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Tag: "infect" at biology news

New drug blocks influenza, including bird flu virus

...f its host, thwarting its ability to replicate and infect more cells. The new finding is important because... cells where they make new infectious particles to infect yet more cells in a cascade of infection. The scientific team emphasized that while the new drug s...

Researchers develop technologies to devour food pathogens

...ematic because it only takes as few as 10 cells to infect humans. Other pathogens, like salmonella, need thousands or millions of cells to cause infection. As of Sept. 26, 183 cases of illness were reported due to spinach contamination with a virulent strain of E. coli. "What is happening is unacceptabl...

Transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria linked to previous intensive care unit room occupants

... whether levels of the bacteria are high enough to infect additional patients or whether currently mandated cleaning practices are effective in reducing bacterial spread. "Although high-risk rooms may exist because of difficult-to-clean design or poor placement of hand hygiene equipment, transmission may b...

HIV gets a makeover

... original by about 10 percent, but can effectively infect primate cells and be used to test potential therapies. "If we can make this virus work in animals the way it works in tissue culture, it will likely change the way that AIDS vaccine and therapeutics research is done," Bieniasz says....

Scientists find mutations that let bird flu adapt to humans

...netic changes are required for the virus to easily infect human cells, it may be possible to detect the emer...s have demonstrated an ability to evolve to easily infect humans by exchanging genes with human viruses that subsequently permit them to recognize human recep...

HIV exploits competition among T-cells

..., occurs when several viral strains simultaneously infect one person. In this case, T cells compete to recognize the different strains. The winners ?the T cells that the body produces in mass quantities to fight the disease ?are the ones with the best overall record against the most recogniztable strains. A...

Flu shot effective against drifted influenza, nasal spray vaccine less so

... that the live attenuated virus may have failed to infect their nasal passages and initiate an immune response as it is intended to do. However, both still believe that the nasal spray is very effective in children and may be more effective than the killed vaccine in the young. "FluMist works very well i...

Caterpillars tell us how bacteria cause disease

... called Photorhabdus asymbiotica which is known to infect both insects and humans. Dr Waterfield and his team have fragmented the genome for this bacteria and created a DNA library of over 1,500 separate cloned fragments ?which covers most of the genome. They then inject the clones into Tobacco Hawkmoth Cat...

Common cold virus leads to death in lung transplant patients

...ce and for all the argument that rhinovirus cannot infect the lower airways. Although interesting new data suggest that rhinoviruses may induce proinflammatory responses in lung cells independent of viral replication, replication is almost certainly required for a maximal response. However, until the presen...

Human testis harbors HIV-1 in resident immune cells

...re was fully active as collected virus was able to infect permissive cells in culture. The finding that HIV-1 can replicate within testicular macrophages is significant because the testis represents a pharmacological sanctuary—many anti-retroviral drugs have difficulty penetrating this organ and may be ...

Mayo Clinic study suggests that a central nervous system viral infection can lead to memory deficits

...pus region of the mouse's brain. Picornaviruses infect more than one billion people worldwide each year. Generally individuals contract two or three enterovirus and/or rhinovirus infections each year. In some cases the viruses get into the brain, and in some children these viruses can cause long-lasting ...

Study shows how herpes infects cornea, evades immune cells

...res on the mouth, and HSV-2, genital herpes -- can infect the cornea, the clear, domed surface that forms th... virus penetrates the first layer of the cornea to infect an inner layer, the stroma, making the disease much more difficult to treat. Effective treatment i...

Most widely used organic pesticide requires help to kill

...f live E. coli engineered to carry the Bt toxin to infect caterpillars, a lethal treatment whether or not the insect gut contained its normal complement of microbes. However, if the engineered E. coli was killed before administration, it only killed those caterpillars whose microbial gut flora were intact. ...

UGA scientists engineer root-knot nematode resistance

...rasitism gene that's essential for the nematode to infect crops, the scientists have developed a resistance ... gene in the nematode and disrupted its ability to infect plants. "No natural root-knot resistance gene has this effective range of root-knot nematode resist...

Targeted virus compels cancer cells to eat themselves

...such conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAs) infect and kill cancer cells. Autophagy is a protective process that cells employ to consume part of themselves when nutrients are scarce or to destroy some of their organelles to recycle their components. A double membrane forms around the material to be...

St. Jude test of bird flu vaccine proves successful

...n flu viruses that is critical to their ability to infect cells. This variable protein is known to mutate readily, thereby foiling previous immune responses it triggered--whether due to natural exposure or vaccination. The other version of the vaccine contained only the two conserved viral proteins. In th...

New strategy developed to combat West Nile Virus

...merous mosquitoes. A single infected bird can thus infect many more mosquitoes than if conditions were wet a...s that are effective hosts may carry the virus and infect biting mosquitoes for 4-5 days before recovering from the illness. "It is this coming together of f...

Trials for new drug to overcome HIV

...ch helps to assemble the virus into particles that infect other cells. Recent experiments in collaboration with Michael Sakalian and his colleagues at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center in Oklahoma City have shown that PA-457 works in a different way. It attacks HIV by disrupting formation o...

How bad is malaria anemia? It may depend on your genes

...ntually, as red cells break and free plasmodium to infect other cells, and as the body's immune system works to kill infected cells, the total number of red blood cells drops, causing anemia. But not everyone infected with malaria develops severe, lethal anemia. And there are cases where patients who have...

Movie spies on malaria parasite's sneaky behavior

...r, the parasite moves back into the bloodstream to infect and kill red blood cells. The rupturing of blood c...oduces and waits for the mosquito to bite again to infect another person. Researchers have long assumed that the form of the parasite that infects red bloo...

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