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Tag: "individuals" at biology news

HIV dementia alarmingly high in Africa

...al, Makerere University, and 100 were HIV-negative individuals recruited from the AIDs Information Center who were used to obtain normative data for the cognitive tests. In diagnosing HIV dementia, researchers looked at medical history and the results of a series of comprehensive neurological and neuropsychol...

The great escape -- fleeing fish fall in line

...cape. This implies that in a given school certain individuals may have a greater influence on the escape strategies of the whole school.? Researchers are keen to explore whether the tendency to keep a fixed chronological order of escape corresponds to a leadership maintained over a relatively long period of t...

Huddling and a drop in metabolism allow penguins to survive the South Pole cold

...re of these birds although the body temperature of individuals exposed to only 20°C in the laboratory goes up to 40-41°C. The team believes that a possible explanation for the constancy (or slight decrease) of core temperature inside the dense huddles, in contrast to the expected temperature rise, is the depress...

Researchers show that veins stiffen as we age

...lts who already have the disease. However, several individuals already have been identified for the study, and the team hopes to have data to report in the next six months. This research is both literally and figuratively "close to the heart" for Farquhar. He said he has always had an interest in cardiology an...

Monoclonal antibody reduces exacerbations in asthmatics

...ced significantly fewer disease exacerbations than individuals taking a placebo. This research appears in the first issue for October 2006 of the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, published by the American Thoracic Society. Trevor T. Hansel, M.D., Ph.D., of the National Heart and Lung...

Early-stage immune system control of HIV may depend on inherited factors

...working on a follow-up study with samples from 500 individuals to further investigate the impact of HLA Class I on the control of HIV replication. ...

Novel experiment documents evolution of genome in near-real time

...on and the related process of natural selection of individuals with traits that convey a selective survival advantage. "Opinion surveys indicate that many people don't believe that evolution occurs," said Herring, "but if the skeptics could witness evolution actually occurring, as we did, I think they'd be more ...

Power emerges from consensus in monkey social networks

Research on communication typically focuses on how individuals use signals to influence the behavior of receivers... received multiple subordination signals from many individuals ?in the case of pigtailed macaque monkeys, a silent bared-teeth display. On the other hand, there is...

Gene linked with mental illness shapes brain region, researchers find

...ver, that the entire brain is not simply larger in individuals carrying two copies of the SERT-s gene. Similar studies in other areas of the brain have found that the SERT-s gene is associated with certain areas of the brain being smaller. "The brain is wired differently in people who have depression, and pr...

New brain-chemistry differences found in depressed women

...e findings also show significant variation between individuals with depression ?variation that seems to be linked to whether or not the patients respond to an antidepressant medication. The study, performed by researchers at the University of Michigan Medical School affiliated with the U-M Depression Center,...

Older fathers more likely to have autistic children

...able for 132,271 of those. Two hundred and eight individuals in the larger group (a rate of 6.5 per 10,000) and 110 in the group with both maternal and paternal ages (8.3 per 10,000) had a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, according to the information in the draft board registry. Among the paternal age g...

New clues to how sex evolves

...tes, which have two X chromosomes (XX), while some individuals are males with a single X chromosome (X0). The reproductive organs contain about half of the cells in an adult worm, and the process of meiosis can be observed at every stage, as chromosomes first come together during the pairing process, then later ...

New study finds chocolate chip cookies lower cholesterol

... and cholesterol buildup in the arteries, even for individuals with total cholesterol levels under 200 mg/dl. The randomized, double blind study researched 33 healthy adults with moderately high cholesterol between the ages 35?5 at the University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. Participants were randomly assigned...

Cities change the songs of birds

... fewer low-frequency song notes compared to nearby individuals in quieter territories. That single-population study, in Leiden, The Netherlands, included only urban birds, but territory conditions ranged from very quiet to very noisy. The earlier study predicted the possibility that in general, great tits in noi...

An AIDS-related virus tricks cells to become tumors, new Penn study finds

...V is an opportunistic pathogen that rarely affects individuals with normal immune systems. However, HIV/AIDS patients and those who are immune suppressed such as organ transplant patients are at high risk for developing Kaposi's sarcoma and another cancer called primary effusion lymphoma. The study describes...

Road-crossing in chimpanzees: A risky business

... adaptive, and cooperative responses by a group of individuals facing risk. The research is reported by Kimberley...nization. Progression order--the order in which individuals travel within a group--was studied in the small community of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) at ...

A buffet for early human relatives

...write. "Another possible explanation is that these individuals were migrating between more wooded habitats and more open savannas." Cerling says the study "shows that our early human relatives were able to eat a varied diet and therefore were more adaptable in savanna environments than other primates which h...

To slow AIDS in Russia, treat HIV-positive addicts, Stanford study says

...ibility and increased life expectancy of infected individuals on antiretroviral medication. The researchers examined the hypothetical impact of treating only non-drug users, treating only addicts, treating both groups or maintaining the status quo. Owens called the approach a "thought experiment," designed...

Studies look at how genes affect antipsychotic drug response

...ding risperidone pharmacogenetics and whether some individuals are at a higher risk for side effects is an important step in this process," he said. Risperidone is widely prescribed to treat bipolar disorder in children, accounting for half of all atypical antipsychotic prescriptions in pediatric psychiatry. A...

Genetic surprise confirms neglected 70-year-old evolutionary hypothesis

...und in the genome, a population can begin creating individuals that can't successfully mate with the general population. If other speciation pressures, like geographic isolation, are added to the mix, the pressure may be enough to split one species into two new species. When asked if JYAlpha may be responsible ...

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