Billions of dollars saved in US by polio vaccination
...oviruses around the world, these results provide a glimpse of the massive economic benefits of global polio eradication." To date, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative has succeeded in reducing the annual cases of paralytic polio from an estimated 350,000 cases in 1988 to less than 2,000 cases in 2006. Th...Scientists unveil piece of HIV protein that may be key to AIDS vaccine development
...ceptor known as CD4. That image gave researchers a glimpse of some sites on the virus that could be targets of drugs or vaccines, but it also revealed the extent of HIV's overlapping defenses. For example, scientists subsequently learned that CD4-gp120 contact causes gp120 to change shape, a viral feint know...Newborn brains grow vision and movement regions first
...w very little about. This study gives us the first glimpse into understanding that," he said. The study is ...needs to be done. "This study gives us the first glimpse that there are regional differences in how quickly the brain is growing, and these regional differen...Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes
...s, the first applications of the technique offer a glimpse into the contorted form of a human protein that is implicated in type II diabetes. Pancreatic damage in type II diabetes has been linked to toxic clumps of the protein hIAPP (human islet amyloid polypeptide), which is normally produced by the sam...DOE JGI sets 'gold standard' for metagenomic data analysis
...picture of the entire community, so you only get a glimpse of the identities of multiple genomes. All the publications to date have made the assumption that these tools will work as efficiently for metagenomes, "but we really didn't know." Nikos Kyrpides, DOE JGI Genome Biology Program Head, said that, to...Puzzling plankton yield secrets to role in evolution/global photosynthesis
...mation of related species, genomics offers a novel glimpse into this paradox. The researchers compared the genomes of two Ostreococcus species, O. lucimarinus and O. tauri, and saw dramatic changes in genome structure and metabolic capabilities. "We found several striking features of genome organization,...Small, self-controlled planes combine plant pathology and engineering
...rch but has also given scientists an unprecedented glimpse into the life of microorganisms hundreds of meters above the surface of the earth. “Until recently, researchers used autonomous UAVs for military applications, but now we can apply this cutting-edge technology to agriculture,” said Schmale, who is...A new plant-bacterial symbiotic mechanism promising for crop applications
...lf, which remains to be fully determined, brings a glimpse of future agricultural applications. Many plants live in symbiosis with bacteria, but the mechanisms are known for only a small number of these interactions. The demonstration of alternative pathways capable of triggering the nodulation signal in...