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Tag: "genome" at biology news

Detecting poisons in nectar is an odour-ous task for honeybees

...e or scent with food. The newly-sequenced honeybee genome has revealed that honeybees do not have as many genes for taste receptors as other animals of a similar size, such as flies and mosquitoes. This prompted scientists to think that perhaps honeybees had a reduced need to detect and learn about toxins,...

Individuals and populations differ in gene activity levels, not just genes

...and was led by Joshua Akey, assistant professor of genome sciences, and John Storey, associate professor of genome sciences and of biostatistics. Their findings appear in the March issue of the American Journal of H...

Genome sequencing reveals key to viable ethanol production

..., and it was only possible because C. thermocellum genome was just recently sequenced, thanks to Wu’s collab...t of Energy. With its 100 busy enzymes, the entire genome had to be observed as a whole, since fiddling with combinations of two, three, or more enzymes at a ...

Study examines genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease

...to look comprehensively at every gene in the human genome in Alzheimer’s Disease and we hope that there are other exciting findings to come.? There is no known cure or preventative treatment for Alzheimer’s disease, which affects one in 20 people over the age of 65 and one in five over the age of 80 in th...

Super-fermenting fungus genome sequenced

...e-old process. “The information embedded in the genome sequence of Pichia has helped us identify several gene targets to improve xylose metabolism,?said Pichia paper lead author Thomas W. Jeffries of the Forest Products Laboratory in Madison, Wisconsin. “We are now engineering these genes to increase et...

Beyond the DNA: Chemical signatures reveal genetic switches in the genome

...issues in which genes are expressed. "The human genome is packaged within each cell by chromatin, a structure composed of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones," explains lead author Nathaniel Heintzman, from LICR and the UCSD Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program. "We used genome-scale approaches t...

Despite their heft, many dinosaurs had surprisingly tiny genomes

...rd. So say scientists who've linked bone cell and genome size among living species and then used that new understanding to gauge the genome sizes of 31 species of extinct dinosaurs and birds, whose bone cells can be measured from the fossil...

Mine runoff continues to provide clues to microbial diversification

...on on organisms that do not directly have complete genome sequencing information,?VerBerkmoes said. “As a re...human proteomics because not everyone’s individual genome will be sequenced.? The pink microbial biofilm communities found in the mine runoff provide perfec...

Researchers identify gene involved in dog size

...e new finding follows on the completion of the dog genome sequence, announced in December 2005, research t...cing Research Network. The availability of the dog genome sequence allows researchers to better compare the human and dog genomes and narrow their search for ...

Horse genome assembled

The first draft of the horse genome sequence has been deposited in public databases an...he approximately 2.7 billion DNA base pairs in the genome of the horse (Equus caballus) was funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), on...

Nanotechnology meets biology and DNA finds its groove

...gy that works, and that's demonstrated to work for genome analysis," says de Pablo. "It's a very robust method that can be used in a variety of settings." In addition to Schwartz and de Pablo, authors of the PNAS study include Kyubong Jo, Dalia M. Dhingra, Michael D. Grahm, Rod Runnheim and Dan Forrest, ...

McBride shows DNA detective work with paper-eating bacteria that 'glide'

...ydrate's conversion into ethanol. Sequencing the genome of C. hutchinsonii provides what McBride calls a "...e of which have potential uses in bioenergy. The genome has revealed surprises, he says. "Microorganisms typically require two kinds of enzymes to efficie...

Researchers find gene mutation that causes infertility in male mice

...esearchers randomly induced mutations in the mouse genome and then looked for infertility in the resulting mice. They then analyzed the DNA of the sterile males and identified the allele that caused the infertility. While most studies on the genetics of fertility stem from analyses of mice that have had a c...

Analysis of rhesus monkey genome uncovers genetic differences with humans, chimps

...tional consortium of researchers has published the genome sequence of the rhesus macaque monkey and aligned ... National Institutes of Health (NIH), compared the genome sequences of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) with that of human (Homo sapiens) and chimp (Pan troglo...

Bacteria control how infectious they become, study finds

...its structure lets it control key sequences of the genome during transcription, the process of transferring genetic information inside a cell and one of the first steps of gene expression. “Making RfaH work only at specific sites is, in a sense, a genius way to prevent it from interfering with NusG,?Arts...

Research on grey mould offers possible breakthrough in tomato cultivation

...inkers next made a step-by-step scan of the entire genome of the wild tomato to identify locations that have an effect on resistance. Ten areas were found that accommodated resistance factors against grey mould. DNA-markers were then developed for each area to be able to track the presence of each resistanc...

Autism gene identified by researchers at Yale working with a global research consortium

...edition. They are based on the largest-ever autism genome scan. Over 120 scientists from over 50 institutions who formed the Autism Genome Project (AGP) performed the research. The AGP began in 2002 when researchers from around the world decided to collaborate and share their samples, data and expertise to ...

Infection detectives use disease 'fingerprints' to track common infections in children

...roarray, which contains probes for the whole human genome and measures which genes are turned on or off. In this study, researchers analyzed gene expression patterns in leukocytes from 29 children at Children’s known to have one of four common infections: flu (influenza A); staph (Staphylococcus aureus...

Scientists find new genes for Crohn's disease

..., but they also highlight the promise of the human genome project and subsequent investments by the NIH in l...s for genetic risk factors located in areas of the genome where there are no known genes. "Further work will be necessary to identify the causal genes in thes...

Scientists sequence genome of parasite responsible for common sexually transmitted infection

... diagnostics and a potential vaccine strategy. The genome sequencing project, funded by the National Institu...rprised to find such a large and highly repetitive genome comprising nearly 26,000 predicted genes as determined by computer models and previously sequenced p...

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