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Tag: "hypothesis" at biology news

How fish conquered the ocean

... and early Paleogene Periods. The work is a unique hypothesis that integrates the cellular and molecular physiol...ng the teleost ancestors and provides a compelling hypothesis of when, how and why the teleosts succeeded in the oceanic environment. It is common knowledge that ...

Chimpanzees found to use tools to hunt mammalian prey

... by males, an observation that supports a previous hypothesis that female hominids played a role in the evolution of the earliest tool technology and suggests that this technology may have included tools for hunting. ...

Inflammation may play role in metastasis of prostate cancer

...evelopment of anti-metastatic therapies. A major hypothesis in cancer research has been that whether the cance... changes within the cancer cell itself. But this hypothesis didn't explain why metastases appear many years after the initial tumor. "Our findings suggest tha...

Is there a pilot in the insect?

...es a laboratory-produced headwind, reinforcing the hypothesis that flying creatures have an optic flow regulator. The very simple control scheme proposed takes into account 70 years of often surprising observations of the behavior of winged insects. It accounts for the fact not only that insects descend faci...

Researcher to study astronaut bone loss for space biology agency

...function of IGF-1 receptor. Long's and Bikle's hypothesis is that during prolonged weightlessness, beta-3 integrin production decreases, which in turn diminishes the function of IGF-1 receptor in bone. Without its receptor, IGF-1 has been shown by researchers to be ineffective. The result is a steep drop in...

Study shows hope for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's

... artificial intelligence techniques to explore the hypothesis that the entire ERP signal, not just the P300 indicator, reveals markers that previously have not been associated with Alzheimer’s disease. The teams conducted several experiments, ultimately evaluating the parietal and occipital regions of the br...

A genetic 'gang of 4' drives spread of breast cancer

...ink have remained unresolved," said Massagué. "The hypothesis we wanted to test was that these signature genes play a role in both primary tumor growth and metastasis to the lung." After analyzing 738 human breast cancer tumors, the researchers concluded that those in which the LMS genes were abnormally activ...

Veterinary scientists explore poultry virus as cancer killer

...rch Program?award will support the exploration and hypothesis development for an innovative approach to treating prostate cancer. Subbiah and his co-investigator, Dr. Siba K. Samal, associate dean, University of Maryland campus, received a $113,250 grant for their ongoing work using a genetically modified v...

Paper challenges 1491 Amazonian population theories

...portant policy implications. That's because the hypothesis of human-manufactured landscapes has been made popular by Charles Mann’s book - 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus ?and could influence conservation policy in the Americas. That millions of people once populated the Americas, and t...

New success in engineering plant oils

...vel of saturated fats in the plant seeds. Their hypothesis was supported by the fact that scientists had previously identified a plant with a mutated KASII that showed reduced enzyme activity, and these plants were able to accumulate more saturated fats than was normal. So the Brookhaven team set out to redu...

Man's best friend lends insight into human evolution

...operation and their use of social cues support the hypothesis that evolution in human social problem solving, much like that of dog social problem solving, occurred after changes in our species' social emotions lifted social constraints." ...

Proteasome activator enhances survival of Huntington's disease neuronal model cells

...ble lentiviral vectors. To address the therapeutic hypothesis experimentally, we transduced UPS subunits into HD skin fibroblasts or HD mutant protein expressing striatum-derived neurons. We determined how this intervention altered cell survival after exposure to toxins known to simulate pathological mechanisms...

Study of protein folds offers insight into metabolic evolution

...ns working together." This finding supports the hypothesis that protein architectures that perform one functi...f the RNA molecule. This discovery supports the hypothesis of an RNA world in which RNA molecules were among the earliest catalysts of life. This idea is based...

Spud origin controversy solved

...ce to support each theory, the Andean introduction hypothesis stems from the belief that the Canary Islands land... European potatoes have Chilean traits, the Andean hypothesis supposed that these potatoes arose from crosses with Chilean potatoes as breeding stock after the Ir...

Lessons from the orangutans: Upright walking may have begun in the trees

...her colleagues used these observations to test the hypothesis that bipedalism would have benefited tree-dwelling ape ancestors. Because these ancestors were probably fruit-eaters, as orangutans are, they would have needed a way to navigate the thin, flexible branches at the tree's periphery, where the fruit ...

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

... In the current study, the team confirmed their hypothesis by "knocking out" the gene that synthesizes the receptor, both in sensory neurons in cell culture and in mice. The cells in culture were unresponsive to cooling agents, including menthol. The genetically engineered mice did not discriminate between w...

Cytomegalovirus exacerbates atherosclerosis through an autoimmune mechanism

...se induce endothelial cells damage and support the hypothesis that virus infection plays a crucial role in mediating the atherosclerotic process. Moreover, these findings contribute to the design of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies....

Reconstructing the biology of extinct species: A new approach

...ively keep the visual image stable. The basic hypothesis of the project was that the organ of balance -- which helps stabilize an animal's gaze and coordinate its movements as it travels through the environment -- should be irrevocably linked to the type of locomotion produced by its limbs. "If an animal ...

Undergraduate research shows leaderless honeybee organizing

...bee social behavior that fundamentally confirm the hypothesis that major colony activities are initiated by the cumulative group actions of the colony’s older workers, not by the queen’s individual decision. What Pierce and colleagues found was that older workers gave signals to the queen and to the rest of ...

Brightening prospects of using fluorescent nanotubes in medical applications

...uld make them easy to locate. At least that is the hypothesis the researchers hope to test....

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