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Tag: "genome" at biology news

Elucidation of the genome for diabetics with DNA chips

The genome of patients with type 2 diabetes (DT2) has been el... of DT2 cases. Insufficient knowledge of the human genome and the absence of cheap, simple-to-use, rapid analytical techniques hampered progress in medical re...

Finnish scientists discovered a new approach to treat virus-induced lymphomas

...stricted set of viral genes is expressed. The KSHV genome encodes several homologues of cellular proteins, which engage cellular signaling pathways, govern cell proliferation and modulate apoptosis. Majority of the PELs appear to have an intact TP53 gene suggesting that genetic alterations are not selec...

DNA ends: Common tool, different job

...the conventional RPA complex acts elsewhere in the genome to raise a red flag to attract the attention of the repair machinery," says Lundblad, "curiously, the t-RPA complex performs the exact opposite function at chromosome ends, ensuring that these tips do not become targets for DNA repair." ...

Twin studies reveal genetic components leading to cardiac and kidney disease

... is called the index of heritability. The human genome has three billion base pairs and about 30,000 genes. O’Connor and his research team have looked at about 900 of these 30,000 genes. "We’re just scratching the surface," he said. The researchers hope to more densely and systematically evaluate ...

Stopping plants from getting sick

...racterize one gene. Now that we have sequenced the genome of a smut fungus, I can look through thousands of genes on my desktop computer." Kronstad is now using his NSERC-funded research as a foundation to fight an outbreak of the yeast fungus Cryptococcus on Vancouver Island, applying his research on pl...

Scientists perform 'tricky' operation

...lved in drug resistance. "The completion of the genome sequence by The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) and subsequent annotation of the genome database has opened many avenues of research by providing a searchable data set," Ms Dunne said. ...

Gene study shows three distinct groups of chimpanzees

...about 250,000 years ago. "Even though the chimp genome has been sequenced, it's amazing how little we kno...bout gorillas and orangutans." The chimpanzee genome differs from the bonobo genome by about 0.3 percent, which is one-fourth the distance between humans...

Susceptibility to Crohn's disease -- an important new clue

...riations occurring when a single nucleotide in the genome differs between members of a species ?Cécile Libio...owed systematic association scanning of the entire genome for the detection of novel susceptibility loci ?fixed positions on a chromosome, such as the positio...

Largest genomic search finds genes that may contribute to autism

...y number variations are fairly common in the human genome and many of them are believed to be benign. "But until you know the function, you don't know what happens when there is an insertion or deletion of this genetic material," he added. Scientists believe that there may be five or six major genes a...

Mosquito genes explain response to climate change

...esponse, "but it does tell us in what parts of the genome we must look to identify the mechanism of photoper...are three billion base pairs in humans. As various genome maps are being completed, scientists now face the task of determining how genes interact and how the...

The connector rotation hypothesis? Phage do not pack their DNA by rotation

...which a powerful molecular motor must pack the DNA genome into the virus's preformed shell (the capsid). How it manages this intricate feat has been subject to debate, but we know that the DNA passes into the capsid shell through a channel formed by a structure called the connector. Scientists have speculat...

Tiny clue reveals new path toward heart disease

...ious study, the researchers had scanned the entire genome -- the body's genetic blueprint -- of a group of families in which at least two siblings had early onset coronary artery disease, looking for regions of "linkage" where DNA variations appeared to be inherited along with the disease. They found just s...

Gene hunters close in on Lou Gehrig’s disease

...his month, Traynor and his team scanned the entire genome of 276 adult male and female subjects with sporadi...n as “SNP chips?to analyze all 555,352 SNPs in the genome of each subject. SNP chips are glass slides that resemble computer processor chips. They’re coated w...

Deep in the ocean, a clam that acts like a plant

... in hydrogen sulfide to replace sunlight. Now, the genome of this symbiont has been completely sequenced and published in Science. "The difference here is that while plants get their energy and carbon via photosynthesis by chloroplast symbionts, this clam gets its energy via chemosynthesis," said Jonathan ...

Mitochondrial genes move to the nucleus -- but it's not for the sex

... most obvious benefit of being part of the nuclear genome is recombination, after all, but little recombination takes place in self-pollinating species. So what, exactly, might be luring mitochondrial genes to the nucleus? "We're not quite sure why yet, but we've hypothesized that successful mitochondri...

Cracking open the black box of autoimmune disease

...y technology developed by Young to scan the entire genome of T cells and locate the genes controlled by Foxp3. There were roughly 30 genes found to be directly controlled by Foxp3 and one, called Ptpn22, showed a particularly strong affinity. "This relation was striking because Ptpn22 is strongly associ...

2,000 influenza virus genomes now completed and publicly accessible

...umber of scientists worldwide depositing influenza genome sequence data into the public domain including scientists at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention." ...

Genomics throws species definition in question for microbes

... of species. The acquisition of draft-quality genome sequences for all type strains to help advance the integration of genomic information into our understanding of microbial diversity and enable researchers to map phenotypes to genomes. ...

How fish conquered the ocean

... relation to the "Three round hypothesis" of whole genome duplication among vertebrates, and the functional end points of the vitellogenin fractional degradation during the final stages of oogenesis, a period that prepares the egg for spawning and fertilization. They show that teleost vitellogenins have und...

A first glimpse of the influenza replication machine

...rucial in this process because it copies the viral genome and directs the production of its proteins. Interfering with polymerase function would prevent the virus replicating, thereby reducing the spread of the virus and the severity of the infection. "For many years scientists have tried to understand ...

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