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Tag: "infecting" at biology news

Chemical guidance of T cells leads to immunologic memory and long-term immunity

...ion, CD8+ T cells that recognize antigens from the infecting pathogen are activated. These antigen-specific CD8+ T cells expand into a large population of active clones, which then sweep through the body, hunting down and killing infected cells. For CD8+ T-cell activation to occur in the lymph node, the cell...

Scientists design potent anthrax toxin inhibitor

...est the action of their inhibitor in animals after infecting them with B. anthracis and allowing the disease process to begin. They also will evaluate the inhibitor with and without adjunct antibiotic therapy. ...

MIT: Oceans are a major gene swap-meet for plankton

...n to exist in seawater, some of which are adept at infecting ocean microbes such as Prochlorococcus. Such viruses, which carry genes of their own and sometimes transport odd genes picked up from an earlier host, are the most likely means of exchange - a natural way to get genes out of old cells and into new on...

Ocean virus identified in human blood samples

...rine community where it can replicate and recycle, infecting and sometimes causing health problems in seals, sea lions, whales, and perhaps fish, shellfish and other species. In general, the marine environment is "a relatively under-explored potential reservoir of human pathogens," the researchers said in thei...

Scientists discover interplay between genes and viruses in tiny ocean plankton

...wn to exist in seawater. Some of them are adept at infecting ocean microbes like Prochlorococcus, the sea's most abundant plankton species. The ocean viruses, which carry their own genes as well as transport others, provide a way of transferring genes from old cells into new ones. "We're beginning to get a pi...

Enzyme inhibitors block replication of SARS virus

...s SARS 3CLpro, and effectively stop the virus from infecting additional cells in the body. In 2004, Wong's lab discovered that Lopinavir, a protease inhibitor of HIV also known as TL3, also served as weak inhibitor of the SARS 3CLpro site (PNAS, 101, 10012-10017). Since then, members of Wong's group further ...

MRSA use amoeba to spread, new research shows

...of the measures introduced to combat its spread by infecting a common single-celled organism found almost every... from research on other pathogens suggests that by infecting amoeba first, MRSA may emerge more virulent and more resistant to antibiotics when it infects humans...

Performing monkeys in Asia carry viruses that could jump species to humans

... carrying several retroviruses that are capable of infecting people, according to a new study led by University of Washington researchers. The results indicate that contact with performing monkeys, which is common in many Asian countries, could represent a little-known path for viruses to jump the species barr...

New U. of Colorado at Boulder flu chip may help combat future epidemics, pandemics

.... Current methods for characterizing flu subtypes infecting patients take about four days. The Flu Chip is expected to be in wide use in laboratories within a year, said Rowlen, who has led the two-year CU-Boulder research effort. Rowlen, who is working on the Flu Chip development with CU-Boulder chemistry ...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

...se studies confirmed that the virus was capable of infecting all nuclei comprising the vomeronasal system. Next, the researchers postulated that one should be able to identify functional correlates of the anatomical circuit linking olfactory neurons and LHRH-producing neurons. They studied the sexual behavior...

Plant defenses prompt bacterial countermeasure in the form of 'island' DNA excision

...evidence to explain how bacteria in the process of infecting a plant can shift molecular gears by excising specific genes from its genome to overcome the host plant's specific defenses. Throughout evolution ?in the wild and in crops cultivated by humans ?plants have developed systems for resisting the attack ...

New genetic test can detect clam disease

...f the beds. The disease spreads from clam to clam, infecting the clam by secreting a thick mucus layer to insulate itself from the clam's immune system. Rebecca Gast, an associate scientist in the Biology Department at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), has developed a genetic test to detect the org...

New vaccine platform may fight infections with causes from influenza to bioterrorism

...ecognize the same fragment expressed on the on the infecting organism the antibodies give phagocytic cells the OK to consume, or eliminate, the pathogen. Through their studies, the researchers discovered a particularly potent fragment of pneumocystis, the kexin molecule, which when isolated yielded greater ant...

Living anti-HIV gel shows early promise

...em produce a protein that stops the HIV virus from infecting cells. They say that allowing these bacteria to colonise the internal body surfaces where HIV transmission can occur through sexual activity, could offer cost-effective, efficient and long-lasting protection against the virus. The team, led by Srin...

Updated data on novel HPV vaccine confirms efficacy in large population

...e of cervical cancers and other related illnesses, infecting more than 20 million Americans. Globally, cervical cancer is among the leading cancers in women, with an estimated 470,000 new cases every year, disproportionately within the developing world, and the availability of a vaccine to prevent the disease...

Researcher at UGA College of Veterinary Medicine identifies new way of combating viral diseases

...cell keeps these four viruses from reproducing and infecting other cells. Most antiviral therapies target the virus itself, but viruses are quick to adapt to the body's attempts to disable them, Hodge explained. They can mutate rapidly and develop resistance to almost any antiviral compound. By focusing on t...

Learning how SARS spikes its quarry

...al for determining how the SARS virus adapted from infecting only civets to infecting humans. "Both of these critical amino acids turned out to be right in the middle of the interface ...

Mosquito study shows new, faster way West Nile can spread

...f the disease," Higgs said. "Instead of only birds infecting mosquitoes, all sorts of animals may be involved, and transmission could be happening much faster because you don't have to wait for a high viremia." ...

Visceral Leishmaniasis: Successful Vaccine Trial In Dogs

...s macrophages to get rid of the parasites that are infecting them. The animal thus acquires long-term protection against visceral leishmaniasis. Although this vaccine’s effectiveness has been shown only on a limited number of animals, it is a further step towards protection of dogs against this disease. These...

Researchers create infectious hepatitis C virus in a test tube

...o exist in a form outside the host cell capable of infecting new cells," says first author Brett Lindenbach, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow in Rice's lab. "Our method replicates and produces virus particles that can infect new cells, initiating replication in them and leading to the production of more virus part...

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