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Tag: "individual" at biology news

From a lowly yeast, researchers divine a clue to human disease

...n an organism contains a complete set of DNA, each individual cell uses only a small fraction of that informatio...st, says Brow, researchers looked at regulation of individual genes but not the whole genome at once. Using yeast, a small and relatively simple organism, the Wi...

Scientists win grants to develop $1,000 genome sequencing technology

...ies to simultaneously sequence more than 1 billion individual pieces of DNA attached to the surface of single sl... human chromosomes extracted from the cells of one individual involves cutting the DNA into tens of millions to hundreds of millions of pieces, and Pevzner is dev...

Knockout Mouse Project

...altered mice for a study to understand the role of individual genes in human health. Other members of the team represent the School of Veterinary Science at the University of California, Davis and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in Hinxton, England. The National Institutes of Health (NIH), announced the s...

Proteins may behave differently in natural environments

...ts to take very detailed two-dimensional images of individual molecules in a native-like environment. Then, using computers and the science of computational biology, they assemble tens of thousands of such images into three-dimensional models that demonstrate the dynamics of the proteins. When Ludtke and his...

Embryonic patterning makes the feathers fly

...em to continually observe cell movements and track individual cells using fluorescent markers. The results were recorded in real time by time-lapse video microscopy. The resulting chicken feather movie resolved the question: the FGF/MAPK pathway acted through the mesenchyme. Analyses of fluorescent-labeled ...

Unraveling where chimp and human brains diverge

...usands of genes, the UCLA team identified not just individual genes, but entire networks of interconnected genes whose expression patterns within the brains of humans varied from those in the chimpanzee. "Genes don't operate in isolation ?each functions within a system of related genes," said first author M...

Some butterflies travel farther, reproduce faster

...d. Some of the patches are farther apart than most individual butterflies can migrate, Fescemyer said. Each ye...d to become butterflies and periodically collected individual butterflies to determine the number of mature eggs they carried. "The females from the new patches...

Nanoparticle assembly enters the fast lane

...ynthetic DNA used in the laboratory is capped onto individual gold nanoparticles and customized to recognize and bind to complementary DNA located on other particles. This process forms clusters, or aggregates, of gold particles. "It's really by design," Maye said. "We can sit down with a piece of paper, wr...

Plant-derived molecules, genetic manipulation point to future chemoprevention methods

...tudies indicate that CDDO-ME and LG100268, even as individual drugs, can delay tumor development in living organisms. But the combination of the triterpenoid and rexinoid compounds was particularly powerful. This synergy could hold the key to prevention of breast cancer and should be considered for future clini...

Molecular 'signature' protects cells from viruses

...n the cell nucleus it reaches the cell plasma. The individual parts of the desired protein are put together there on a kind of assembly line. In this process the assembly line follows exactly the blueprint which is stored in the relevant RNA. This method has an Achilles heel: 'enemies' can misuse the assembly ...

Leading reason for corneal transplants comes into focus

...despread form of Fuchs, not just the rare types in individual families. Our methods have clearly shown that Fuchs is not just one disease, but rather a disorder with several genetic flavors." Gottsch became interested in FCD more than six years ago when he treated a woman with a corneal dystrophy of unknown...

Spelling out cancer on the nanoscale

...tment, allowing clinicians to tailor treatments to individual patients. Finally, we provide a high throughput method to identify if new cancer drugs are effective at targeting specific oncoproteins." ...

Nanotech tools yield DNA transcription breakthrough

...These methods enabled us to analyze and manipulate individual molecules of the machine, one-by-one, as they carried out reactions." The discoveries significantly advance our understanding of the structure and function of the molecular machine that carries out transcription, setting the stage for new opportun...

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

...ncy allowing high-gamma-related neural activity in individual neurons to transmit information," said Knight. "Wh...combine brain grid recordings with recordings from individual neurons in the cortex to find out what really generates the brain waves that EEGs and ECoGs measure....

Brain regions do not communicate efficiently in adults with autism

...ggest impairments in communication at the level of individual brain cells. This over and under abundance of neural connections suggests inefficient and inconsistent communication inside the brains of people with autism and may explain some of the deficits shown by people who have the disorder. The res...

Wild tigers need cat food

...Nichols from USGS, used remote cameras to identify individual tigers and then accurately estimate population trends in the park. Tigers can produce between 3-4 cubs per litter every 2-3 years. Unfortunately, in other parts of the tiger’s range, relentless poaching of the big cats and their prey has caused n...

Jefferson scientists find high glucose before surgery raises risk of dangerous complications

...gists in Chicago. "These data suggest that if an individual has high blood glucose and is coming for surgery, he or she should correct it first and probably postpone the surgery," says Dr. Mraovic. Physicians should also be aware of these risks, he notes, and should make it a priority to be sure that patien...

Boston University biomedical engineers win major grant for pursuit of the '$1,000 Genome'

... research aimed at reducing the cost of sequencing individual human genomes to about $1,000. Boston University ...and treat patients more effectively based on their individual genetic profiles. ...

Fighting like a girl or boy determined by gene in fruit flies

...or and modern molecular neuroscience research into individual neurons and synapses. ...

Caterpillars tell us how bacteria cause disease

...out necessarily knowing the biological function of individual genes," Dr Waterfield said. His study focuses on bacteria called Photorhabdus asymbiotica which is known to infect both insects and humans. Dr Waterfield and his team have fragmented the genome for this bacteria and created a DNA library of over 1...

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