Tag: "infection" at biology news

Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily

...ng this energy should help explain in part how HIV infection occurs so readily,” said Tristram-Nagle. “Our findings definitely will change how theoreticians think about virus-cell interactions. This same phenomenon could provide a general way that viruses use to infect cells, so it will be exciting to look at ...

Genomic Analysis Uncovers New Targets for HIV Vaccine

...multiple blood tests documenting viral loads after infection and before they started receiving antiretroviral treatment. The three polymorphisms were identified after all the blood samples of the selected patients were screened for more than 555,000. Additionally, the researchers discovered many other geneti...

Research identifies protein that signals flowering in squash plants

...r. Analysis of such induced plants showed that the infection zone of ZYMV was not coincident with the plant’s floral meristems, indicating that FT mRNA is unlikely to be the florigenic signal in this system. Next, heterografting studies were conducted using flowering Cucurbita maxima (pumpkin) stocks (the stoc...

The insect vector always bites twice

... obtained showed that they differ depending on the infection status of the subjects (exposed uninfected/infected) and the vector or non-vector status of the Glossinia. Hence, immunogenic proteins specific for two Glossinia species investigated (a 42 kDa protein in G. fuscipes fuscipes, and 50, 55, 65 and 72 kD...

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...1 million deaths out of 300 million acute cases of infection each year. Most of these deaths occur in young chi...shrub were the only options available to treat the infection until World War II, when both Germany and the United States started massive drug discovery programs ...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

...tients. But when I saw this patient, this type of infection had never been seen at UCSF, and the bacterium causing the infection was unknown.” Koehler’s group went on to discover that two different Bartonella species can caus...

Herpes virus hijacks DNA repair process

...3, 2007 -- Scientists probing the details of viral infection have discovered an intriguing surprise: in mice, h...rates to plummet. "We don't want to treat viral infection by blocking DNA damage response systemically because this process is used constantly throughout the ...

Potent possibilities for parasite attack

...n determining which type of disease develops after infection and the host genome plays a major role in clinical outcome." The results picked up another surprising finding: the team could assign a function to only one-third of the 200 genes restricted to one or two of the species. "The genome sequences h...

Blood-brain barrier breached by new therapeutic strategy

...fering RNA (siRNA), was shown to protect mice from infection caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Manjunath N. Swamy, M.D., of the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research and Harvard Medical School in Boston, and his colleagues used JEV to infect the brains of mice. They then injected the antiviral...

Researchers discover 'acquired' DNA key to certain bacterial infection

... be increasing. In contrast, the incidence of lung infection in patients with chronic lung diseases and cystic fibrosis is increasing. Understanding the mechanism by how M. avium penetrates the macrophage and infects humans may eventually lead to interventions that can prevent, or at least, reduce the chanc...

How 'memory' T cells curb the spread of viruses throughout the body

...nate the virus at the time of infection. After the infection subsides, most of the lymphocytes die but some remain in the body as “memory lymphocytes” and protect the body from recurrence of the disease. Similarly, vaccines induce the production of memory lymphocytes, but without causing disease. While scie...

Male circumcision overstated as prevention tool against AIDS

... they have each year, can act as an engine driving infection rates to unusually high levels in the general popu...lly significant in explaining the variance in AIDS infection rates across the countries of the World. Second, to date, there has not been an adequate explanat...

Ancient retrovirus sheds light on modern pandemic

...esponsible for the susceptibility of humans to HIV infection today. These findings, reported by a team of rese...ide a better understanding of this modern pandemic infection through the study of an ancient virus called Pan troglodytes endogenous retrovirus, or PtERV1. "T...

Experts predict Tamiflu could halve the pandemic influenza death toll versus no intervention

...r treating symptomatic patients and for preventing infection in people exposed to these patients (household contacts and school/work contacts), illness attack rates and deaths could potentially be reduced by more than half when compared to no intervention. This equates to a cost saving of $70,000 per 1,000 pop...

New vaccine prevents CMV infection and disease in mice

...ne to prevent against Human Cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection and disease. CMV, a type of herpes virus, is th...he body’s natural immunity doesn’t protect against infection by the virus, estimated to be present in 50 to 75 percent of all adults. “Until now, scientists...

Avian influenza survivors' antibodies effective at neutralising H5N1 strain

...of the H5N1 virus are effective at both preventing infection in mice and neutralising the virus in those alread... this technique can work to prevent and neutralise infection by the H5N1 'bird flu' virus in mice," says Dr Cameron Simmons, a Wellcome Trust researcher at the O...

HIV and malaria combine to adversely affect pregnant women and their infants

...ction against malaria during pregnancy and how HIV infection impairs that protection. By understanding how they lost protection in the face of HIV we learned how they acquired protection against malaria in the first place." PAM occurs when red blood cells infected with malaria parasites gather in the place...

Cytomegalovirus exacerbates atherosclerosis through an autoimmune mechanism

...onfirms the pivotal role played by Cytomegalovirus infection in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Atheroscl... study on the relationship between Cytomegalovirus infection and atherosclerosis, conducted by Prof. Roberto Corrocher and Claudio Lunardi from the University of...

Resistant HIV quickly hides in infants' cells

...mon class of antiretroviral drug used to treat HIV infection and to prevent mother-to-child transmission. All h...use PIs are the first-line drugs used to treat HIV infection in infants in the United States, PI-containing treatment was still effective in controlling the NNRT...

Peramivir protects mice from lethal H5N1 infection

...s treating the infected mice within 24 hours after infection with H5N1 and continuing the treatment for eight d...in. "Peramivir should be given as soon as H5N1 infection is suspected, since onset of symptoms in infected humans can be delayed," said David A. Boltz, Ph.D....

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