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Tag: "human" at biology news

Herpes infection may be symbiotic, help beat back some bacteria

...d not want to minimize or in any way disregard the human suffering and health risks caused by disease-causi...ral strains of herpes viruses found in much of the human population remain symptom-free throughout the host's lifetime. "Our results suggest that we should...

The quest for an effective HIV vaccine presents new possibilities, challenges

...recognize the specific microbe and can protect the human body against it if it reappears. HIV, however, has...by spurring cellular immunity. Numerous animal and human studies have confirmed how important cellular immunity is in the early and later stages of HIV infec...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

...lding and assembly that seem to underlie a host of human disorders, including diabetes and Alzheimer's dise...nique offer a glimpse into the contorted form of a human protein that is implicated in type II diabetes. Pancreatic damage in type II diabetes has been l...

Implanting dopamine generators in brain cells obtains improvement in Parkinson's in monkeys

... research was extended to a greater number of non- human primates and for a longer period of time. The procedure involved implanting cell fragments extracted from the carotid body in the striate area of the brain. The carotid body is a small structure located at the bifurcation of the carotid artery, at th...

Growing nerve cells in 3-D dramatically affects gene expression

...e cells grown in the ultimate 3-D environment ?the human body. "More and more, we're seeing evidence tha...critical. If you want to better understand how the human body behaves or how new drugs might fight disease, 3-D may be a better bet." For more than 100 ye...

DNA analysis suggests under-reported kills of threatened whales

...rkets suggests the number of whales being sold for human consumption in the Asian country is much higher than that being reported to the International Whaling Commission ?putting threatened populations of coastal minke whales further at risk. The study, involving numerous researchers led by Scott Baker of...

Newly identified mechanism for silencing genes points to possible anti-cancer strategies

...the production process. Only about 10 percent of human genes, for example, are actively producing protein...silence that specific gene. We tested this idea in human cells and in worms and found it to be the case in both. Interestingly, this not only supported our h...

Left-right wiring determined by neural communication in the embryonic worm

... Prior studies had shown that a gene involved in human migraine headaches (an asymmetrical affliction) was involved in this decision, but something was happening earlier that researchers had yet to figure out. Bargmann, who also is an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and postdoctoral ...

Danish researches solve virus puzzle

...e HIV and bird flu able to make the cells within a human body work for the purpose of the virus? Researcher...investigated how a virus exploits the machinery of human cells to produce the proteins which the virus needs in order to replicate to billions of new vira. T...

Fast and slow -- How the spinal cord controls the speed of movement

...y have long-term implications for treating injured human spinal cords and Parkinson’s disease, where movements slow down and become erratic. The study, "A Topographic Map of Recruitment in Spinal Cord," published in the March 1 issue of the journal Nature, maps how neurons in the bottom of the fish’s spin...

Biodegradable microspheres deliver time release vaccines, stimulate different immune response

...t, Wilson-Welder and her colleagues next incubated human dendritic cells in the presence of polyanhydride microspheres (without ovalbumin). Dendritic cells are responsible for initiating CMIs. "We observed that the polymer microspheres were activating dendritic cells," says Wilson-Welder. The impl...

Individuals and populations differ in gene activity levels, not just genes

...ed. We need to have a much better understanding of human genetic and gene-expression variation in order to ... Their findings may help us better understand how human populations are structured and interrelated, and could also help explain evolutionary development of...

Uniform language for describing genes of pathogenic and beneficial microbes

...mans, and the response from researchers that study human and animal diseases has been very enthusiastic.? "A common set of terms for the exchange of information about microbe-host interactions will help researchers communicate information, and expand concepts from the studies of microbes and their hosts...

Man's best friend lends insight into human evolution

...cording to Hare it seems to have evolved since the human lineage split from that of chimps a few million ye...fferent animal species, to understand the "unique" human ability to use social cues cooperatively we should look not just at our closest animal relatives, bu...

NIAID expands capability for influenza research and surveillance

...rstanding how the virus causes disease and how the human immune system responds to infection with the virus...d generated viruses suitable for use in developing human influenza vaccines. NIAID is expanding the surveillance and research program to now include six C...

Researchers wake up viruses inside tumors to image and then destroy cancers

...their findings, the researchers used mice carrying human Burkitt's lymphoma, a cancer often associated with Epstein-Barr viral infection. Tumors glowed in mice given Velcade followed by an injection of FIAU, but not in mice that weren't given Velcade. Mice whose Burkitt's lymphoma did not contain Epstein-B...

Fish extinctions alter critical nutrients in water, study shows

...loss of the more common one. Thus, it appears that human overfishing of the common species, coporo ( Prochilodus mariae ), may have large effects on the ecosystem, in part because of its large contribution to nitrogen recycling. The current study also revealed that species that heavily recycle nitrogen a...

Leeches ferry infection among newts

... Findings from the study may also indicate that human activities could lead to increases in the infection, since these leeches are most abundant in wetlands with lots of aquatic vegetation. The Penn State researchers say fertilizer-laden wastewater from farms and other sources often causes increased...

Rare cell prevents rampant brain activity

... brain keeps its neuronal activity in check. The human brain consists of around a hundred million nerve cells linked together by around ten billion contact junctions called synapses. The activity of this extremely complex network is regulated through a dynamic balance between excitatory signals, which ar...

Flies don't buzz about aimlessly!

...plankton, wandering albatrosses, jackals, and even human hunter-gathers. Intermittent searchers include octopi, graylings, and mating crickets. Andy Reynolds says, "Our results with freely flying Drosophila appear to be the first reported example of searching behaviour that is both scale-free and inter...

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