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Tag: "individuals" at biology news

A cherry on top: Tart cherries may alter heart/diabetes factors

... cherries in humans. The study will enroll healthy individuals who will spend a night at the U-M General Clinical Research Center, and have their blood tested multiple times to look for the breakdown products of cherries. ...

'Personality-gene' makes songbirds curious

...D4 gene show a stronger exploratory behaviour than individuals with other variants (Proceedings of the Royal Soci...ficant association between the SNP830-genotypes of individuals and variation in their level of curiosity. "The personality trait can be an important predictor o...

US control strategies may make flu epidemics worse, UCLA study shows

...e to provide several years of free vaccinations to individuals who pay for only one year. Interestingly, however,...e immunity ?a flu shot ?lasts only one year. Thus, individuals must decide each year whether or not to participate in a vaccination program. The model Blower's...

8 plants from South Africa may hold potential for treating high blood pressure

...g blood pressure. Since the number of hypertensive individuals around the world is on the rise, it is worthwhile to pursue further studies involving this extract. Yesterday's folk remedies may one day be just what the 21st century doctor orders. ...

Traumas like Sept. 11 make brains more reactive to fear

...se who were close to the World Trade Center. These individuals tended to still experience lingering symptoms that were not severe enough to be diagnosed as a mental disorder. Those with lingering symptoms showed significantly more sensitive emotional reactions in the brain when stimulated by photographs of fearf...

Risk of lymphoma increases with hepatitis C virus infection

...r research suggests that screening of HCV-infected individuals could identify conditions which may lead to cancer. It might then be possible to prevent progression to lymphoma," said investigator Eric A. Engels, M.D., from the Viral Epidemiology Branch of NCI's Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics. "Mo...

Survival of the rarest: Fruit flies shed light on the evolution of behavior

...Canada Research Chair in Genetics. "In some cases, individuals with characteristics that differ from the rest of the population are more likely to survive since their rarity makes them less conspicuous to predators. However, to date we haven't understood this type of survival advantage at the level of the gene."...

World's leading scientists announce creation of 'Encyclopedia of Life'

... An international advisory board of distinguished individuals will also help guide the Encyclopedia. The effort is spurred by a $10 million grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and $2.5 million from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, and will ultimately serve as a global beacon for biodi...

DNA-damage test could aid drug development

...est might offer a new way to examine how different individuals respond to chemotherapeutic agents. "The presumption is that, for some biological processes, in vitro human models could be closer to in vivo human than in vivo mouse," notes Shuga. "That premise will be tested in coming years as new systems becom...

Female-led infanticide in wild chimpanzees

...en years prior to the infanticide observations (42 individuals in 1996 to 75 in 2006), and that there had been an influx of at least 13 females with dependent offspring since 2001. The population changes resulted in a highly skewed male:female sex ratio of 1:3, with relatively few males available to increase the...

Implanting dopamine generators in brain cells obtains improvement in Parkinson's in monkeys

...rchers, given that, this was not observed in those individuals receiving injections of saline serum instead of the cellular aggregates. The fact that the injection into the striate area of neurotrophic factors (those that favour cell growth), such as GDNF, also causes a significant increase in dopaminergic ne...

Growing nerve cells in 3-D dramatically affects gene expression

... the culture conditions. Team members even counted individuals cells as they went into the dishes to be sure that each dish contained precisely the same amount. After a day of growth, the researchers extracted RNA from the cells and conducted a microarray analysis to determine differences in gene activity. Th...

DNA analysis suggests under-reported kills of threatened whales

...six weeks, at most, we should have found far fewer individuals ?or the number of whales killed is actually much greater than is being reported." To estimate the true number of whales in trade, the researchers used a novel model for "capture-recapture" analysis ?characterized by DNA profiles from each slice of...

Individuals and populations differ in gene activity levels, not just genes

...ividual letters in the genetic code change between individuals and between different populations. However, this s... to look at the variation in gene activity between individuals and populations. The researchers found many differences in gene-expression levels, and that abou...

Man's best friend lends insight into human evolution

...y drawing inferences about the intentions of other individuals in order to cooperate in complex tasks is a basic ...ve problems by their impulse to fear more dominant individuals and behave aggressively toward more subordinate ones. "Taken together," Hare writes, "the result...

Risk of HIV transmission highest early in infection

... portion of HIV acquisition could be attributed to individuals transmitting the virus who were themselves in the ...h early HIV infection is what makes newly infected individuals so infectious, according to Drs. Brenner and Wainberg. In an editorial accompanying the article, au...

Stanford-led study closes in on genes that may predispose some people to severe depression

... is an even more detailed look at more than 2,000 individuals to identify specific genes where there are variations that increase the risk of severe depression, including closer study of the suspicious area of chromosome 15. ...

Heart failure: Intervention possibilities from imaging programmed cell loss

...al cells—may help in early identification of those individuals who are at risk of developing heart failure, say researchers in the April Journal of Nuclear Medicine. "Our study indicates that it is feasible to noninvasively identify cell loss—or apoptosis—in heart failure patients using annexin A5 imaging," exp...

30+ AIDS vaccine clinical trials in 24 countries, research occurring on every continent

...ast year—bringing the total number of HIV-infected individuals to 40 million people worldwide. Explosive HIV epidemics also continue in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Throughout the world, a preventive AIDS vaccine remains one of the greatest hopes for stemming the pandemic. ...

In obesity, brain becomes 'unaware' of fat

...as a potential obesity cure, Cowley said. If obese individuals lacked normal leptin levels, simply restoring the ...t rather a lack of leptin response. In fact, obese individuals tend to have high levels of circulating leptin. “They have enough, but it’s not doing its job,?Co...

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