Tag: "induces" at biology news

Hormone helps mice 'hibernate,' survive starvation

...o burning stored fats instead of carbohydrates and induces a hibernation-like state of decreased body temperature and physical activity, all geared to promote survival. “This hormone changes the metabolism and behavior of mice in the face of inadequate nutrition,” said Dr. Steven Kliewer, professor of mol...

Researchers shed light on mechanism of action used by anti-cancer drug

...team found that in human leukemia cells, sorafenib induces a process known as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which results from accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER. The ER is a subcellular structure which plays a key role in cellular protein disposition. When stressed in this way, the cell respo...

Anthrax paralyzes immune cells with lethal toxin, UF research shows

...study actin because it commandeers human cells and induces them to form the filaments, which the bacteria use to navigate around the body. "We used one bacterium to weed out another. I'm not aware of anyone ever doing that," Southwick said. "In an individual cell, you can't figure out where the actin is a...

Dinosaur hearing, listening to muscle noise, quieter cubicles

... leading indicator of malignancy. By contrast, VA induces a small-scale vibration in the tissue, and it is this low-frequency signal that provides the crucial information about tissue stiffness. Azra Alizad ( aza@mayo.edu ), who works at the Mayo Clinic, the pioneer in vibro-acoustography research, says th...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

...give high priority to creating an HIV vaccine that induces broadly neutralizing antibodies, which might prevent the establishment of HIV infection. Although rare, such antibodies do exist, giving hope to scientists that a vaccine to induce such antibodies can be designed. Drs. Johnston and Fauci conclude...

Leukemia drug turns mini-molecules up, cancer genes down

...tamin A used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia induces changes in an unusual class of small molecules cal...verall," Garzon says, "our findings show that ATRA induces the expression of these three miRNAs, and through them regulates genes that need to be silenced for ...

Researchers wake up viruses inside tumors to image and then destroy cancers

...s. "Velcade is a proteasome inhibitor, but it also induces the lytic cycle thereby activating the TK in the Epstein-Barr virus. Once the TK is activated, we can image the tumors." To test their findings, the researchers used mice carrying human Burkitt's lymphoma, a cancer often associated with Epstein-B...

Study shows isolation of stem cells may lead to a treatment for hearing loss

... of sound. We hear this sound because this motion induces the hair cell to release an electrical impulse which passes along the auditory nerve to the brain. If the sound is too loud, the hair cells are damaged and no longer send signals to the brain. Severely damaged hair cells do not repair themselves no...

Power-boosting signal in muscle declines with age

... exposure through feeding of another chemical that induces AMPK by mimicking an energy shortage, and exercise. In every case, older rats showed a decline in AMPK activity compared to younger animals. Young rats infused with a stimulatory chemical showed an increase in muscular AMPK activity not seen in o...

Anti-wrinkle compound causes pathological reaction in skin cells

...rceau’s team revealed that the application of DMAE induces a quick and spectacular swelling of skin cell vacuoles called fibroblasts, which act as reservoirs and interface between the inside and the outside of the cell. In the hours following the application of DMAE, the researchers observed an important ...

Microbes start immune response by sneaking inside cells

... signals the immune system to attack pathogens and induces fever to help the body fend off infection. IL-1beta plays an important role, too, in excessive immune system activity in inflammatory diseases. The researchers report in the new paper how cryopyrin is activated to start the process. In experiment...

Manipulating nature: Scientists query wildlife birth-control method

...st commonly used adjuvant, Freund's adjuvant, also induces a range of undesirable side-effects and its use is being challenged on animal-welfare grounds." ...

Mechanisms involved with tumor relapse identified

...e to offer a new polypeptide vaccine approach that induces tumor killing without causing HER-2/neu loss. Loss of HER-2/neu is a mechanism that tumors utilize to escape the immune-mediated destruction," he said. Since 2000, Manjili and his colleagues have been employing animal models of breast cancer to ev...

Bioluminescence at the service of a novel cerebral imaging technique

...r learning and olfactory memory in the Drosophila) induces a secondary response which is delayed by about 10 to 15 minutes at the level of neuronal axonal projections. It is therefore probable that this new response (hitherto totally unsuspected) intervenes in learning and memory phenomena. Furthermore...

Finnish scientists discovered a new approach to treat virus-induced lymphomas

...disrupts the p53-MDM2-LANA complex and selectively induces massive apoptosis in PEL cells. The cytotoxic effect of Nutlin-3a was specific for the KSHV-infected cells since Nutlin-3a did not induce apoptosis in lymphoblastoid cell lines transformed with another human tumor virus, the Epstein-Barr virus, despi...

Stretching DNA to the limit

... with increasing exposure to UV light. UV light induces the crosslinking of the constituent DNA bases within the polynucleotide chains, as well as causes the formation of lesions by linking together the adjacent strands. The small changes in structure induced by this crosslinking can very profoundly affec...

Reactivated gene shrinks tumors

...A from dividing. If DNA damage is irreparable, p53 induces the cell to destroy itself by undergoing apoptosis, or programmed cell death. When p53 is turned off by mutation or deletion, cells are much more likely to become cancerous, because they will divide uncontrollably even when DNA is damaged. In t...

New insights into autoimmunity and depression

...ucidating the mechanisms by which anti-ribosomal P induces behavioral changes may lead to novel therapeutic advances for SLE patients with depression," Dr. Shoenfeld reflects....

Encouraging results in pancreatic cancer research

...owth. The researchers previously found that PNC-28 induces death of a variety of human tumor cell lines, including a pancreatic cancer cell line, while not harming healthy cells. The research team has now given PNC-28 to laboratory animals to test its ability to block the growth of pancreatic cancer cells....

Stem cells engage in dialogue with the cells that regulate their futures

...o maintain an active niche, and in turn, the niche induces and maintains the fate of the stem cells," Ruohola-Baker noted. "This is a first indication of a dialogue taking place between the stem cells and the niche that supports them. It is tempting to speculate that maybe multiple potential niches exist for...

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