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Tag: "hard" at biology news

Prenatal cocaine's lasting cellular effects

...recreational doses of cocaine, it is actually very hard to distinguish those children at birth from children born to anyone else," he said. "However, as those children age, they do develop deficits in their cognitive and emotional development." These children often exhibit attention and arousal probl...

Large size crucial for Amazon forest reserves

...of this study, say the authors, was that birds are hard to detect. When one samples a plot of forest it is easy to miss species that actually exist there. To distinguish real absences from detection failures, the authors used state of the art statistical methods developed by James Nichols and colleagues, ...

Cartilage discovery offers arthritis hope

... UK, is caused by the wear and tear of the smooth, hard cartilage tissue that covers the ends of bones allowing them to glide over one another at the joint. Scientists have long known that cartilage gets its strength from interlocking millimetre-long collagen fibres that work in a similar way to the loa...

Darwin's famous finches and Venter's marine microbes

...g his voyage on the HMS Beagle. Similarly, it is hard to predict the impact the vast amount of marine microbial DNA ?collected during the Sorcerer II Global Ocean Sampling Expedition by J. Craig Venter, Ph.D., and his team ?will have on our understanding of the natural world. "If anything, this is j...

Scientists clone mice from adult skin stem cells

...ferent diseases, for which patient tissue is often hard to come by. "There are many diseases, such as liver, pancreatic and neurodegenerative disorders where researchers are only able to obtain affected tissue from autopsies," says Fuchs. If on the other hand, scientists are able to generate embry...

Trusting your instincts leads you to the right answer

...ore likely to perform well if you do not think too hard and instead trust your instincts. The research, published online today in the journal Current Biology, shows that, in some cases, instinctive snap decisions are more reliable than decisions taken using higher-level cognitive processes. Participants,...

McBride shows DNA detective work with paper-eating bacteria that 'glide'

...tin. Like cellulose, chitin, which is found in the hard shells of lobsters and insects, is also difficult to break down. McBride hypothesizes that digestion of cellulose and chitin may also be linked to cell movement, or motility. "Loss of motility results in loss of ability to digest chitin," he says...

How trees manage water in arid environments

...y is so low that water is scarce to begin with and hard to hold onto when there is a rare cloudburst. Rain that collects in puddles is quickly sucked up by evaporation into the dry air. Most of the rest runs off before it can soak into the ground. Maintaining an adequate supply of water is a constant chal...

Study finds surfing safer than soccer

...when surfing in large waves or over an area with a hard bottom." The sport of surfing has rapidly grown in popularity since the 1960's, but little is known about surfing injuries ?especially the relative frequency, mechanisms and risk factors. Nathanson and his research team collected injury data from ...

Smithsonian scientists discover new marine species in eastern Pacific

...the sheer number of novel marine organisms. "It's hard to imagine, while snorkeling around a tropical island that's only a three-hour flight from the United States, that half the animals you see are unknown to science," Collin said. "Overwhelming diversity," said Jon Norenburg, an expert in ribbon wor...

Farmed salmon could become an invasive species in forest streams

...al in stating their views. I wanted to look at the hard evidence to determine the short- and long-term risks to native species in streams on National Forests." Bisson, a staff scientist with the Pacific Northwest Research Station/Forest Service, began work on the report, Assessment of the Risk of Invas...

Helium helps patients breathe easier

...xercise. "This means they don't have to work as hard to breathe and they are not so short of breath during exercise, which allows them to do more," said Dr. Neil Eves, lead author on the study. Eves conducted the study for his PhD dissertation at the University of Alberta. In the study 10 clinically...

Paper challenges 1491 Amazonian population theories

..., and difficult to get people to map stuff, or put hard numbers on it, but there is a sentiment that the Amazonia has been disturbed and that the view of the Amazonian rainforest as a built landscape is gaining momentum. There are extremes at either ends, and the majority of people are in middle but there...

Scientists identify pancreatic cancer stem cells

...d Simeone. "If that is why pancreatic cancer is so hard to treat, a new approach might be to design a drug that specifically targets pancreatic cancer stem cells without interfering with normal stem cell function." While such a drug has not been developed, ongoing research suggests it is possible to do...

Rapid response was crucial to containing the 1918 flu pandemic

...f the studies. “While researchers are working very hard to develop pandemic influenza vaccines and increase the speed with which they can be made, nonpharmaceutical interventions may buy valuable time at the beginning of a pandemic while a targeted vaccine is being produced.? The historical analyses ar...

Individuals and populations differ in gene activity levels, not just genes

...akes drug development so difficult, or why it's so hard to pinpoint an exact cause for a particular disease," said Akey. "People have so much variation both in their genetic information and in how those genes are activated and regulated. We need to have a much better understanding of human genetic and gen...

DNA analysis suggests under-reported kills of threatened whales

...culty in even locating the whales, and it has been hard to reconcile the small numbers sighted at sea with the numbers reported via bycatch. "This means that there is no accepted estimate of the total abundance of this population," Baker added, "but it seems likely that it is small and declining becaus...

An ancient bathtub ring of mammoth fossils

... were likely buried soon after death-by-torrent, a hard to imagine wall of water a half-mile high spanning the doomed creature’s entire field of vision and approaching as fast as 60 miles an hour. Some fragments may have come from full skeletons churned up and redistributed by later floods, while others m...

pHLIP, a novel technology to locate and treat tumors

...a recent discovery from our lab and we are pushing hard as a team to test possible applications,?said Engelman. “We are very excited by the possibilities for both imaging and treating tumors.? The pHLIP molecule has three states: soluble in water, bound to the surface of a membrane, and inserted ac...

Technique monitors thousands of molecules simultaneously

...les having novel structures? "We've worked very hard to develop new chemical reactions that allow us to make new structures that are either difficult or impossible to make with the synthetic tools available," he said. "But now for the first time it's not just a matter of structure, but rather a matter ...

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