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Tag: "humans" at biology news

UCSD team discovers specialized, rare heart stem cells in newborns

...lls located in the newborn heart of rats, mice and humans ?has been shown by researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine. The cells are capable of differentiation into fully mature heart tissue. Called isl1+ cells, these cardiac progenitor cells are stem cells that have...

Love at first smell

...is important when choosing a partner, not only for humans but also fish. To fight disease, the body's Major ...id: "The new results raise the question of whether humans can also gather information about MHC on the basis of peptides." ...

Gene therapy for Parkinson's disease moves forward in animals

...ease. But its use has been debated since trials in humans ended last year without showing clinical improvements. Amgen, the world's largest biotechnology company, conducted the trials and later halted use of the drug because of safety concerns, creating an outcry from hopeful Parkinson's patients. But the...

Scientists find fossil proof of Egypt's ancient climate

...ole weather and climate played in the dispersal of humans "out of Africa" and into Europe and Asia. Periods of substantially increased rainfall compared to the present are known to have occurred in the Sahara throughout the last million years, but their duration, intensity, and frequency remain somewhat unc...

Yale researchers identify molecule for detecting parasitic infection in humans

...e molecules quite different from those produced by humans and other eukaryotic organisms. When microorganisms infect humans, the atypical molecules are usually detected immediately by human proteins called Toll-like receptors (TLR) that alert the human immune system to fight the infection. But parasites, l...

Potential treatments for neurofibromatosis

...matosis. They hope to begin preliminary testing in humans by the end of this year, and are experimenting with potential drug compounds now. Dr. Clapp, professor of pediatrics and of microbiology and immunology, said one target of their efforts will be mast cells, which are immune system cells that are invo...

Variation in women's X chromosomes may explain differences among individuals, between sexes

...sexual identity is governed by sex chromosomes. In humans and other mammals, males have one X and one Y chromosome, while females have a pair of X's. Many genes on the male Y chromosomes have been lost over evolutionary time, leaving the chromosome with fewer than 100 functional genes. In contrast, the X c...

Programmable cells: Engineer turns bacteria into living computers

...tennas or transmitters in places that are hard for humans to reach. Programmed cells also could be used to control the repair or construction of tissues within the body, possibly guiding stem cells to the locations where they are needed for the growth of new nerve or bone cells in a process Weiss called "pr...

Wisconsin researchers identify sleep gene

...li, the researchers found. When deprived of sleep, humans and their winged counterparts rebound on the follo...efulness as in humans. "The electrical changes in humans look different that they do in flies because our brains are organized differently," Cirelli says. "B...

DuPont's first biologically derived polymer receives global recognition

...iable backup power for the resource consumption of humans and will serve to further protect the environment." DuPontTM Sorona® offers unique properties to consumers and manufacturers. Consumers appreciate the unique qualities that DuPontTM Sorona® brings to fabrics, including exceptional softness, easy car...

A frog's life is food for thought

...on and re-feeding can have deadly consequences for humans and most animals but not Australia's green-striped burrowing frog. PhD student Rebecca Cramp from The University of Queensland has found that unlike most animals, which can't digest food after long periods of starvation, the green-striped burrowing ...

Flocking together: Study shows how animal groups find their way

...ps, the results may be useful in understanding how humans behave in crowds and in designing robots that explore remote locations such as the ocean or other planets. "When you see apparently complex behaviors, the mechanisms that coordinate these behaviors may be surprisingly simple and generic," said Iain ...

Low level of extinction during ice age linked to adaptability

... are dying off at an alarming rate. It may be that humans have altered the environment so much that we are now causing the extinction of species that should be relatively immune. Though it's difficult to say exactly what the implications are for the world we live in, what I can say is that it is worrisome."...

Transgenic plants remove more selenium from polluted soil than wild plants, new tests show

... is considered an essential trace mineral for both humans and animals, but it becomes toxic at high doses. The dangers of selenium toxicity came to light in the 1980s when biologists discovered that irrigation drain water held at the Kesterson Reservoir in the San Joaquin Valley was causing serious deformit...

Stem cells from brain transformed to produce insulin at Stanford

...is insulin. What's more, some neurons in mice and humans take the first steps toward producing insulin. In insects such as fruit flies, the cells that produce insulin and regulate blood sugar are, in fact, neurons. Taken together, this evidence suggested to Kim that neural stem cells may be able to produce...

Fibril Shape Is The Basis Of Prion Strains And Cross-species Prion Infection

...ew version of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease appeared in humans after several recent epidemics of bovine spongifor... For instance, mouse prion fibrils normally infect humans but not hamsters. But when mouse prions were brought into contact with hamster prion amyloid fibrils...

Scientists discover how plants disarm the toxic effects of excessive sunlight

...nserved across species from microbes to plants and humans - and therefore very applicable to other fields of study. For example, too much sunlight can actually be harmful to plants, because the heightened photosynthetic activity also means an increase in singlet oxygen. By modifying plants to enhance the p...

Researchers identify protein crucial for survival of Lyme-disease bacterium

...glands, where they are transmitted into animals or humans during the tick's feeding process. The energy for replication is believed to come from the proteins and nutrients made available as the tick breaks down whole blood. "For some reason, bacteria lacking the BptA protein either can't utilize the blood ...

Gene therapy promising for growing tooth-supporting bone

...stically would like to see initial trials begin in humans in four to seven years. BMP-7 is part of a family of proteins that regulates cartilage and bone formation. Recent studies have shown that BMPs are present in tooth development and periodontal repair. This study mixed BMP-7 genes with an inactivated...

Glow-in-the-dark zebrafish at UH hold keys to biological clocks

...y, this type of research can help with tracing why humans develop such things as sleep disorders or mental illnesses like depression." Per3 is the naturally occurring clock-regulated gene. The protein that it encodes is produced at highest levels near dawn, and when the luc gene is inserted into it, the lu...

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