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Tag: "humans" at biology news

Gambling monkeys give insight into neural machinery of risk

...eive juice rewards -- could give insights into why humans compulsively engage in risky behaviors, including ...d the posterior cingulate cortex, which studies in humans and animals had implicated in the processing of information on rewards. They then measured the elect...

Elevated temperature enhances success of viral cancer therapy

...levated temperature similar to that experienced by humans when they have a fever, the RNA export function was restored. Therefore, induction of the heat shock response could rescue ONYX-015 replication in resistant tumor cells. According to Dr. O'Shea, "Our data suggest that a clinical strategy that does n...

Researchers uncover E. coli's defense mechanism

... E. coli and Salmonella are usually transmitted to humans through undercooked meat, unwashed vegetables and cross contamination from surfaces on which these foods were prepared. Infections from either of these organisms can cause diarrhea, abdominal cramps and sometimes more serious illnesses that require h...

Virologist finds contagious equine flu in dogs

... animals, dogs have the most intimate contact with humans on a daily basis, so the potential for human infec...ke the virulent H5N1 that has jumped from birds to humans over the last few years. A highly sensitive test -- called a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) that am...

Penguin chicks exposed to human visitors experience spike in stress hormone

...capture, newly hatched chicks regularly visited by humans had levels more than three times higher than undisturbed chicks. At 40 to 50 days old, the levels were nearly the same for chicks at 30 and 60 minutes after capture, and for those near fledging the levels were almost identical between visited and und...

Hide and seek: Researchers discover a new way for infectious bacteria to enter cells

...um, found in soil and water, can be transmitted to humans via undercooked and unpasteurized food, causing flu-like symptoms or gastrointestinal distress. For individuals with weakened immune systems, listeriosis can be fatal, and infections during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, premature del...

Gene discovery sheds light on causes of rare disease, cancer

...um, found in soil and water, can be transmitted to humans via undercooked and unpasteurized food, causing flu-like symptoms or gastrointestinal distress. For individuals with weakened immune systems, listeriosis can be fatal, and infections during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, premature del...

Monkeypox mystery: New research may explain why 2003 outbreak in the US wasn't deadly

...is a disease of animals that can be transmitted to humans under natural conditions. The first cases of monkeypox reported in humans involved contact between humans and animals in Africa. The first outbreak of monkeypox in the Weste...

A novel method to measure circadian cycles

...ic nucleus. The researchers took skin samples from humans and infected subsequently made tissue cultures wit...ibler and colleagues also confirmed that, for both humans and mice, circadian rhythms vary substantially between individuals. This suggests that the genetics ...

'Shifty-eyed' Monkeys Offer Window Into Brain's Social Reflexes

... monkeys show the same keen 'social reflexes' that humans do -- shifting their attention in response to the ...ortant animal model of how the brain controls what humans pay attention to in social situations. Such a model would enable scientists to better understand ho...

Study shows eutrophic lakes may not recover for a millennium

Although it has taken just 60 years for humans to put many freshwater lakes on the eutrophication fast track, a new study shows their recovery may take a thousand years under the best of circumstances. Writing in today's (June 13) online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Scie...

Elderly mice yield clues to the process of growing old

...bly gray hair and hair loss, more commonly seen in humans than mice. Prolla suggests that new studies of mice engineered to have fewer than normal mitochondrial DNA defects or improved mitochondrial function may pave the way for strategies to retard aging. "The idea would be to reduce the level of cell dea...

US Army plans to bulk-buy anthrax

... the Sterne strain is not thought to be harmful to humans and is used for vaccination, the contracts have caused major concern. "It raises a serious question over how the US is going to demonstrate its compliance with obligations under the Biological Weapons Convention if it brings these tanks online," says...

Researchers create infectious hepatitis C virus in a test tube

...bout the HCV life cycle, researchers think that in humans the virus enters a liver cell and delivers its RNA and proteins into the cell cytoplasm. HCV carries its genetic information in its RNA, which is separated from the protein, copied, and then joined with new protein components before being released fr...

Brain size may depend upon how neural cells are cleaved

...ate size of the brain," said Tsai. "And, there are humans born with too few neurons, called microcephaly, or too many neurons, called macrocephaly. I would speculate that many of these cases are the outcome of some sort of impairment in the regulation of cell division, perhaps in the plane of division," sai...

Molecular miners find pain relief drugs from the sea

...e toxin. The company will begin clinical trials in humans this month to firstly test the safety of the toxin...inical trials to test the effectiveness of ACV1 in humans with diabetic neuropathies will soon be underway and we expect that the potential of ACV1 in treatin...

Primate virus jumps species barrier to humans for first time in Asia

...ases. Even though this particular virus jumping to humans may not prove dangerous, the scientists warn that ...ncy virus (SIV), and jumped the species barrier to humans when African bushmeat hunters came into contact with blood from infected animals. Though bushmeat h...

MERIS monitoring tracks planetary photosynthesis levels

... plays a critical role on Earth as all animals and humans ultimately depend on it for food. Plants often provide a local habitat for other species to live in, and constitute a major source of raw materials for human activities. Wood in particular constitutes a critical source of energy storage for a large f...

Microbe has huge role in ocean life, carbon cycle

...nsuming dissolved organic matter. "By comparison, humans are mostly junk DNA, with large parts of the human genome having no important function," Giovannoni said. This type of genome streamlining, researchers say, appears to be a major factor in the evolutionary success of SAR11, which they believe may ha...

New imaging technology shown to detect pancreatic inflammation in type 1 diabetes

...ments is analogous to one currently being tried in humans with diabetes, and so far showing great promise," said Diane Mathis, Ph.D., who led the study together with Christophe Benoist, M.D., Ph.D., also from Joslin, and Ralph Weissleder, M.D., Ph.D., of MGH. Drs. Mathis and Benoist head Joslin's Section ...

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