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Tag: "infect" at biology news

Bacteria control how infectious they become, study finds

...of genes. These genes let disease-causing bacteria infect their host while at the same time protecting the bacteria from the host's immune defenses. “E. coli seems to prevent RfaH from acting unless the microorganism absolutely needs it,?Artsimovitch said. That's because bacteria like E. coli are caught ...

Secret of worm's poison pill box protein could produce new natural insecticide

...icides. It had been known that nematode worms can infect and kill insect pests with the help of a bacterium which they harbour inside their intestine. The bacterium uses a protein (XptA1) a toxin which helps the nematode to kill and feed on the dead body of the insect. The toxin not only kills the tar...

Scientists find potential 'off-switch' for HIV virus

...ders. On rare occasions, however, a virus will infect the T cell and become dormant. Why this individual viral infection would not begin to replicate when others do remains a mystery. "It's somewhat like the unpopped kernels of corn left in the bottom of the bag when you take it out of the microwave...

Scientists unveil piece of HIV protein that may be key to AIDS vaccine development

...e proteins the virus uses to latch onto a cell and infect it. In 1998, Dr. Kwong and colleagues published the first X-ray snapshot of the core of HIV gp120 as it attaches to a cellular receptor known as CD4. That image gave researchers a glimpse of some sites on the virus that could be targets of drug...

Biologists prove critical step in membrane fusion

... Membrane fusion is also how HIV and other viruses infect cells. But membrane fusion occurs in less than a millisecond, making it difficult to see precisely how it unfolds. Now Brown University biologist Gary Wessel and his laboratory team have seen and recorded a critical step in the process in a live c...

New antibacterials being developed to tackle MRSA superbug

...ng MRSA. The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus can infect wounds, including those resulting from medical procedures conducted in hospitals. It may then spread further into the body and cause serious infections such as blood poisoning. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, is a form of the ba...

Researchers find hepatitis A and hepatitis C attack same protein to block immune defenses

Despite the fact that they both infect the liver, the hepatitis A and hepatitis C viruses actually have very little in common. The two are far apart genetically, are transmitted differently, and produce very different diseases. Hepatitis A spreads through the consumption of fecal particle...

Stopping plants from getting sick

... particularly useful models to study how pathogens infect crop plants. These fungi depend on the infection o...aboratory and isolate the genes that allow them to infect the plant," says Kronstad. "In fact, genomics and computers have made this a lot easier during the l...

Jefferson researchers' discovery may change thinking on how viruses invade the brain

...he LC8 binding domain, the virus was still able to infect the brain, but did not cause disease. The virus?ability to reproduce was greatly diminished. "What we found has nothing to do with transport," Dr. Schnell says. "We saw that the virus was weakened if we removed the LC8 binding site and viral repli...

Discovery of an HIV inhibitor in human blood points to new drug class

...ential role in the ability of HIV to fuse with and infect its host's immune cells. That unique underlying mechanism allowed the inhibitor to remain effective against viral strains that are resistant to other antiretroviral drugs, they found. "Our data support the possibility that VIRIP may contribute to ...

Can engineered immune cells stop AIDS?

...host. By itself, a virus cannot reproduce; it must infect a cell and take control of the host's machinery to...of retrovirus that uses the backbone of a virus to infect both dividing and nondividing cells. Wang says lentiviral vectors are very efficient delivery vehicl...

Whitefly spreads emerging plant viruses

...) for a large group of emerging plant viruses that infect several hundred plant species worldwide. "Once considered an obscure whitefly, B. tabaci is now among the most invasive and economically damaging insects to agriculture, spanning food and fiber crops, and certain nursery grown ornamentals, with the a...

Viral protein is an effective preventative against infection

...ch are proteins derived from viruses that normally infect bacteria. After a virus has infected the bacteria and replicated, it uses lysins to punch holes in the bacteria’s cell wall, killing the bacteria, in order to escape. Fischetti’s lab has studied many different lysins and found that they work even fro...

CSHL research ties harmless viruses to cancer

...stimate that at least 18 of 29 virus families that infect human cells have species that fuse cells, which implies that CIN and cancer might be caused by viruses, even those that are considered harmless. ...

New culture method for hepatitis C virus uses primary hepatocytes and patient serum

... culture systems. Some systems allow the virus to infect cells but do not permit prolonged replication and ...least 2 months, with these virus particles able to infect new cells. In their first experiments, Fausto and colleagues transfected hepatocyte cultures wit...

New UD technology removes viruses from drinking water

...extended periods. Two bacteriophages--viruses that infect bacteria--were used in the initial lab studies. Since then, Kniel has been documenting the technology's effectiveness against human pathogens including E. coli 0157:H7, hepatitis A, norovirus and rotavirus. Rotavirus is the number-one cause of diar...

MRSA toxin acquitted: Study clears suspected key to severe bacterial illness

... strains have enhanced virulence, meaning they can infect otherwise healthy people. One of the biggest problems with CA-MRSA skin infections is that they spread rapidly and have the potential to cause illness much more severe than traditional hospital-associated MRSA infections, where PVL is less common. Th...

New findings could lead to vaccine for severe malaria

...e most virulent of the four malaria parasites that infect man. It is particularly dangerous in that it also infects the placenta of pregnant women, with fatal consequences for both her and the foetus. This, combined with the often feeble medical resources of malaria-stricken countries, can lead to such sero...

Einstein researchers demonstrate a novel approach to treating AIDS

... if several days have passed, the virus is able to infect enough cells to cause a chronic HIV infection. By combining HAART with radioimmunotherapy, we may be able to prevent lifelong infection in these people by eliminating those initially infected cells." Clinical trials using radioimmunotherapy for tre...

Ocean sampling yields environmental sources of coral symbionts

...c substrates (that is, on algae and sediments) can infect new coral polyps. These isolates are therefore capable of establishing symbioses with corals and thus point to environmental sources of symbionts that may prove important in the recovery of reef-building corals after bleaching events. ...

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