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Tag: "inhibit" at biology news

Changing length of days reverses how estrogen affects aggressiveness in mice

...ggression in humans. In general, estrogen works to inhibit aggression in humans, but this study suggests research needs to look more at the role of estrogen receptors in some parts of the brain, Nelson said. Also, scientists are very interested in understanding how estrogen works at the molecular level in...

Cigarette smoking impedes tendon-to-bone healing

...ulprit," she says. "Nicotine and cigarette smoking inhibit the formation of new blood vessels, and basically, all healing and all repair processes are aided by the formation of new blood vessels that bring in new cells. That process is assisted by increases in blood supply that may not happen as efficiently ...

Researchers find docking sites for glucocorticoid receptor and Hsp90

...gs actually act in some as-yet-undetermined way to inhibit Hsp90 interaction with client proteins. __IMAGE_2 Tapping into that knowledge, scientists may be able to develop synthetic molecules that would control specific Hsp90 activity, such as directing the response of cells to glucocorticoids, said th...

Bitter taste identifies poisons in foods

...gulation of the body's metabolism. Glucosinolates inhibit iodine uptake by the thyroid, increasing risk for goiter and altering levels of thyroid hormones. The ability to detect and avoid naturally-occurring glucosinolates would confer a selective advantage to the over 1 billion people who presently have l...

Pair of microRNA molecules controls major oncogene in most common leukemia

... stopping them from producing messenger RNA or can inhibit translation of the genes by blocking production of proteins from messenger RNA, according to Pekarsky. Earlier this year the investigators provided the first direct evidence that over-expression of an miRNA molecule could result in development of ca...

Experimental cancer drugs counter muscle deterioration seen in muscular dystrophy

...etyltransferases and deacetylases) that promote or inhibit the expression of regeneration genes, and have the potential of influencing the efficiency of muscle regeneration. ...

New mechanism underlying pain found

...n in our early preclinical research is that we can inhibit the inappropriate neuronal activity and resulting sensitivity that follows nerve injury," said Alan Wickenden, Ph.D., Research Fellow in the Pain and Related Disorders Team at J&JPRD. "Trauma to nerves and the tissues that surround them seems to ...

Researchers image molecular motor structural changes

...ses, the researchers said. Conversely, drugs that inhibit kinesin activity might be a potential approach to slowing the uncontrolled cell division of cancer. For example, the drug Taxol, which is used to treat breast and ovarian cancers, works by stabilizing microtubules. But the problem with using Taxol as...

Adolescent but not adult hamsters are more aggressive on low dose of fluoxetine

...le longer in the brain's synapses. It is known to inhibit aggression in adult hamsters. Hamsters are often ...ent subtypes of serotonin receptors ?some of which inhibit and some of which enhance aggression -- are implicated in the findings of higher aggression on low d...

Altered perception of reward in human cocaine addiction

...i -- with a concomitant decrease in the ability to inhibit maladaptive drug use. In the experiments, the scie...internal cues and feedback from the environment to inhibit inappropriate behavior, and may also predispose these individuals to disadvantageous decisions -- fo...

Chemical tests of cell growth enter third dimension

... a drug's effect, whether you want to stimulate or inhibit cell growth," Yang said. "We have used it on colon cancer cells and mouse embryonic stem cells. And in both cases, we found a very good relation between cell growth and fluorescence intensity." The device can be used with standard well plates, thoug...

Novel regulatory mechanism identified for key tumor suppressor p53

...If that's the case, then we could develop drugs to inhibit the enzyme that would have the effect of freeing p53 to do its job of suppressing cancer. Unusually high levels of the newly identified enzyme might also be useful as a diagnostic marker for cancer." Responsible for tumor suppression throughout the...

Researchers discover that sheep need retroviruses for reproduction

...using morpholino antisense oligonucleotides, which inhibit translation of specific messenger RNA. When production of the envelope protein was blocked in the early placenta, the growth of the placenta was reduced and a certain cell type, termed giant binucleate cells, did not develop. The result was that e...

'Trojan Horse' agent halts bone metastasis in mice

... destruction needed for the cancer to grow and may inhibit blood vessel growth to the metastasized tumor, Rosenblum says. "The fact that this form of VEGF targeting works on different cell receptors in blood vessels and in bone cells is a unique finding that could be clinically significant, not only to tr...

Antibody extends life of mice with breast cancer

...val of mice with human breast-cancer tumors and to inhibit the cancer's spread to the lungs in the animals by more than 50 percent. The antibody, named JAA-F11, targets a particular disaccharide, an antigen known as TF-Ag, which aids the adhesion and spread of certain cancer cells. While the antibody did n...

'Best of both worlds' -- Targeting a single gene could inhibit bone decay and stimulate bone growth

...e function of a single gene that it is possible to inhibit bone decay while simultaneously stimulating bone f...gs treating osteoporosis are available. Most drugs inhibit osteoclasts, which cause bone decay. But there is also at least one that stimulates osteoblasts, enh...

Study IDs protein that inhibits HIV from growing in cell cultures

...pecific therapies that can mimic these effects and inhibit HIV. "Potentially these novel therapies would have certain advantages over current drugs, as the newer therapies would target the cell in which HIV can replicate and not the virus directly. Therefore, HIV should have more difficulty developing res...

Rescuing injured hearts by enhancing regeneration

...d it was providing a new blood supply. If you just inhibit p38 MAP kinase, you don't get blood vessels." Two important steps are needed to turn these findings into a treatment, Engel says. First is to show that the treatment works when not given immediately after the heart attack, since many people susta...

Need to pull an all-nighter?

...to 150 percent. When they injected compounds that inhibit nitric oxide production into this region of the brain, adenosine levels did not increase and sleep was completely abolished (one type of inhibitor abolished dreaming, or REM, sleep, and the other non-REM sleep). The results were identical when the re...

Natural protein stops deadly human brain cancer in mice

...ity of Milan have effectively proven that they can inhibit lethal human brain cancers in mice using a protein that selectively induces positive changes in the activity of cells that behave like cancer stem cells. The report is published this week in Nature. The most common type of brain cancer-glioblastoma-...

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