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Tag: "individual" at biology news

Chromosomal microarray analysis proves accurate

...remarkably sensitive in detecting abnormalities in individual chromosomes, according to a report that appears online today in the journal Public Library of Science ONE. "Chromosomal microarray analysis is far better at picking up these abnormalities than other common methods," said Dr. Arthur Beaudet, chair of...

Widely used hepatitis B drug spurs HIV drug resistance

...ests that could not quantify the effects of HIV on individual immune cells or detect mutations. Thio believed that the recent patient cases called for a more thorough investigation with more advanced techniques. She and her team combined various concentrations of entecavir with 100,000 human immune cells fr...

Faster, low cost sequencing technologies needed to drive era of personalized medicine

...If you want to develop a technology to sequence an individual genome for $1,000, you have to think about using nanotechnology," said Zhang, associate research professor in the Center for Single Molecule Biophysics at the Biodesign Institute. "The technology is available now to pioneer a new approach to sequenc...

The great escape -- fleeing fish fall in line

...ingly, results suggested that there is a trend for individual fish to maintain a given rank, indicating that the chronological order of escape responses within a school is maintained in successive startle events. Head of the research group Dr Paolo Domenici stated, “Our work is the first to show that fish m...

Researchers show that veins stiffen as we age

...thy older adults between 60 and 70 years old. Each individual underwent medical screening at Christiana Hospital, which included a lipid profile, blood pressure monitoring, electrocardiogram and several other tests to ensure overall good health. Then each participant was involved in a series of research trial...

Single molecule extends fat mice lives by reversing gene pathways associated with disease in obese

...abase generated by the Broad Institute that groups individual genes into common functional pathways to see where there were major differences. "We made a striking observation," says Sinclair. "Resveratrol opposed the effects of high caloric intake in 144 out of 153 significantly altered pathways. In terms o...

ASU researchers test antibacterial effects of healing clays

...ams is passionate about her subject: "Clays are as individual in character as people are in personality. They can be as old as Precambrian time (probably older, since meteorites contain clay minerals from other celestial bodies) or as young as I can make them in my lab in a few hours. They form when the chemist...

Low levels of neurotransmitter serotonin may perpetuate child abuse across generations

...tudy is the first to show that naturally occurring individual variation in maternal behavior in monkeys can affect the brain development of the offspring, and the first to show a link between serotonin and infant abuse in primates. Other research using rats as animal models has shown that serotonin production ...

Early-stage immune system control of HIV may depend on inherited factors

...tion, the combination of Class I molecules that an individual expresses, something that is genetically determined, seems to have a significant impact on the specificity and strength of that response. "Identifying the HIV epitopes [viral fragments] that are particularly good at priming an early T cell respons...

Molecular atlas provides new tool for understanding estrogen-fueled breast cancer

...ermine which treatments are likely to work best in individual patients and restore the potency of cancer drugs to which patients have become resistant, added Brown, who is also a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. ...

Record ozone loss during 2006 over South Pole

...ozone-reactive radicals that break ozone down into individual oxygen molecules. A single molecule of chlorine has the potential to break down thousands of molecules of ozone. The ozone hole, first recognised in 1985, typically persists until November or December, when the winds surrounding the South Pole (po...

Bacteria in small sea life yield new way to make potential cancer drugs

... his colleagues from around the country identified individual mutations responsible for changing from one compound to another. By mimicking this natural process, the researchers synthesized a completely new compound. This paves the way to the genetic creation of large chemical libraries for testing against huma...

Power emerges from consensus in monkey social networks

...gh degree of consensus among group members that an individual is powerful if that individual has received multiple subordination signals from many individuals ?in the case of pigtailed macaque ...

Hundreds of thousands of viral species present in the world's oceans

...entional sequencing) to large samples, rather than individual organisms to gain insights into diversity, geography, taxonomy, and ecosystem functioning. This approach identified tremendous viral diversity with greater than 91% of DNA sequences not present in existing databases. Angly and colleagues analyzed ...

NASA satellite data helps assess the health of Florida's coral reef

...onditions down to hundreds of meters - the size of individual reefs," said Christopher Moses, University of South Florida, Tampa, Fla. Researchers also used the recently developed Landsat-based Millennium Coral Reef Map http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi/landsat.pl to determine which reef areas were most appr...

New brain-chemistry differences found in depressed women

...udy began. "This work gives further evidence of individual differences in brain mechanisms that are altered in major depression," says senior author Jon-Kar Zubieta, M.D., Ph.D., the Jenkins Research Professor of Depression and associate professor of psychiatry and radiology. "We found these differences in t...

NHGRI aims to make DNA sequencing faster, more cost effective

...g routine medical care. The ability to sequence an individual genome cost-effectively could enable health care p...ose to detect an electrical, or ionic, signal from individual DNA molecules. The goal of this group is to fabricate nanoscale channels in which single molecules o...

Comprehensive model is first to map protein folding at atomic level

...es and catalogs countless interactions between the individual atoms that comprise proteins. In so doing, it essentially predicts, given a string of amino acids, how the resulting protein will fold -- the first computer model to fully replicate folding of a protein as happens in nature. In more than 4,000 simula...

'Protecting virus' offers instant flu protection and converts flu infections into their own vaccines

... The genetic material of a flu virus consists of 8 individual segments of single stranded RNA. Professor Dimmock's protecting influenza virus has a huge but specific deletion of around 80% of the RNA of one of these 8 strands. This deletion makes the virus harmless and prevents it from reproducing by itsel...

Ongoing collapse of coral reef shark populations

...d measurements of the survival and reproduction of individual sharks. Their findings show that reef shark abundance on reefs open to fishing are about ten times lower than on unfished reefs. Moreover, high reef shark abundance was only apparent on the most strictly enforced of the no-take zones, suggesting that...

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