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Tag: "genome" at biology news

'Hidden-hero' microbes in soil, water may help naturally clean toxic sites

...ria we named Geobacter FRC-32," Kostka added. "The genome of this organism now has been sequenced, and we will use that genome sequence and those of other 'bugs' at Oak Ridge in developing our new bioremediation strategies for ...

NIH neuroscience microarray consortium launches high-throughput genotyping services

...roarray technologies for scanning the entire human genome and all of the genes for which it encodes." Each of the four members of the Consortium offer specialized services. The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) offers both expression profiling and SNP genotyping on Affymetrix Genechips. UC...

Biologists call for better choice of model organisms in 'evo-devo'

... that allow us to calculate how much an organism’s genome has changed over time, when making assessments about how much an animal resembles its ancestor, because this information can be helpful in estimating how much an organism’s phenotype has changed." Dr Wills added: "Establishing criteria for choosin...

Chromosomal microarray analysis proves accurate

...p of chromosomes in a particular part of the human genome (genetic blueprint). In areas of the genome, th...al group of patients studied. This high resolution genome analysis promise to transform the practice of clinical genetics," said Beaudet. More important, t...

Faster, low cost sequencing technologies needed to drive era of personalized medicine

...or more charged for every human or mammalian-sized genome sequenced. Now, with a grant award from the Natio...000 times lower than current technology - to make genome sequencing a routine diagnostic tool in medical care. The reduced cost may allow doctors to tailor ...

Cloned mice created from fully differentiated cells, a milestone in cloning research

...cause the resulting new embryo contains the entire genome of the donor somatic cell it is an identical copy. This cloned embryo is then implanted into a surrogate mother, and, if the process is successful, is carried to term. In their studies, the researchers compared the efficiency for cloning mice using...

Neuron cell stickiness may hold key to evolution of the human brain

...enetics is what are the DNA sequences in the human genome responsible for the capabilities that distinguish ... on or off. In this study by comparing the entire genome of many organisms to that of humans we were able to identify a series of human-specific sequence cha...

Novel experiment documents evolution of genome in near-real time

...ave previously published static "snapshots" of the genome sequences of more than 100 bacterial species, from...e organisms adapt. Palsson's team used comparative genome sequencing technology developed by NimbleGen Systems Inc., a Madison, WI-based biotech firm, to iden...

Molecular atlas provides new tool for understanding estrogen-fueled breast cancer

Lurking in unexplored regions of the human genome are thousands of previously unknown on/off switche... on "microarray chips" containing the entire human genome sequence. This allowed the researchers to identify all the points in the genome where binding with t...

Genome info from 'plant destroyers' could save trees, beans and chocolate

...nal team of scientists has published the first two genome sequences from a destructive group of plant pathog...iosciences, which helped fund the work. "These new genome sequences will contribute to our basic understanding of normal plant-microbe relationships as well a...

NHGRI aims to make DNA sequencing faster, more cost effective

... to lower the cost of sequencing a mammalian-sized genome to $100,000, allowing researchers to sequence the ...hich will enable the sequencing of an individual's genome during routine medical care. The ability to sequence an individual genome cost-effectively could ena...

New clues to how sex evolves

...rnburg. "Gene duplication is common throughout the genome in all species, but unless a duplicated gene quickly acquires a new function, it is not likely to be conserved. The group of related zinc-finger protein genes in C. elegans offers an opportunity to address the question of how and why new zinc-finger ...

Sequencing of the oyster mushroom genome

...s leading an international project to sequence the genome of the oyster mushroom. The project research team ...uch as the yucca or cotton, it has been chosen for genome sequencing by the mentioned North American Genome Institute. The oyster mushroom and CO 2 balanc...

Peering into the shadow world of RNA

...s control everything of importance in biology. The genome rules all of life, it is thought. Increasingly, h...h each other and with genes directly to manage the genome from behind the scenes. In particular, RNA produced by the vast stretches of DNA that do not cod...

Common ancestry of bacterium and plants could be key to an effective new treatment for chlamydia

...asily compare plants and bacteria is the result of genome sequencing, which has decoded the complete genetic...r experiments revealed that in addition to sharing genome sequences, Chlamydia and plants share similar functions as well. Furthermore, they found that the pa...

Genome archaeology illuminates the genetic engineering debate

...view of genes being fixed in their position in the genome is largely based on studies in animal genomes. In ...25 percent have "jumped" to other locations in the genome during the course of evolution. Two-thirds of the original genes from the ancestral four sets of chr...

Discovery of the first resistance gene to rice yellow mottle virus

...e 4 containing the resistance gene. Data from rice genome sequencing have been extremely useful for research...f the transgene . Viruses are built with a small genome coding for a limited number of proteins (5 in the RYMVs). They therefore need their host's proteins ...

NYU biologists identify gene that coordinates two cellular processes

...egans (C. elegans), the first animal species whose genome was completely sequenced and a model organism to study how embryos develop. The study appearing in Current Biology was performed by NYU's Fabio Piano, an assistant professor, and Anita Fernandez, a post-doctoral researcher, at the Center for Compara...

Brown scientists map structure of DNA-doctoring protein complex

More than half of the human genome is made up of bits of mobile DNA, which can travel inside the body and insert genes into the chromosomes of target cells. This DNA doctoring not only shapes species over time, it also spreads antibiotic resistance and is used by bacteria that spread ...

American scientist's research of life's first cells

...t of a cell's two fundamentals: a self-replicating genome (in this case made of RNA) contained in a vesicle that separates the genome from the external environment. Chen describes how interactions between the RNA and the vesicle's mem...

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