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Tag: "individual" at biology news

Breakthrough in understanding type-2 diabetes as key genes identified

...le scientists to develop a genetic test to show an individual their likelihood of developing diabetes mellitus type 2, commonly known as type-2 diabetes. The researchers identified four loci, or points on individuals' genetic maps, which corresponded to a risk of developing the disorder. The scientists, fro...

Exploring the molecular origin of blood clot flexibility

...mental Biology, measured the elastic properties of individual fibers and found that the fibers, which are long a...ings to the molecular level, suggesting a way that individual fibers flex - by the unraveling of the three, tightly twisted rod-like regions within fibrinogen mol...

White blood cells in lung produce histamine seen in allergies

...idual neutrophils produce much less histamine than individual mast cells, says Caughey, but "because pus contains millions if not billions of neutrophils, the overall amount they make is very considerable." The neutrophil-histamine effect was similar in the wild-type mice, reports Caughey: "Histamine levels f...

DNA ends: Common tool, different job

...tiple RPA-like complexes have evolved, each making individual contributions to genomic stability," says the study's lead author Vicki Lundblad, Ph.D., a professor in the Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory at the Salk Institute. With each round of cell division, telomeres ?long stretches of repetitive DNA ?ero...

Genes and biomarkers that allow doctors to choose the right therapy for the right patient

...abling them to create more effective therapies for individual cancers ?personalized medicine. At the 2007 Annual...etermining biomarkers ?that could determine how an individual might respond to drug or radiation therapy. Molecular predictors of drug response in breast cance...

Proteins important in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease travel in the slow lane

...by pauses. This intermittent transport behavior of individual cargoes made the overall population slow and suggests that fast and slow proteins use the same basic mechanisms for transport. Surprisingly, the videos also revealed that multiple slow proteins are transported together as "packets," essentially p...

Out of Africa -- Bacteria, as well

...ylori populations. In order to characterise the individual populations, the scientists employed the principle of isolation by distance. According to this principle, the genetic distance between two populations has a linear correlation with the length of the migration paths taken since they were separated. "I...

Procedure predicts embryos most likely to result in pregnancy

...edure that estimates the reproductive potential of individual embryos, possibly leading to a decrease in multipl...o precisely estimate the reproductive potential of individual embryos," Seli said. "The successes of in-vitro fertilization often result from simultaneous transfe...

Are journal rankings distorting science?

... a journal’s rank has no bearing on the quality of individual papers it publishes. But more worrying is the trend towards using impact factors to guide decisions on research funding. This has been particularly noticeable in the UK, where universities now prioritise scientific fields that produce research publis...

Common blood test can help distinguish between mononucleosis and tonsillitis

...or the detection of mononucleosis, meaning that an individual with a ratio this high would be correctly diagnose...d with mononucleosis 90 percent of the time and an individual with a ratio of .35 or lower would be correctly diagnosed as not having mononucleosis 100 percent of...

Gene expression test reveals ER and HER-2 status of breast tumors

...planning based on an integrated genomic test of an individual tumor," said senior author W. Fraser Symmans, M.D., associate professor in the M. D. Anderson Department of Pathology. The Lancet Oncology paper results are the latest in an effort by the research team to develop a single test to quickly and efficien...

Scientists create dual-modality microbeads to improve identification of disease biomarkers

...d decode what proteins or viruses have attached to individual beads based on their spectral signature," explained Sathe. The process of creating these beads is quite simple, according to Sathe. The surface of the beads contains a long-chain carbon molecule that makes the beads hydrophobic, meaning they repel...

Uganda's mountain gorillas increase in number

...imens, Bwindi’s gorilla population now numbers 340 individual gorillas, up from 320 in 2002, and 300 in 1997. ...ns brings the worldwide tally to approximately 720 individual animals....

Long-lived deep-sea fishes imperiled by technology, overfishing

...ful of offspring and the chances of survival by an individual are low. In other species, including orange roughy and oreos, an individual fish produces thousands of eggs ?most of which die through predation or starvation. "One of the t...

Biologists produce global map of plant biodiversity

...ed. "Given that we are far off from knowing the individual distributions of the world's 300,000 odd plant species," says Jetz. "Holger Kreft and I investigated how well the richness of plants can be predicted from environmental conditions alone." Combining field-survey based species counts from over a tho...

Why is the heart heart-shaped?

...using transgenic zebrafish in which they can watch individual cardiac cells, that cells change size and shape, enlarging and elongating to form the bulges in the heart tube and eventually the chambers. Since the heart is beating as it develops, they asked whether cardiac function influences cell shape. Using ze...

Tiny clue reveals new path toward heart disease

...isease, little is known about genes that render an individual susceptible to developing the disease, said study co-investigator Elizabeth R. Hauser, Ph.D., an associate professor of medicine at the Duke Center for Human Genetics. In a previous study, the researchers had scanned the entire genome -- the body'...

Stretching DNA to the limit

...V irradiation. The researchers essentially pick up individual DNA molecules with the tip of a scanning probe microscope and stretch it while measuring the forces generated. These "stretch—release" measurements enable the accurate determination of changes in the elasticity of the DNA strands. Upon exposure to UV...

Bumblebee house warming -- it takes a village

...ubation and wing fanning, or cooling, performed by individual workers under four temperature conditions ?cold, moderate, warm and hot. Temperatures ranged from 10.3 to 38.6 degrees Celsius (about 50 to 101 degrees Fahrenheit). The study focused more on incubation than fanning because the researchers did not...

Walking molecule now carries packages

...rtels's laboratory that gives a precise picture of individual molecules. Experiments took place on a highly poli... only the desired molecules were present on it. An individual anthraquinone molecule appears in Bartels' microscope as an almost rectangular feature with slightly...

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