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Tag: "influences" at biology news

Scientists identify a gene that may suppress colorectal cancer

...allenged by the array of environmental and genetic influences on tumor initiation, development, and progression in the human population. Therefore, scientists have turned to mouse models, which have nearly identical genetic backgrounds and are housed in controlled conditions. The scientists used a strain of...

Why is the heart heart-shaped?

...s it develops, they asked whether cardiac function influences cell shape. Using zebrafish mutants with functional defects, they found that both blood flow and cardiac contractility influence cardiac cell shape. The researchers propose that a balance of the cell’s internal forces (through contractility) with ext...

Does a peptide affect the heart's response to social isolation?

...model for investigating how the social environment influences behavior and cardiac function. Earlier studies by this research team showed that when prairie voles were isolated from their families, they displayed behaviors similar to depression and cardiovascular changes indicating a possible increased risk of h...

Genes and genius: Researchers confirm association between gene and intelligence

...ene that activates signaling pathways in the brain influences one kind of intelligence. They have confirmed a li...ree regions of DNA along the gene and also noticed influences on intelligence. In this new study, however, researchers tested multiple genetic markers throughout ...

Tiny Tampa Bay fish key to evolution of immune system

... enable it to also skillfully elude attack. "This influences our therapeutic strategy because we must consider that an organism we are trying to target may have an elaborate defensive system of its own, with features that neutralize what we're trying to do to it," Ostrov said. "For example, if we're trying to ...

Global changes alter the timing of plant growth, scientists say

... allow the researchers to tease apart the separate influences of factors and test the statistical significance of their results. Data reported in this study were obtained from 1999 through 2003. "Under today's conditions, grasses flower early in the growing season and wildflowers flower later, but when we inc...

New research identifies gene important for nicotine's effects on the brain

New research identifies an important gene that influences several aspects of nicotine-induced behaviors in the brain. The study, funded by National Institutes of Drug Abuse, was presented today at the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology's Annual Meeting. Investigator Marina Picciotto, PhD, associ...

Novel pathway regulates timing of brain cell development

...on report discovering a new molecular pathway that influences the timing of nerve-cell production. The pathway--which acts through a novel and unexpected mechanism--inhibits production of astrocytes during the early stages of brain development, thereby favoring the production of neurons. (Astrocytes provide st...

Newly identified biomarker detects and regulates spread of brain tumors

...ey role in the motility of the cancer cells, which influences their ability to spread in the brain, a major cause of recurrence of malignant astrocytoma. Secreted by the tumors themselves, attractin induces cancer cells to migrate, although that mechanism is not well understood. Knowing that attractin modulates...

Detailed 3-D image catches a key regulator of neural stem cell differentiation in action

...dds. Scp1 is not the only protein that directly influences the activity of RNA polymerase II. A constantly fluctuating brigade of enzymatic foot soldiers regulates RNA polymerase II's activity by chemically modifying the long cord-like tail that hangs from its globular structure, like a chain on a light fixt...

Study illuminates how the plague bacteria causes disease

...later co-opted by Yersinia--has activity that also influences cell shape by a separate, though incompletely understood mechanism. The findings offer important new insight into the factors that lend Yersinia their ability to spawn disease, the researchers said. The results might also contribute to new strategie...

Some butterflies travel farther, reproduce faster

...erences influence behavior and how the environment influences genetic change by favoring individuals with certai...nt. Scientists want to know how this fragmentation influences a species' evolution. "We may be selecting for genes that enhance the dispersal or migratory capab...

Particle size matters to bacteria ability to immobilize heavy metals

...oking at how the size of iron oxide nano particles influences the bacteria's ability to breathe. This is the first study by any group that couples environmental microbiology and nano-mineralogy. "This adds to our understanding of how nanoparticles might influence the environment and contaminant metal mobility...

Embryonic stem cells do better on bumpy nanoscale mattress

...olled feature dimensions, of cell culture surfaces influences HES cell differentiation and self-renewal, according to the researchers. For HES cells to realize their potential in clinical medicine, they would have to be cultured in great quantities and with great fidelity to their pluripotent phenotype. Fine-...

Honey bee genome holds clues to social behavior

...ive. "We want to learn how the honey bee society influences behavior in individual honey bees," said Sinha, who is lead author of a paper that will be posted online this week ahead of regular publication by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. "By studying the social regulation of gene express...

Researchers find that bumblebees' flower choice matters

... show that the presence of competing plant species influences mating patterns. "Using multiple strategies," he says, "we are able to answer questions that no one else has." ...

Adults who go to bed lonely get stress hormone boost next morning

... dance between experience and cortisol. Experience influences stress hormones, and stress hormones influence experience, the study shows. "Cortisol responds to and interacts with our daily experiences in subtle and important ways," Adam concluded. Cortisol levels are generally high immediately upon waking...

No-mow grass may be coming to your yard soon

...signaling pathway. Wnt is a secreted molecule that influences the nucleus of a cell through cell surface receptors to regulate cell-to-cell interactions and many of the events of embryogenesis in metazoans. "Because one of the brassinosteroid signaling components was similar to a protein found in the Wnt sign...

Nanotechnology being used to improve biocompatibility of human prosthetics and implants

...the microstructure of these coatings significantly influences their mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Understanding the effect of nanostructures within a biocompatible coating could contribute greatly towards improving the effectiveness of these coatings. In this study by Singaporean researchers, K....

UCLA study finds same genes act differently in males and females

... proteins," said Yang. "This suggests that gender influences how disease develops." The gender differences in ...ed in the organ's function, suggesting that gender influences important genes with specialized roles, not the rank-and-file. In the liver, for example, the expre...

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