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Tag: "innate" at biology news

Newly discovered antibody may be body's natural defense against Alzheimer's

...arly noxious threat. "This could be part of an innate defense mechanism against Alzheimer's and other age-related neurodegenerative disorders," comments Dr. Marc Weksler, The Irving Wright Sherwood Professor of Geriatrics and professor of medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College, and senior investigato...

Ancient retrovirus sheds light on modern pandemic

...ever, we found that during primate evolution, this innate immunity to one virus may have made us more vulner...Our theory is that this is because humans had this innate viral defense system," Emerman said. To test their hypothesis, Emerman and co-authors Harmit Singh...

How plague-causing bacteria disarm host defense

...normal structure, which interferes with the cell's innate ability to engulf and destroy invading bacteria. "The question now becomes, why is Gaq targeted by YpkA"" ...

Cytomegalovirus exacerbates atherosclerosis through an autoimmune mechanism

...nt because of its ability to activate cells of the innate immune system involved in the initial phases of the disease. This new study therefore confirms that antibodies directed against Cytomegalovirus-derived proteins purified from patients with coronary artery disease induce endothelial cells damage an...

Scientists discover rare 'gene-for-gene' interaction that helps bacteria kill their host

...very similar. "This is particularly true of the innate immune system, which is the fast-acting battery of...he human immune system works." As part of their innate immune system, insects use an enzyme called phenoloxidase to produce reactive molecules that kill ba...

Corals -- More complex than you?

...e been amazed at how many of the genes involved in innate immunity in man are present in coral ?and just how...t questions. The similarity of the coral and human innate immune repertoires implies that they may function in similar ways, so the hope is that we can apply ...

How to steer a moving cell

...ctional movement, or chemotaxis. Cells possess an innate ability to migrate, an inner compass that somehow senses the presence of chemokines. But in metastasis, the cell’s inner compass goes awry ?allowing cells to leave the primary tumor, crawl through tissues and enter blood vessels ?spreading the cance...

Molecule that destroys bone also protects it, new research shows

...most infectious diseases, white blood cells of the innate immune system called neutrophils play a critical role in fighting infections. In fact, humans with neutrophil defects usually lose all their teeth by the time they are 20 due to severe periodontal disease. "It turns out that IL-17 is really impor...

Man's best friend lends insight into human evolution

...t without prior training, indicating that it is an innate ability, not simply one they acquire through contact with their owners. What accounts for this piece of convergent evolution between humans and domestic dogs is nothing other than the process of domestication ?the breeding of dogs to tolerate, ra...

The sturdier sex? -- Study by Pittsburgh scientists finds female stem cells work better

...male cells (95). This difference may arise from innate sex-related differences in the cells?stress responses, according to Dr. Deasy, an assistant professor in the Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and School of Engineering, respectiv...

Scripps research study shows humans and plants share common regulatory pathway

...he Nod1 protein, which plays a pivotal role in the innate immune system’s recognition and response to bacterial infection and members of the R protein family. "There has been a great deal of speculation that R proteins and Nod1 are related, but our study provides the first direct link between plants and...

What recognizes what in plant disease resistance?

...gy domain, which is structurally similar to animal innate immunity molecules. These findings provide novel insights into how R proteins recognize pathogen Avr proteins and should help in long-term efforts to enhance crop yield. ...

Turning a cellular sentinel into a cancer killer

...vidence that this senescence somehow triggered the innate immune system to kill the tumor cells." Involvement of the innate immune system suggests there may be an unknown mechanism by which cancers can trigger the immune sys...

'Exercise pill' switches on gene that tells cells to burn fat

...engineering, he was able to create a mouse with an innate resistance to weight gain and twice the physical endurance of normal mice. Because they were able to run an hour longer than a normal mouse, they were dubbed "marathon mice." Subsequent work in the Evans laboratory found that activation of PPAR...

White blood cells of cancer-resistant mice overwhelm natural defenses of cancer cells

...sponse involved white blood cells of the so-called innate immune system, which the body ordinarily employs t...esistant mice, three white-blood-cell types of the innate immune system ?neutrophils, macrophages and natural killer cells ?all infiltrate the tumor site in a...

'Killer' B cells provide new link in the evolution of immunity

...nique evolutionary link between the most primitive innate form of immune defense, which has survived in fish...tibodies to fight infection. In the more-primitive innate immunity in fish, the scientists found that B cells take part in a process known as phagocytosis, by...

Discovery in the evolution of the immune system absorbing cells

...emonstrated the great versatility and power of the innate immune response of the complement system in lower vertebrates, whereas mammals have developed greater effectiveness and specialisation in the adaptive mechanism of antibodies....

Tiny Tampa Bay fish key to evolution of immune system

... primitive animal life are classified as having an innate immune system, which defends against invaders by r...y, we have identified the missing link between the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system, and we have found this link just below the level of ja...

Fruit fly study identifies gene mutation that regulates sensitivity to alcohol

...plications for human studies seeking to understand innate differences in people's tolerance for alcohol. The research was supported by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), part of the U.S. D...

Sea urchin genome suprisingly similar to man and may hold key to cures

...works. The human immune system has two components: innate immunity, with which we are born, and acquired imm...in response to an infection. Sea urchins only have innate immunity, and it is greatly expanded with 10 to 20 times as many genes as in human. "Considering ...

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