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Tag: "hemoglobin" at biology news

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...d blood cell infection, P. falciparum degrades the hemoglobin in the red cell, producing a toxic byproduct known as heme, which the parasite then crystallizes so that it won't be poisoned by it. Eventually, however, an infected person can die from cerebral hemorrhages or anemia that are consequences of red cell...

Catching cancer's spread by watching hemoglobin

...cious areas that need to be investigated. Since hemoglobin is highly concentrated in red blood cells, imaging... can detect the difference between oxygen-carrying hemoglobin (oxyhemoglobin) and oxygen-lacking hemoglobin (deoxyhemoglobin). This is important for monitoring tu...

Better assessment of transfusions could save blood

...cell (RBC) transfusions in order to restore proper hemoglobin levels. New research shows that alternative treatm...e not consistently demonstrated that the increased hemoglobin level with transfusion leads to improved tissue oxygenation. At this point in time, there are no con...

Tracking sperm whales and jumbo squid

... hand, take the oxygen down with them bound to the hemoglobin in their blood and the myoglobin in their muscles, so they don’t have to worry about hypoxia at depth." By spending most of their time in cold, deep waters, he noted, sperm whales can take advantage of a vulnerable squid, whether it’s slowed down ...

Walking molecule now carries packages

...urface," he said. "In the human body, the molecule hemoglobin carries oxygen from and carbon dioxide to the lungs, thereby allowing us to breathe ?and to live." Bartels cautions, however, that this research is still in its infancy. "In 2005 we invented the molecular walker, which moves in a straight line rath...

New imaging technique tracks traffic patterns of white blood cells

...t help carry oxygen throughout the body. Abnormal hemoglobin polymerizes, and red blood cells become sickle-shaped. Sickle-shaped red blood cells then clog blood vessels by sticking to white blood cells and depriving the body of needed oxygen. Using this new imaging method, red blood cells in a mouse model...

It's in your head: The brain's own globin defends you from shock and stroke

...role against brain damage. Structurally similar to hemoglobin (blood) and myoglobin (skeletal muscle), neuroglob...ed to physiological stress, such as stroke. Unlike hemoglobin or myoglobin, however, neuroglobin's primary function does not appear to involve transporting oxygen...

Vaccine shown effective against chancroid

...rchers found that immunizing swine with a purified hemoglobin receptor protected the animals from a challenge in...that prevented the chancroid bacteria from binding hemoglobin and, hence, obtaining the heme it needs to survive, the authors said. In skin biopsies of the immu...

Scientists reverse evolution

... beta-thalassemia, which occurs when a mutant beta hemoglobin gene results in faulty production of hemoglobin. T...essentially creating an embryonic or juvenile beta hemoglobin gene that could make hemoglobin normally during adult life. ...

Heart has enough oxygen to survive hypothermia, CPR crucial

... help transport oxygen and help unload oxygen from hemoglobin were working. "As a consequence, oxygen supply was...because unloading of oxygen at the cell level from hemoglobin is functioning," Tveita stated. Thus, it appears that the problem comes as a result of the lower car...

Birth defects: 8 million annually worldwide

...births); neural tube defects (323,904 births); the hemoglobin disorders thalassemia and sickle cell disease (307,897 births); Down syndrome (217,293 births); and G6PD deficiency (177,032 births). The database includes only birth defects due to genetic or partly genetic causes. Exact figures for birth defects ...

Researchers show key protein necessary for normal development of red blood cells

...ginia Commonwealth University researchers studying hemoglobin genes, mutations of which play a role in genetic blood disorders like sickle cell anemia and beta-thalassemia, have shown in studies with mice that the KLF2 protein is crucial for making young red blood cells. The findings may point researchers to ...

Sickle cell disease corrected in human models using stem cell-based gene therapy

...nology. To prevent the production of the abnormal hemoglobin that causes sickle cell disease, a viral vector wa...fering RNA precursor designed to suppress abnormal hemoglobin formation. Tested in adult stem cells from SCD patients, researchers found that the newly formed re...

Zinc supplements safe for HIV-infected children

... HIV-infected children. The CD4+ T lymphocytes and hemoglobin concentrations also were similar between the two study groups. Importantly, HIV-infected children who received zinc supplementation were less likely to get watery diarrhea. "Programs to increase zinc supplementation in populations with a high preval...

Attacks of King George III's madness linked to key metabolism molecule

...n, heme is a building block of the oxygen-carrying hemoglobin in red blood cells. The complex synthesis requires eight different enzymes, and when any of them is deficient because of a mutation, the process is blocked. The resulting back up of "precursor" substances is toxic, and can cause a range of symptoms, ...

Sickle cell and protection against malaria

...most afflicted by malaria the gene for sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS) occurs very frequently. The protection against malaria occurs in people who are heterozygote (HbAS), i.e., have one normal and one sickle gene, and previous work has suggested that there is an immune component to this protection. To discover w...

Discovery Promises Simpler Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease

... that, in addition to its role in oxygen delivery, hemoglobin acts a biosensor, adjusting blood flow according t... In the current study, the researchers found that hemoglobin in the red cells of patients with sickle cell disease fails to process nitric oxide properly. As a r...

Plant hemoglobins: Oxygen handlers critical for nitrogen fixation

...rs reveal this week that one such mysterious plant hemoglobin serves to assist in the fixation of nitrogen in the root nodules of legumes through a process that is conceptually not unlike that undertaken by mammalian hemoglobins in facilitating oxygen transport and exchange in the blood. The most conspicuous p...

Molecular machine may lead to new drugs to combat human diseases

...d trans-splicing technique has been used to repair hemoglobin infected with sickle cell anemia. The new structure provides scientists with tools to expand on ways to harness this molecular machine, Golden said. The other researchers on this study were Hajeong Kim, graduate student, and Elaine Chase, research a...

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