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Tag: "hosts" at biology news

Web model of influenza-host lifecycles will aid scientists in creating anti-viral drugs

.... Pathogens such as influenza have evolved to use hosts to promote their growth, while at the same time blocking the host reactions that recognize and respond to infection. Each year, for example, winter is marked by the outbreak of flu caused by new viruses that the human immune system doesn't recognize....

Minimal genome should be twice the size, study shows

...p where they provide essential molecules for their hosts in return for essential basic foods. Since evolving from E.coli, the Buchnera and Wigglesworthia genomes have lost some of the genes that they would otherwise need for survival. Using computer modelling and knowledge of the present day ecology of t...

Computers to save unique type of American red squirrel

...border. With around 10,000 red squirrels, Kielder hosts England's largest remaining population. In Kielder, Newcastle University's Dr Peter Lurz and colleagues used the model to create a conservation strategy for the forest, assisting with planting and felling plans to help maintain a viable red squirr...

UW scientists unravel critical genetic puzzle for flu virus replication

...ng influenza viruses, depend on the cells of their hosts to survive. They infect cells and use them to help make more infectious particles, which are released from the cell and go on to infect other cells. Using a technique known as electron tomography, a method that enables scientists to generate three-d...

CU, USDA team to curb two invasive, poisonous vines

... spread since the mid-1990s. The plants are lethal hosts for monarch butterfly larvae and alter ground cover and affect habitat for grassland birds. And, if that is not enough, the plants are growing with increasing vigor in some maize and soybean fields and are altering forest regeneration patterns. Nati...

Cell barrier shows why bird flu not so easily spread among humans

...s does not spread easily from its pioneering human hosts to other humans has been a biomedical puzzle. Now...s of viruses, require access to the cells of their hosts to effectively reproduce. If they cannot enter a cell, they are unable to make infectious particles ...

Animals can change genes quickly to keep up with viral ingenuity

...volve quickly to out-maneuver RNAi mechanisms, but hosts would be expected to rapidly evolve countermeasures of their own to resist new viral strategies. The new research provides evidence for such rapid evolution of some RNAi genes: The researchers found that some RNAi components evolve far faster than 97...

Attractive birds more immune against bird flu

..., especially viruses, evolve more rapidly than the hosts whose resources they live off of. The host will therefore always be in an important evolutionary race against its diseases," explains Måns Andersson, who directs the research team. In earlier studies, Andersson and Professor Lars Gustafsson have sho...

Hantavirus found in African wood mouse

...of Lassa virus--another rodent-borne virus--in its hosts and in humans. They started looking for an African hantavirus in their unique, West African rodent collection because no hantaviruses had previously been reported from Africa, and they had the technology for detecting unknown hantaviruses. "We are al...

The diversity of marine life in the Gulf of Maine region is much greater than previously thought

... cold Gulf of Maine. But the Gulf of Maine region hosts 14 known species of deepwater coral, some of which have only recently been found by Gulf of Maine scientists. Image on left: Gersemia rubiformis, Red Soft Coral. Photo © Andrew Martinez, used with permission of publisher, Down East Books. Species...

Insect predation sheds light on food web recovery after the dinosaur extinction

...d, typical Paleocene plants temporarily became the hosts to diverse swarms of insects that then disappeared. This decoupling of producer and consumer diversity after mass extinction is a new pattern for the fossil record that researchers can now test for its generality. "Temporally and geographically ...

For diseases, when it comes to sharing a home, only close relatives will do

...tted disease of plants, called "anther smut," into hosts that were already infected, and found that strains are more likely to share a host if they are more closely related. In this way "pathogens seem to interact as we would," says Koskella, "sharing resources with close relatives and being more competi...

Breaks in hibernation help fight bugs

...g of how pathogens interact with their hibernating hosts could provide valuable insight into the spread and emergence of zoonotic diseases. ...

Viral hitchhiker inhibits Wolbachia bacteria's ability to proliferate

...y it does this is by hijacking sperm of its insect hosts and genetically tricking them to bear more infected females, the only sex that transmits the bacteria. Now, a new study from the MBL (Marine Biological Laboratory), published in the May 18 issue of PLoS Pathogens, demonstrates that a virus common to...

How healthy is that marsh? Biologists count parasites

...wn as trematodes, must sequentially infect certain hosts to complete their lifecycle. Snails to crabs to bi...ode species is missing, it could indicate that its hosts are lacking appropriate habitats. "The trematode information provides a novel way to see what we nee...

Even a little cooling helps after cardiac arrest

...wn as trematodes, must sequentially infect certain hosts to complete their lifecycle. Snails to crabs to bi...ode species is missing, it could indicate that its hosts are lacking appropriate habitats. "The trematode information provides a novel way to see what we nee...

Gut microbes' partnership helps body extract energy from food, store it as fat

...teractions between friendly gut microbes and their hosts using gnotobiotic mice. These mice are raised in a manner that keeps them germ-free. They are then colonized with one or more human gut-derived microbes to study how microbial-microbial and microbial-host interactions affect digestive health. Buck S...

Movie spies on malaria parasite's sneaky behavior

...ow parasite movements inside live, infected animal hosts is clear. "It is now possible to follow in real time and quantitative terms the parasite in its host, and that is something we were only dreaming of a few years ago," said Ménard....

A new view on Lyme disease: Rodents hold the key to annual risk

...ed the impacts of fluctuations in the abundance of hosts for larval ticks, and none have examined all of th...mportant food sources--or predators--of the rodent hosts of nymphs will be valuable predictors of disease risk. ...

New strategy developed to combat West Nile Virus

... sites of many species of wild birds, which act as hosts and carriers for the diseases. While confined in t... to act as a carrier, thus some species can act as hosts for certain diseases, while others are more "refractive," ?not carrying enough of the disease to tra...

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