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Tag: "how" at biology news

A gene's first 'kiss' sets off that affair known as puberty

... And while there is a fairly good understanding of how the endocrine system regulates the hormones involved, just how and when the brain activates this process has been a great mystery. An appreciation of puberty's dee...

Bioartificial kidney under study at MCG

...es of Health study to do just that. But no matter how long dialysis is given, it only replicates a fract... The kidneys also secrete hormones, help determine how the body metabolizes calcium and phosphorus, stimulate red blood cell production, play a role in blo...

New push for public health, AIDS spending at African Union summit

...not just talk about an HIV strategy for the AU but how to tackle an action-oriented plan," Oxfam spokeswoman Shehnilla Mohamed said. "Governments are learning that fighting AIDS is not just a health issue but a development issue," she said. "Now they have to deliver on the existing protocols and devel...

Man and mouse share genome structures

...an genome has been sequenced, it is vital to learn how the genome is translated to make living cells and organisms, and how we can use that information to improve human health," said Bernstein, who is an instructor of pathol...

Jump-starting T Cells In Skin Cancer

...accine-specific T cells. Although it is not known how these tumor-specific cells get activated, Coulie thinks that the few T cells stimulated by the vaccine may change the local, suppressive environment of the tumor such that other T cells can snap out of their stupor and attack the tumor. ...

Molecular biology fills gaps in knowledge of bat evolution

...f where bats originated, when they diversified and how different bat families are related to each other," Springer said. "It also quantifies the fraction of the fossil record that is missing for bats." The team, using DNA sequencing, analyzed data from portions of 17 nuclear genes from representatives o...

Scientists ID molecular 'switch' in liver that triggers harmful effects of saturated and trans fats

...sm in the liver that explains, for the first time, how consuming foods rich in saturated fats and trans-f...l now, scientists lacked a detailed explanation of how saturated and trans fats caused an increase in blood cholesterol and triglycerides, while diets high...

A new mechanism of regulating RNA degradation

...nism of gene regulation. "We don't yet understand how SMD is regulated but it must be," said Maquat. "Both Upf1 and Staufen1 can be phosphorylated, so their activities could be regulated by cell signaling pathways, such as those mediated by changes in growth conditions." That would allow the cell to dif...

FDA Approves Human Hookworm Vaccine for Phase I Safety Trials

...nism of gene regulation. "We don't yet understand how SMD is regulated but it must be," said Maquat. "Both Upf1 and Staufen1 can be phosphorylated, so their activities could be regulated by cell signaling pathways, such as those mediated by changes in growth conditions." That would allow the cell to dif...

UCSB scientists probe sea floor venting to gain understanding of early life on Earth

...t, lava wells up and freezes to form rock. This is how the sea floor is created. Haymon is interested in the large region of cooling on the sides of the mid-ocean ridge. Possibly 90 percent of the hydrothermal cooling of the sea floor occurs in these flanks, and yet these hydrothermal vents are largely ...

UAB scientists discover the origin of a mysterious physical force

...s of designing new drugs is based on understanding how substances penetrate cell membranes to enter cells...m these proteins take on when they fold influences how effectively they are able to act. Fully understanding the properties of this force that occurs when...

Quantum Dots Research Leads to New Knowledge about Protein Binding in Plants

... science, chemistry and plant biology tounderstand how and where specific proteins act on a pollen tube is onemore step towards a better understanding of the fundamental processesinvolved, namely the network of the signaling process in plantreproduction,?said Ozkan. "A better understanding of the interac...

Enzyme, lost in most mammals, is shown to protect against UV-induced skin cancer

...the onset of skin cancer.Thus far it was not clear how the two major types of UV-induced DNAlesions ?cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and (6-4)photoproducts(6-4PPs) ?contribute to the processes of cell death and cancerformation. Identifying the relative contributions of the two types ofdamage to tumo...

W.M. Keck Foundation funds study of friendly microbes

...ous interior world. Our objective is to understand how the human body functions as a carefully woven fabric of interacting species. Ultimately, such understanding promises to provide new ways of fortifying health and preventing or treating a variety of diseases both inside and outside of the gastrointest...

Dysentery uses 'sword and shield' to cause infection

...e to use this 'sword and shield' approach, showing how dysentery is able to infect the body so effectivel...his discovery greatly expands our understanding of how bacteria are sometimes able to evolve although it is unlikely to result in new treatments or vaccine...

Growth in the sea comes down to a struggle for iron

...sels, they made these measurements to characterize how the phytoplankton responded to the iron enrichment...period. They also ran experiments on deck to learn how available the iron was in the patch, how diatoms were growing and coming together in multi-cellular ...

Emory Study Tests Bone Marrow Stem Cells to Improve Circulation in Legs

...acebo.The goal of the study is to determine if and how much GM-CSF willincrease the number of circulating EPCs in patients with peripheralvascular disease. Another goal is to find out whether or not increasingthe number of circulating EPCs results in improved blood flow to theleg, improved blood vessel f...

Fox Chase Cancer Center scientists identify immune-system mutation

...ler cells," Kappes said. His goal is to understand how T cells specialize to do different jobs. Commitment to the helper or killer lineages correlates precisely with the restriction of the T-cell receptor toward either class I or class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Most helper T c...

Controversial drug shown to act on brain protein to cut alcohol use

...to block alcohol craving in rodents, andclarifying how it works in the brain. The new research findings aboutthe drug Ibogaine open the way for development of other drugs toreverse addiction without Ibogaine's side effects, potentially addingto the small arsenal of drugs that effectively combat addiction...

Termites feed through good vibrations

...rce is most suitable. The termites can also detect how the vibrations are made. This ability could be lik...alian Defence Force Academy, Dr Evans investigated how the blind insects measured pieces of wood. They recorded the vibrations of worker drywood termites ...

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