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Tag: "hormone" at biology news

Researchers offer clues to how leaves patterns are formed

... world. For several years it has been known that a hormone called auxin stimulated the formation of the veins...ets." By labeling the protein that transports the hormone auxin with a fluorescent tag, he could then shine a light on the leaves and watch how auxin was bein...

New study reveals signaling pathways required for expansion of pancreas stem cells

...ypes of cells: alpha cells, which make glucagon, a hormone that raises the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood, and beta cells, which make insulin. The article appears in the May 12 issue of The Journal of Biological Chemistry. "Our work focused on guiding stem cells, or pancreas progenitors, to differen...

In drug design, a loose fit may be best bet

...hemical knockoffs resembling a key thyroid-related hormone are, in certain cases, more effective than the rea...notion that the stronger the association between a hormone and its receptor, the more effective its cellular signaling. If the findings hold true for similar h...

Leptin found to control appetite and limb development in frogs

Leptin, the hormone secreted by fat cells that plays an important role...ts on the frog brain to suppress appetite. But the hormone also seems to play a role in the complex signaling that turns a finned tadpole into a four-legged fr...

New research: Soy germ isoflavones reduce bone loss

...t the risky side effects associated with long-term hormone replacement therapy use. This promising research is another step in advancing soy germ isoflavones as a safe, effective option," said Jocelyn Mathern, RD and Technical Specialist, Acatris. The study aimed to examine the effects of a high-dose suppl...

Lack of key enzyme associated with development of rare tumor

...ponse to hormones, Dr. Stratakis explained. For a hormone to affect the cell, it must first bind to a molecule, or receptor, on the cell's surface, analogous to how a key fits into a lock. This action triggers the cell to produce substances known as cyclic nucleotides. These function as "second messengers...

Gene discovery opens door to tackling disease

...el the mystery of how SLIRP works to turn down the hormone action in cancer cells we could potentially develop so-called 'smart' drugs that zoom in on the gene," he said. "The benefit is that 'smart' drugs can mean fewer nasty side effects for patients as they target specific genes, not entire areas of the ...

Diabetes research takes wing thanks to long-lived fruit fly

... and inhibits the production of insulin, a crucial hormone that converts the food we eat into forms that the body can utilize. JNK detects stress in the environment and not only prepares the body to deal with insults from the environment, but also limits the amount of insulin, preparing the body for stress b...

Orange, grapefruit juice for breakfast builds bones in rats

...n was necessary, the researchers said, because the hormone testosterone is known to reduce antioxidants. "This is a problem with aging men, because, the level of testosterone decreases as men age," said Deyhim, adding a similar study on female rats has begun. Deyhim said fresh grapefruit or orange juice -...

No-mow grass may be coming to your yard soon

...ems plausible as scientists have mapped a critical hormone signaling pathway that regulates the stature of pl... Knowing the molecular chain of command -- how the hormone acts to influence genetic events that govern development at the cellular level -- gives scientists a...

Salk scientists untangle steroid hormone signaling in plants

...cal Studies have unraveled how the growth-boosting hormone accomplishes its job at the molecular level. The...ings in this week's journal Nature. "The steroid hormone brassinolide is central to plants' growth. Without it, plants remain extreme dwarfs. If we are going...

Ozone recovering, but unlikely to stabilize at pre-1980 levels, says study

...cal Studies have unraveled how the growth-boosting hormone accomplishes its job at the molecular level. The...ings in this week's journal Nature. "The steroid hormone brassinolide is central to plants' growth. Without it, plants remain extreme dwarfs. If we are going...

Why we could all do with a siesta

...ely orchestrated changes in arousal, food seeking, hormone release and metabolic rate to ensure that the brain always has adequate glucose." Malfunction of orexin neurons can lead to narcolepsy, where sufferers cannot stay awake, and obesity; there is also evidence that orexin neurons play a role in learnin...

Leptin has powerful effect on reward center in the brain

Leptin, a hormone critical for normal food intake and metabolism, ex...as been well studied, but it was not known how the hormone affected activity in the VTA, which contains dopamine neurons that are important in modulating motiv...

Adults who go to bed lonely get stress hormone boost next morning

... morning. Elevated levels of cortisol -- a stress hormone linked to depression, obesity and other health pro... of positive social experiences that help regulate hormone levels, she said. Adam also is a faculty fellow at C2S: The Center on Social Disparities and Heal...

Genetic 'roadmap' charts links between drugs and human disease

...oughput chemical screen for molecules that disrupt hormone signals in prostate cancer cells and then used the Connectivity Map to help uncover its precise molecular action. As confirmed through additional work, gedunin disrupts a key quality control mechanism in the cell. Another key finding suggests a new...

New mechanism explains glucose effect on wakefulness

...ely orchestrated changes in arousal, food seeking, hormone release, and metabolic rate, to ensure that the brain always has adequate glucose." Malfunction of orexin neurons can lead to narcolepsy and obesity, and researchers have also found evidence that orexin neurons play a role in learning, reward-seekin...

Protein shown to rally biological clock

...hrony so that functions like the wake-sleep cycle, hormone secretion and loco motor behaviors are coordinated daily over a 24-hour period. Erik Herzog, Ph.D., Washington University associate professor of Biology in Arts & Sciences, Sara Aton, Ph.D., a graduate student in Herzog’s lab who is now a postd...

New path from estrogen to survival in breast cancer cells described

...n, in exquisite molecular detail, how the estrogen hormone can help keep breast cancer cells alive. In the ...e resistant the cell is to apoptosis. Estrogen, a hormone that acts as growth fuel for about 70 percent of breast cancers. Researchers are interested in...

A giant among minnows: Giant danio can keep growing

...udy’s second phase, the researchers applied growth hormone once every three weeks for 17 weeks to adults of both species. The adult danio continued to grow during the 17-week trial and analysis of muscle fibers showed hyperplastic muscle growth. Adult zebrafish did not exhibit increased growth or hyperplas...

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