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Tag: "increases" at biology news

U of M study examines kidney stone prevention in astronauts

... food they consume is higher in sodium, which also increases the risk for kidney stone development. "In combination with hydration therapy, exercise in a machine that simulates gravity could reduce the astronaut's risk of developing kidney stones, a condition that could be particularly painful and lead to an ...

Research identifies protein in mice that regulates bone formation

...rotein, Schnurri-3 (Shn3), in mice led to profound increases in bone mass throughout their skeletal system. The results may have implications for the treatment of osteoporosis. The study was published in the May 26 edition of Science ( http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/312/5777/1223 ). Osteoporos...

Food-crop yields in future greenhouse-gas conditions lower than expected

...zation effect of rising CO2, primarily because CO2 increases photosynthesis and decreases crop water use. Although more than 340 independent chamber studies have been analyzed to project yields under rising CO2 levels, most plants grown in enclosures can differ greatly from those grown in farm fields, Long sa...

Viagra improves high altitude exercise performance up to 45% for some

...relax. This improves blood flow from the heart and increases oxygen transport to working muscles. Because the high altitude atmosphere contains less oxygen, it is more difficult to get enough oxygen to support strenuous physical activity than it is at sea level. Sildenafil works by inhibiting phosphodiestrase...

Matrilin-3 gene discovered to prevent onset of osteoarthritis

...that the prevalence of knee and hip osteoarthritis increases with increasing BMD. "Our study reveals an unexpected property of matrilin-3 in maintaining proper BMD, a factor that was not previously examined," the authors write. "However, the mechanism of the association between increased bone density and joi...

High-dose flu vaccines appear to safely boost immunity in elderly

...ctivated influenza vaccine consistently and safely increases the immunogenicity [immune response] of inactivated influenza virus vaccines; moreover, vaccines that contain higher doses have conferred significantly enhanced protection against naturally occurring influenza." ...

First study to show how immune cells 'speak' to each other in vivo

...ion, the confirmation of these cellular structures increases the understanding of the immune system and paves the way for further research on the body's immune response system. New knowledge in this area may ultimately improve treatment for immune disorders such as MS, cancer, and AIDS. WHO: Pedro Lowen...

Gene expression becomes heterogeneous with age in humans and rats

... question of whether gene-expression heterogeneity increases with age. Using a wide range of expression data fr...e authors of the study point out that the observed increases in expression variation are surprisingly small, leaving plenty of room for further explanations rega...

Study finds that a woman's chances of having twins can be modified by diet

...lood and makes its way into the animal's milk. IGF increases the sensitivity of the ovaries to follicle stimula...d that use of in vitro fertilization (IVF) methods increases the incidence of monozygotic twinning -- where the transfer and/or implantation of two embryos resul...

Schepens scientists are first to discover angiogenesis switch inside blood vessel cells

... injury, prepares a woman's body for pregnancy and increases circulation in a damaged heart. But, it can also nourish cancer tumors and damage delicate retinal tissues when uncontrolled. The angiogenic process is triggered by what the body perceives as a need for additional blood flow. In the case of diseas...

Recombination protein dynamics observed with single monomer resolution

...ith many proteins, including BRCA2, whose mutation increases susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancers. A better understanding of how these proteins function could help our understanding of cancer. "Our measurement technique provides a way of counting the number of individual monomers bound to DNA in real ...

Study supports 'urgent' need for worldwide ban on lead-based paint

...ly cause similar damage in the future as paint use increases in Asian countries and elsewhere," he says. "Our findings provide stark evidence of the urgent need for an effective worldwide ban on the use of lead-based paint." Children are particularly susceptible to lead poisoning for a number of reasons, in...

New stem-cell findings can help the body to cure itself

.... "Understanding how cell production is regulated increases our chances of producing drugs able to stimulate the endogenous production of new cells," says Professor Frisén. He hopes that the new findings can be used to develop drugs that stimulate, for example, the formation of new nerve cells to treat condi...

UGA researchers find that hunting can increase the severity of wildlife disease epidemics

...mating and birth seasons determine whether hunting increases or decreases disease prevalence. They found that a...unting occurs during the birth season. An outbreak increases dramatically when hunting occurs between the birth season and the next mating season. The effect c...

Plants tell caterpillars when it's safe to forage

...gs in the larvae. Production of volatile chemicals increases during the day (when wasps are active) and decreases at night, suggesting that variations in production might affect the daily activity patterns of foraging larvae, with low production sending the signal that the coast is clear. To test this hypot...

Dominant meerkats render rivals infertile

...ertility. This tactic reduces conception rates and increases abortion rates among the evicted subordinates, who are only allowed to return to the group after the dominant female has given birth. The dominant female benefits in two ways from reducing the fertility of her subordinates. First, her own pups w...

Prozac's target revealed

...rons. Next, knowing that Prozac treatment somehow increases the number of neurons in the brain, the researchers tested which step in the neurogenesis pathway might be stimulated by Prozac. They found that Prozac treatment specifically stimulates the generation of a kind of cells they dubbed "amplifying neural...

Meth promotes spread of virus in HIV-infected users

...meth, also commonly known as "speed" or "crystal," increases production of a docking protein that promotes the ...cted users. The investigators found that meth increases expression of a receptor called DC-SIGN, a "virus-attachment factor," allowing more of the virus to ...

UCLA study of community health project shows how group dynamics affect fitness, eating habits

...a six-week wellness-training program significantly increases vigorous physical activity among participants. A 12-week curriculum, meanwhile, boosts fruit and vegetable intake while reducing feelings of sadness and depression, and can even reduce waistlines. "Creating a culture of healthy living within an org...

Compound in dairy products targets diabetes

...racts with DNA and regulates gene expression. This increases the enzymes that process fatty acids and also increases the tissues' sensitivity to insulin. "We wondered if CLA was using the same mechanism, in whic...

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