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Tag: "guide" at biology news

Nanotubes used for first time to send signals to nerve cells

...les attached to their surfaces that may be used to guide cell growth or customize nanotube electrical properties, to cells cultured on unmodified "native" carbon nanotubes and conventional tissue culture plastic. "Native carbon nanotubes support neuron attachment and growth well -- as we expected, better ...

High-tech research shows cocaine changes proteins and brain function

... that cocaine has on the human brain and will help guide future animal studies to further delineate the biochemical changes that comprise the addicted brain," said Hemby, associate professor of physiology and pharmacology. The researchers compared the proteome (the entire complement of proteins expressed...

3-D ultrasound scanner could guide robotic surgeries

...ultrasound scanner they developed can successfully guide a surgical robot. The scanner could find applicat...e information in a 3-D ultrasound scan to actually guide a robot," said Stephen Smith, professor of biomedical engineering at Duke's Pratt School of Engineer...

Where we change our mind

...in an estimate as to his/her current location as a guide for deciding the next turn," they wrote, "but in the absence of incontrovertible a priori information, this estimate is best represented by the subject's belief. As information is acquired through observation, this belief may become increasingly conv...

Solvent exposure linked to birth defects in babies of male painters

...tudy, but more robust investigations are needed to guide policy-makers," Dr. Burstyn said. The study focused on questionnaires filled out by a random sample of 398 painters exposed to a mixture of chemicals present in organic solvents and 302 carpenters with little or no exposure, in the period of three ...

Scientists work to identify genes that contribute to early heart attack risk

...discovery of new genes and new pathways that could guide the development of new drug treatments that may be more effective in preventing the development of heart disease," said Herrington. The researchers will take advantage of data from two large-scale studies: LSU Health Sciences Center’s Pathobiologic...

Jefferson researchers uncover new way nature turns genes on and off

... the functioning of homeotic, or HOX, genes, which guide the master developmental plan of the organism. "We think that this new mechanism operates early in embryogenesis," says Dr. Mazo. According to Dr. Mazo, the researchers found that one of the likely mechanisms behind ncRNAs' ability to regulate ...

Incidence of stroke decreases over last 50 years

... stroke have varied. Determining trends could help guide health programs, public policy, and the allocation of research funding. Raphael Carandang, M.D., of Boston University, and colleagues examined data from the Framingham Study (health study, with participants initially recruited in 1948) to determi...

Researchers discover new gene responsible for brittle bone disease

...n, called CRTAP (cartilage-associated protein), to guide collagen production as it forms the proper framework of bone. "The study is important because it clarifies a new mechanism by which the OI can occur and makes possible new tests to identify affected children and provide them with added medical su...

A wolf in sheep's clothing: Plague bacteria reveal one of their virulence tricks

... disrupting it by mutation. Using the structure to guide him, he changed three amino acids of YpkA that contacted host proteins, and then looked at how the mutated bacteria affected human cells compared to the original wild-type Yersinia. His results confirmed the hypothesis from the structural study: Whil...

Plague proteome reveals proteins linked to infection

...tion tools in public health and biodefense and can guide drug and vaccine designers in their quest to disrupt the microbe’s ability to infect. Y. pestis is the bacterium that caused the infamous Black Death plagues. Fleas are vectors for the disease and can spread it to rodent and human hosts. This stu...

Advance helps explain stem cell behavior

...he human gestational period, as genetic mechanisms guide the "readout" of DNA and control the formation of different types of cells. The cell types themselves are created well before they are "wired together" to create functional organs and bodily systems. The same basic process takes place in humans, sc...

Newly discovered behavior in cancer cells signals dangerous metastasis

...ia-Blanco, the cellular switch that is believed to guide the regulation of splicing is a protein called Fox. Both mesenchymal and epithelial cells produce Fox, but the protein is active only in epithelial cells, Garcia-Blanco said. Fox also may have an accomplice or "co-factor" in or around epithelial cel...

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

...gamma waves to produce a finer map of the brain to guide neurosurgeons during brain surgery and potentially to use these same high frequency oscillations to control robotic devices in paralyzed patients. "This represents a paradigm shift in how we map brain function," said Berger. "As a neurosurgeon, I wo...

Protein 'fingerprint' in spinal fluid could spot Alzheimer's disease

...ents and doctors could use to diagnose illness and guide treatment is the ultimate goal. But the finding has important implications for current Alzheimer's research, as well. "You might have a promising treatment for the disease, but how can you know for sure that it's impacting on the underlying pathol...

Squid-inspired design could mean better handling of underwater vehicles

...o classic sci-fi films - may soon allow doctors to guide tiny capsules with jet thrusters through the human digestive tract, enabling them to diagnose disease and dispense medications. Kamran Mohseni, an assistant professor of aerospace engineering sciences, will present these and other details at the A...

Replacing insulin is top-ranked breakthrough foreseen for health in developing world

...uthors say the study results represent a potential guide for the policy formulation at international and bilateral aid agencies, and within developing countries. And they recommend: An initiative on Grand Challenges in Non-communicable Diseases, modelled on the success of Grand Challenges in Global H...

Powerful genome ID method extended to humans

...g optical maps of healthy and diseased genomes can guide researchers to crucial mutations. Though he called optical mapping "potentially very powerful," Green added that it requires such a high level of expertise that only a couple of laboratories in the world use the method. The Waterman group's alg...

Computer scientists unravel 'language of surgery'

...ow a surgeon, seated at a computer workstation, to guide robotic tools to perform minimally invasive procedures involving the heart, the prostate and other organs. Although only a tiny fraction of hospital operations involve the da Vinci, the device's value to Hager's team is that all of the robot's surgic...

The power of one: A simpler, cheaper method for cell fusion

...affords researchers greater insight into how genes guide protein synthesis. It also may be used to create large quantities of different disease-specific antibodies and has helped scientists clone mammals. The current technique for electrofusion requires a pricey electrical pulse-generator, which could c...

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