hosts 2 3

Tag: "hosts" at biology news

Stomach receptor for H. pylori discovered

...toms. The vast majority of H. pylori in colonized hosts are free-living, but approximately 20% bind to gastric epithelial cells. This binding induces an immune response and alters the morphology and behavior of the epithelial cells due to injection of bacterial proteins into the cells. This interaction ca...

Gut reaction: Researchers define the colon's genome

..., the researchers conclude that the human GI tract hosts multiple strains of B. longum , and a majority of its archaeal species is related M. smithii. How many unique bacterial genera or species exist in the colon community? By comparison to the outside world, Gill suspects the human gut is at least as c...

Parasitic plants sniff out hosts

...ls produced by other plants and identify potential hosts by their emissions, according to a team of Penn St...le on how above-ground parasitic plants find their hosts from far-off." The researchers looked at Cuscuta pentagona, field dodder or five angle dodder, a pl...

New finding points way to foiling anthrax's tricks

... these deadly bacteria steal iron from their human hosts to grow and reproduce. "Humans make a protein called siderocalin to defend against bacteria in the continual arms race between pathogen and host. This is the first example of a protein produced by the human immune system that disrupts bacteria's i...

A new understanding of how cells defend themselves against bacterial pore-forming toxins

...extra water. "Toxins have co-evolved with their hosts for a long time," says Van der Goot. "That makes them good tools with which to study normal cell physiology. This study is a case in point ?using a toxin, we have the first step in an understanding of how cells can regulate their membranes in order t...

Caterpillars tell us how bacteria cause disease

...ecies worldwide, insects provide a massive pool of hosts for bacterial diseases. The immune system of insects is very similar to the inborn immune system of mammals. By living first in insects some bacteria have evolved to survive immune system attack, so when they invade mammals they are equipped to deal ...

Study illuminates how the plague bacteria causes disease

...od poisoning "paralyze" the immune system of their hosts in an unexpected way, according to a new study in the September 8, 2006 issue of the journal Cell, published by Cell Press. The researchers found that these bacteria, which belong to the genus Yersinia, harbor a protein that mimics an apparently unr...

Life in the extreme

...ude symbiotic bacteria. They seem to provide their hosts with nutrient from a yet unidentified source. But life in these alien environments can also exist without symbionts as Ian MacDonald from Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi US has demonstrated. His observations of the fauna around coastal ma...

'Failed' experiment yields a biocontrol agent that doesn't trigger antibiotic resistance

...ion that confers some selective advantage to their hosts - such as the ability to resist antibiotics. Plasmids are useful tools for genetic engineering. It is relatively easy for a scientist to alter a plasmid's genetic makeup and then transfer the plasmid into a bacterium. The host bacterium then repli...

Salmon farms kill wild fish, study shows

...total impact of the farms." The primary sea lice hosts are adult salmon. Under natural conditions, the adults are far offshore when the juveniles are migrating out to sea. Fish farms put adult salmon in net pens along the migration routes. The result is a cloud of sea lice through which the juveniles mus...

'Ancestral eve' was mother of all tooth decay

...th dental caries, has evolved along with its human hosts in a clear line that can be traced back to a single common ancestor who lived in Africa between 100,000 and 200,000 years ago. S. mutans is transmitted from mothers to infants, and first appears in an infant’s mouth at about two years of age. C...

Parasite infection may benefit MS patients

...an explanation for the mechanism by which infected hosts exhibit an altered immune response that affects a ...ls," they state. Because parasites inhabit their hosts for long periods of time, they can develop molecules that generate strong anti-inflammatory response...

NIAID expands capability for influenza research and surveillance

...es to determine how influenza viruses adapt to new hosts and are transmitted between different hosts, and analyze human immune responses to influenza vaccination and infection. The researchers will examine how human genes might be silenced to decrease or eliminate flu infections; identify new targets for a...

Uniform language for describing genes of pathogenic and beneficial microbes

...that the mechanisms that microbes use to deal with hosts are really quite universal. The same terms can be used for species ranging from nematode worms to bacteria. Having these terms in place will greatly enhance research in this area.? In the current update, the PAMGO consortium, in collaboration with ...

Herpes infection may be symbiotic, help beat back some bacteria

...ngering the host and can continue to spread to new hosts from its current perch. "We need to explore whether there are additional costs and benefits to the host from this," Virgin says. "Are there additional pathogens that find it harder to come in as a secondary infection after herpes becomes latent" D...

Parasites' impact goes beyond host to affect ecosystem

... parasites can not only substantially affect their hosts ?altering their growth, behavior, nutritional stat...d. That’s because L. littorea is just one of three hosts in the life cycle of C. lingua, which first lives in the snails?gonads then moves to a fish as its s...

Hepatitis E takes a piggyback

... analysed blood test data from 2,500 pigs, natural hosts for the virus, on Japanese farms at Hokkaido, Honshu and Kyushu. They found that by the age of 150 days, over 95% of pigs had been infected with HEV. Inoculation studies have shown that the virus remains in pigs?faeces and some organs for up to 3...

Genome of Clostridium botulinum reveals the background to world's deadliest toxin

... doesn’t interact with human or other large animal hosts for prolonged periods of time. Occasionally it gets into a living animal, via contaminated food or open wounds, leading to infant botulism or wound botulism, both of which are serious human infections. The host can be quickly overpowered and, in s...

Researchers discover 'acquired' DNA key to certain bacterial infection

...t to infect humans when the infected environmental hosts – amoebas – are inhaled or swallowed. Incidence of M. avium as a cause of syndromes may be decreasing because of changes in treatment for HIV-infected patients, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which estimates that 1 o...

1 2 3