hydrogen 2 2

Tag: "hydrogen" at biology news

Drug resistant avian influenza viruses more common in Southeast Asia than North America

... located in the envelope of the virus that permits hydrogen ions (protons) to enter the flu virion. This influx of protons allows the virus to shed its coat after it enters a cell-an essential step in the replication of the virus. Amantadine inhibits the function of the M2 protein and thus stops viral replica...

Oceans turning to acid from rise in CO2

... declined by 0.1 units, which is a 30% increase in hydrogen ions. If emissions of CO2 continue to rise as predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's IS92a scenario, there will be another drop in pH by .5 units by 2100, a level that has not existed in the oceans for many millions of years. In...

Modifications render carbon nanotubes nontoxic

...luble via the attachment of the chemical subgroups hydrogen sulfite, sodium sulfite and carboxylic acid. The cytotoxicity of undecorated SWNTs was 200 parts per billion, which compares to the level of 20 parts per billion identified last year for undecorated buckyballs. The modified nanotubes were non-cytot...

War on terror meets war on cancer

...ial second method could measure oxygen and perhaps hydrogen isotope ratios in a common metabolite ?a product produced by most human cells as they metabolize food and water. The ratios of the isotopes would reveal the percentage of water in body cells that was produced by metabolism, and thus the rate of metab...

Seaweed yields new compounds with pharmaceutical potential

...lyses to determine how carbon, oxygen, bromine and hydrogen atoms connected to make up the molecular structures of the 10 new natural products. Much research is left to do before any of these compounds are used to formulate a drug available on the market, Kubanek said. It typically takes at least a decade f...

Scientist uses form to explain function of key building blocks of life

...asure with unprecedented accuracy the strengths of hydrogen bonds in a protein. The scientists were then able...toms in the proteins, to determine the strength of hydrogen bonds in ten different variants of the protein. From that data, the team was able to explain change...

ORNL leading effort to help harness power of Shewanella

...ential applications in bioremediation, ethanol and hydrogen production, cleanup of former nuclear weapons production sites and minimizing global warming by controlling the cycling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. ...

Sea slug mixes chemical defense before firing at predators

...potent inky secretion into the water consisting of hydrogen peroxide, ammonia and several types of acids. A team of researchers with the Atlanta-based Center for Behavioral Neuroscience (CBN) has found that this secretion is produced from normally inert chemicals stored separately in two glands. The discovery...

Microbes under Greenland Ice may be preview of what scientists find under Mars' surface

...ible, methanogens might instead take in subsurface hydrogen and carbon dioxide to make the methane, he said. If methanogens are responsible, Price calculated that they would occur in a concentration of about one microbe per cubic centimeter at a depth of several hundred meters, where the temperature - about ...

Bacteria that cause tooth decay able to survive without important biochemical pathway

...ssors, such as high salt levels or the presence of hydrogen peroxide, also caused them to weaken, Hasona said. "So, at least in this organism, we learned the SRP pathway seems to enable it to respond rapidly to environmental stress, but it was not at all necessary for the organism's viability during non-stre...

UCR environmental scientists propose chemical solution to cleaning California's Salton Sea

...ea, however, because of low dissolved oxygen, high hydrogen sulfide and ammonia concentrations, high temperatures and an increasing level of salinity. Due to noxious odors emanating from the Salton Sea, a 32 kilometer-long State Recreation Area on the northeast shore remains under-used. "The Salton Sea at o...

Getting old? Slowing down? Blame inefficient mitochondria

..., the fuel is oxidised and builds up a pressure of hydrogen ions (protons). These force through molecular turbines and enable the cell to generate ATP, an energy unit that can be used throughout the cell. Just as you can work out a power station's efficiency by seeing how much electricity it produces for eac...

Poison + water = hydrogen. New microbial genome shows how

...t of poisonous carbon monoxide, and add a pinch of hydrogen gas. It sounds like a recipe for a witch's brew. ...us gas, the microbe mixes it with water, producing hydrogen gas as waste. As the world increasingly considers hydrogen as a potential biofuel, technology coul...

Embryos tell story of Earth's earliest animals

...sence of a so-called "reducing" substance, such as hydrogen sulfide. Such reducing substances slow or stop the...te ("fool's gold") is found in the fossils. Today, hydrogen sulfide exists in significant concentrations at the bottom of the ocean, especially in the vicinity ...

Carbon nanotube absorption measured in worms, cancer cells

...e in several areas, including pharmacology and for hydrogen storage in fuel cells, Weber said. But despite their promise, a big problem is that it's not known how multi-walled carbon nanotubes will impact the living environment, Weber said. "While everyone is concerned about this issue, there has been no re...

MIT chemist discovers secret behind nature's medicines

...y break specific chemical bonds and then replace a hydrogen atom with a halide, one of the elements from the column of the periodic table containing chlorine, bromine and iodine. In the lab, that's a very challenging task, but nature accomplishes it almost nonchalantly. The trick involves using a turbo-charge...

Environmental metagenomics diagnosing extreme environments, tapping opportunities for clean energy

...t bioreactors--capable of generating two liters of hydrogen from fermenting just one sheet of paper. Rubin w...s in the termite's gut, using enzymes that produce hydrogen as a byproduct. "It's not as if we are going to put termites in our tank, but if we can harness th...

Protein 'nanosprings' most resilient found in nature

... single, spiral chain of amino acids stabilized by hydrogen bonds. "We live in a world of forces," Bennett continued. "For example, every time a neuron pushes its way through body tissues to its target, every time a heart beats, or a bicep muscle contracts, forces are generated. Cells have to recognize those...

Forsyth scientists gain greater understanding of how embryos differentiate left from right

...that is crucial for correct asymmetry: the flow of hydrogen ion or H+ flux. A pharmacological screen implicated the H+-pump H+-V-ATPase in Xenopus (frog) embryo asymmetry, where it directs left- and right-sided gene expression. The cell cytoskeleton is responsible for the LR-asymmetric localization of this pu...

Honey helps problem wounds

...oxidase. This enzyme ensures that small amounts of hydrogen peroxide, an effective antiseptic, are constantly ...rom the sugar in the honey. The advantage over the hydrogen peroxide from the chemist's is that small concentrations are sufficient to kill the germs, as it is ...

1 2 3 4