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Tag: "inhibits" at biology news

Commonly used antidepressants may also affect human immune system

...ctivation, but we don't know yet if it enhances or inhibits the total immune response," Ahern said. "But it is something that should be explored because we really have no idea what SSRIs are doing to people's immune systems." ...

Anthrax inhibitor counteracts toxin, may lead to new therapeutics

...bly of molecules that successfully counteracts and inhibits anthrax toxin in animal and laboratory experiments. The novel approach used to neutralize anthrax toxin could be applied in designing potent therapeutics for a variety of pathogens and toxins, according to the researchers. Anthrax toxin, secreted by...

Clock molecule's sensitivity to lithium sheds light on bipolar disorder

...ock that exists in most cells of the body. Rev-erb inhibits clock genes called bmal and clock, but within a no...clock genes cause Rev-erb to increase, which again inhibits bmal and clock. "The time it takes for that to happen determines the length of the cycle–roughly 24 ...

Stem cell study for patients with heart attack damage seeks to regenerate heart muscle

...t off during the heart attack. The damaged muscle inhibits the heart's overall ability to pump blood, leading to heart failure," said Rush principal investigator cardiologist Dr. Gary Schaer, head of the Rush Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory. Rush is the only center in Illinois participating in the trial....

Viral protein helps infected T cells stick to uninfected cells

...onse. The findings also suggest that a drug that inhibits the p12 protein might also help prevent HTLV-1 transmission. The research, published in the May issue of the Journal of Immunology, was led by scientists with The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center and the OSU College of Veterinary M...

Study in Science holds promise for a new approach to drug therapy

... ability to activate phopholipase C, which in turn inhibits pain signals. "Imagine if we could identify 50 small molecules, with each one bringing about a specific set of changes in the behavior the hotspot," Smrcka said. "Taken together, this arsenal would grant us precise control over one of the most impor...

Movement of chromosome in nucleus visualized

...erated the movement. In addition, when a drug that inhibits actin/myosin interactions was added to the cells, the chromosome movement was stopped completely. These experiments conclusively established that actin and myosin are involved in this chromosome movement. "While we have known for a long time that ac...

Protein finding could lead to treatment for inflammatory diseases

...KK is to trigger the degradation of a protein that inhibits NF-kB activity. MC160 subsequently causes the IKK complex to fall apart to prevent the phosphorylation process that turns on NF-kB. "Our findings regarding MC160 provide yet another example of how viruses inhibit NF-kB activation," Shisler said. "So...

New brain hormone puts brakes on reproduction

...ng direct effects. As in birds, GnIH also rapidly inhibits production of luteinizing hormone by the pituitary, they showed. Along with the fact that the cells containing GnIH also have receptors for estrogen-like compounds such as estradiol, the combined evidence suggests that GnIH is a direct inhibitor of G...

Component in soy products causes reproductive problems in laboratory mice

...tein treated group were single We think genistein inhibits the oocytes or egg cells from separating apart," said Wendy Jefferson, Ph.D. of NIEHS and lead researcher on the paper. "Since there are many egg cells in the same follicle instead of just one, the resources from the surrounding cells are spread too...

More evidence mammals, fruit flies share make-up on function of biological clocks

...roduced. These results indicated that Cry normally inhibits clock gene expression in many clock cells ?just as it does in the mammalian clock. "In addition to finding a new function for Cryptochrome, the results reinforce that notion that fruit flies provide an excellent model for understanding the human b...

Study fishes out new role for prostaglandins

...ve known that people who take aspirin, a drug that inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, have about a 50 percent reduction in their risk of getting colon cancer, DuBois explained. "We've been on a quest for the last 10 years to understand why such a simple drug leads to such a significant reduction in cancer ris...

Cycles of cell death, proliferation key to liver cancer

...arin. Blocking JNK prevents liver injury but also inhibits liver regeneration, so the timing and context of activation are very important, he added. "In this research, we set out to identify what causes inflammation in response to liver injury, as well as what stimulates the proliferation of surviving hepat...

Mechanism identified for promising neurological drug

...ite. Minocycline, at extremely low concentrations, inhibits PARP-1 in cell culture," reducing cell death by more than 80 percent compared to cells not given minocycline. The study authors conclude that it is very likely that minocycline's neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects are due to PARP-1 inhibi...

Scientists stop autoimmune disease without shutting off immune system

...ther signs of the disease by injecting a drug that inhibits the p38 enzyme. Tests showed that the p38 inhibitor drug didn't prevent autoantibodies from binding to the skin cells. Instead, it prevented them from damaging the skin as they normally do. The drug stopped a series of cell-signaling events that lead...

Research reveals control of potent immune regulator

...FNg, but they also shut down TGFb signaling, which inhibits production of IFNg. That is, the cytokines not only increase some positive regulators of IFNg production, but they also shut down the TGFb signals that inhibit IFNg production. In addition, the scientists found that TGFb turns down IFNg productio...

How HIV 'exhausts' killer T cells

... Ahmed found that chronic viral infection actively inhibits T cells by switching on the cells' inhibitory PD-1 pathway. He also found that blocking the PD-1 pathway in the mice restored T cell function and reduced the amount of virus in the animals' blood, which is known as viral load. Ahmed's studies showed ...

A new tool against brain disease

... Ahmed found that chronic viral infection actively inhibits T cells by switching on the cells' inhibitory PD-1 pathway. He also found that blocking the PD-1 pathway in the mice restored T cell function and reduced the amount of virus in the animals' blood, which is known as viral load. Ahmed's studies showed ...

Septum keeps neurons in synch, can reduce epileptic seizures by 90 percent

...By keeping the neurons firing normally, the septum inhibits neuronal hyperexcitability, such as epilepsy, and hypoexcitablity, such as Alzheimer's disease." In addition, septal impulses may help to maintain the anatomical integrity of other brain structures. Neurons talk The brain's neurons are constantl...

Study details hepatitis C ability to block immune system response

...m. The findings suggest that the hepatitis C virus inhibits the activity of naturally occurring interferon by ...nfected cells from producing interferon, the virus inhibits the body's immune response against HCV, enabling it to persist. "Our new work shows that HCV does...

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