilepsy and other seizure disorders result when nerves excessively or inappropriately “fire?in the brain. The brain’s “of...

Ring-around-the-cell

...ighly connected nodes of communication between the inside and outside of the cell, enabling the cell to adjust its activity according to the condition of the bone underneath." ...

Widely used iron nanoparticles exhibit toxic effects on neuronal cells

...The researchers also studied long protein polymers inside the PC12 cells that make up the cytoskeletal structure. They found that iron oxide nanoparticles resulted in fewer and less organized microtubules and microfilaments, protein polymers involved in cell motility and cell shape. "It's worth noting th...

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