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Tag: "infects" at biology news

Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily

...ary step for HIV to fuse with an immune cell as it infects it.” The Carnegie Mellon scientists used X-rays to study how HIV fusion peptide (part of a larger protein) affected the energy of manufactured lipid bilayers made to mimic normal cell membranes. Lipid bilayers provide a protective barrier for the ce...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

...of cat scratch disease: Bartonella henselae, which infects more than 25,000 people a year in the U.S. The discovery is reported in the June 7 issue of “The New England Journal of Medicine.” The woman had been traveling in the Peruvian Andes. She suffered from potentially life-threatening anemia, an enl...

Researchers discover 'acquired' DNA key to certain bacterial infection

...lent in emphysema and AIDS patients among others – infects tissue cells or “macrophages” and thus compromises...nism by how M. avium penetrates the macrophage and infects humans may eventually lead to interventions that can prevent, or at least, reduce the chance of infe...

New vaccine prevents CMV infection and disease in mice

... patients.” When a persistent virus such as CMV infects an individual, it disarms the host immune system in two ways – by hiding or masking the proteins that would normally provoke an immune response, or by fooling the immune system into mounting a response that doesn’t work to eradicate the virus. “...

Parasites' impact goes beyond host to affect ecosystem

... of green, weedy algae, and the flatworm C. lingua infects L. littorea and damages its digestive system, then...al setting for such an experiment. While C. lingua infects approximately 10 percent of L. littorea living on the mainland, approximately half the snails on App...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

...self in the body." Once HIV enters the body, it infects crucial CD4+ T cells, replicates, spreads throughout the body and establishes HIV reservoirs in lymphatic tissues. Within weeks of exposure, virus levels peak and then decline to levels that may remain low for months or years. It is believed that CD8...

Leeches ferry infection among newts

...us-like organism of the genus Ichthyophonus, which infects the muscles of red-spotted newts and other amphibians in North America. It does not appear to kill amphibians but might affect their ability to reproduce. "This is the first evidence that newts are getting infected through the bites of leeches," ...

UCI scientists reconstruct migration of avian flu virus

...egion, regardless of the host or vector species it infects first. This way, the virus can find the right host to spread the infection to the next location. This parallel evolution ?the independent evolution of similar traits ?enables H5N1 to spread quickly, the scientists believe. "The ability to develop ...

Bypassing eggs, flu vaccine grown in insect cells shows promise

...es on a virus known as baculovirus, which normally infects insects, to churn out the key components of the flu virus in a cell line drawn from caterpillars. In the study funded by the company of 460 healthy people ages 18 to 49, one-third of the participants received a smaller dose of the vaccine (75 mic...

Cold sore virus might play role in Alzheimer's disease

... the form of herpes ?herpes simplex 1 or HSV ?that infects more than 80 percent of Americans and causes cold sores around the mouth. The findings from a group at the University of Rochester Medical Center show that the particular form of the gene that puts people at risk also creates a fertile environment fo...

Yale biologists 'trick' viruses into extinction

...e HIV. He notes that HIV recognizes the T-cells it infects by CD4 molecules on the cell surface, but it then requires functions of the cell nucleus to reproduce. Current anti-HIV therapies are designed to maintain high T-cell counts in the human body, so that the immune system can properly function. But, the...

New study may show how to forestall a fatal, virus-caused immune-system meltdown

When a virus infects a person, it triggers a series of biochemical reactions in immune-system cells that literally may have life or death consequences. Usually, the result is an effective immune response, leading to the elimination of the virus and the infected person’...

Viral protein is an effective preventative against infection

... mice a lysin ?a protein derived from a virus that infects bacteria. The new technology may prevent children with the flu from developing secondary ear infections and would be an attractive alternative to traditional antibiotics, to which bacteria are rapidly becoming resistant. The bacteria that cause mi...

Bird flu -- Call for antiviral drugs to be shared

...easure of how many people an infectious individual infects on average) of the new virus that emerges. If this number is low, it will take many months before the virus spreads w orldwide and there will be plenty of time to bring an effective vaccine into use. But if the number is high then it could be difficu...

Protein found that slows hepatitis C growth in liver cells

...cult to treat disease." Hepatitis C chronically infects approximately 170 million people worldwide. The most effective treatment for the virus, interferon-based therapy, eradicates the virus less than 50 percent of the time and causes debilitating side effects. Those for whom that treatment fails are at h...

Common parasitic infection leads to increased risk for HIV infection

...sis, caused by the parasite, Trichomonas vaginalis infects more than 170 million people worldwide each year. On its own, it usually does not cause serious complications. Some men may experience a mild burning sensation or discharge. Some women may have a frothy, strong-smelling yellow green discharge, and ma...

New approach could lower antibiotic requirements by 50 times

... that certain bacteriophages, a type of virus that infects bacteria, can boost the effectiveness of antibiotics gentamicin, gramacidin or tetracycline. It is the phages' ability to channel through bacterial cell membranes that boosts antibiotic effectiveness. 'Pseudomonas bacteria for example are particula...

New findings could lead to vaccine for severe malaria

... man. It is particularly dangerous in that it also infects the placenta of pregnant women, with fatal consequ...sity in Uganda to study in detail how the parasite infects the placenta. Their results, which are published in the American scientific journal PNAS, can enable...

Brown scientists map structure of DNA-doctoring protein complex

...t work was conducted using the lambda virus, which infects Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria and serves as a model that scientists use to understand mobile DNA. Now scientists in the Landy lab have solved the structure of a DNA-protein complex that acts as a team of "nurses," aiding "-Int during this sn...

Clue found to Epstein-Barr virus' ability to form and sustain tumors

...eople around the world each year. The virus, which infects the immune system's B cells and causes them to grow, is directly responsible for Burkitt's lymphoma, an often-fatal malignancy affecting thousands of African children annually. It is also causally associated with at least four other kinds of human ca...

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