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Tag: "inherited" at biology news

It's not all genetic: Common epigenetic problem doubles cancer risk in mice

...tion called genomic imprinting. For IGF2, the copy inherited from the mother is always supposed to be turned of...marks" that sit on the DNA and keep the maternally inherited copy turned off. As a result, cells make a double dose of the IGF2 protein and are said to have "los...

Gene variations explain drug dose required to control seizures

...e and phenytoin. SCN1A has been implicated in many inherited forms of epilepsy and is the drug target for phenytoin. Given its relationship to both anti-epileptic drugs tested, the SCN1A variant may be of particular importance for understanding patient response to drug treatment, said the researchers, noting ...

Muscle-targeted gene therapy reverses rare muscular dystrophy in mice

...e University Medical Center. Infants born with the inherited muscular disorder called Pompe disease usually die before they reach the age of two. The researchers also said their approach of targeting corrective genes to muscles may have application in treating other muscular dystrophies. Patients with Pompe d...

Scientists discover unique microbe in California's largest lake

...th the portionof the gene that had originally been inherited from the cyanobacterialparent."This finding shows that even this popular evolutionary chronometer canbe a mosaic of genetic information with radically different origins,"Miller says.Using a molecular clock, Miller estimated that the proteobacterial D...

Plants defy Mendel's inheritance laws, may prompt textbook changes

...ons account for this skipping of generations by an inherited trait." The scientists kept the plants in isolati...at we don't really understand yet is modifying the inherited traits." Although the hothead gene tipped the researchers off to this unconventional inheritance cy...

Variation in women's X chromosomes may explain differences among individuals, between sexes

...ns of inactivation in maternally versus paternally inherited X chromosomes. ...

Gene Therapy Cures Inherited Liver Disease In Rats

...gle dose of gene-virus combination cured rats of a inherited liver disease in which lack of a gene causes the accumulation of bilirubin –which, untreated, results in jaundice and brain damage, said researchers at Baylor College of Medicine in a report in the Proceedings of the Natural Academy of Sciences. "Th...

Love's all in the brain: fMRI study shows strong, lateralized reward, not sex, drive

... that developed in other animals and our ancestors inherited in order to speed up the mating process." Einstein's Brown concluded, "Our results suggest that romantic love does not use a functionally specialized brain system. It may be produced, instead, by a constellation of neural systems that converge onto ...

Harmful chemicals may reprogram gene response to estrogen

...programming of a normal response, combined with an inherited gene defect, work together to promote cancer," sai...with a defect in BRCA1, the gene that is linked to inherited forms of breast and ovarian cancer, showed that those women born before 1940 had a much lower risk o...

Silence the gene, save the cell: RNA interference as promising therapy for ALS

...nsgenic mice to silence a mutated gene that causes inherited cases of amytrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), subst...eases that involve toxic gain-of-function, such as inherited forms of Parkinson's disease or Huntington's disease," notes Aebischer. "But it's important to note ...

UNC launches study of liver injury caused by drugs

...nter at UNC. "This is the only way we can identify inherited and other factors that explain why a particular patient is susceptible when most are not," he said. Researchers will use DNA analysis based on blood samples to identify possible genetic risk factors for such liver injury. "Once a drug has been asso...

Brain Scans Reveal How Gene May Boost Schizophrenia Risk

... subjects with val, but decreased in those who had inherited two copies of the met COMT gene. This "trait-like characteristic" of COMT gene type fits a model in which the prefrontal cortex functions optimally when dopamine activity is neither too low nor too high, corresponding to the top of an upside-down "U...

Maine Researchers Find Exceptions to Old Rules of Genetic Inheritance

...le in nature; they form a haplotype-a set of genes inherited as a unit. Some researchers support the notion that mapping haplotypes may be more significant than mapping the genome. The haplotype map could allow researchers to look for a single variation in the complex genetic code and know all the variations a...

Double triumph in stem cell quest

...y of conditions ranging from spinal injuries to an inherited immune condition. The work proves that matching ESCs can be derived via therapeutic cloning from donors of any age and sex. "This is an enormous stride in the long journey to determine whether nuclear-transfer-derived human embryonic stem cells migh...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...opy. Mutations in the RNA are associated with the inherited diseases aplastic anemia and dyskeratosis congenita, which frequently are manifested by progressive bone-marrow failure. "When you look at the sequence on paper, it doesn't look like some of these mutations would have much effect on the overall thre...

Genetic therapy reverses nervous system damage in animal model of inherited human disease

...irectly analogous to alpha-mannosidosis or AMD, an inherited disease in humans that causes severe mental retardation and skeletal abnormalities. Cats with AMD do not live more than six months. Children born with the worst form of the disease rarely survive into their teens. "Through gene therapy, we replace a...

Study reveals dramatic difference between breast cancers in US and Africa

...ke breast cancer is also observed among women with inherited BRCA1 mutations). Tumors that arise from basal cells have a worse prognosis, regardless of race. -- Second, African breast cancers often lacked estrogen receptors. Although 80 percent of breast cancers in Caucasian women have estrogen receptors, onl...

UCSD research reveals mechanism involved with type of fatal epilepsy

...an Diego (UCSD) have found that Lafora disease, an inherited form of epilepsy that results in death by the age of 30, can be caused by mutations in a gene that regulates the concentration of the protein laforin. These findings are reported in the current issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...

NSAID drug protects against intestinal tumors in mice, despite poor diet and gene losses

... or one or two. The APC gene is responsible for an inherited colorectal cancer condition known as FAP (familial adenomatous polyposis), in which patients develop hundreds of potentially precancerous polyps. They found that on the AIN-76A diet, loss of one APC gene but retention of the "wild-type" (normal) p27...

Cellular Defects in Premature Aging Disease are Reversible

...hts into the normal aging process. HGPS is a rare inherited disease affecting about one in eight million children. While appearing normal at birth, infants with HGPS age rapidly after their first 18 months, and physical symptoms include stunted growth, loss of hair and body fat, joint stiffness, osteoporosis,...

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