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Tag: "genes" at biology news

Used in a new way, RNA interference permanently silences key breast cancer gene

...se RNAi in more than just experiments that silence genes temporarily," says the study's principal investiga...d as a laboratory tool to knock down expression of genes in a variety of cells and organisms. It works by introducing a small double-stranded RNA (RNAi) that...

Bioelectronic ‘signatures?hold key to DNA mutations

...ices for the rapid screening and identification of genes that harbor disease. Joseph Wang, director of the Center for Bioelectronics and Biosensors at the Biodesign Institute at ASU, led a team effort that successfully merged work in the fields of biosensors, electronics, and nanotechnology to fashion nan...

Different microarray systems more alike than previously thought

...nt that can analyze the expression of thousands of genes at once to create a genetic "fingerprint," suggests these different microarray technologies are more alike than once thought. Published in the May 2005 issue of Nature Methods, the study provides new hope that the mounds of information generated by ...

Study: 'homemade' gene expression technology unreliable

...entists determine how the expression of individual genes is turned up or down by placing copies of DNA or R... a special scanner. By interrogating thousands of genes at once, scientists can quickly pinpoint genes affected by drugs being tested to treat heart disease...

A puzzle piece found in unraveling the wiring of the brain

...of contacts when there are fewer than 30,000 human genes is still a scientific mystery. A team headed by Drs. Robin Hiesinger and Hugo J. Bellen at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston have unraveled a piece of that puzzle by finding a gene that plays a key role in brain wiring. A report on their work ap...

New tumor-suppressor gene discovered

...d animals, and Lai's lab identified defective mats genes in a human skin-cancer tumor and in a mouse breast... basis of our research, we speculate that all mats genes in animals and plants may regulate cell number and tissue growth by restricting the proliferation of...

Biomarkers isolated from saliva successfully predict oral and breast cancer

...cell for protein manufacture. The process by which genes are copied to mRNA, via an enzyme called RNA polymerase, is called transcription and the products are called transcripts. The UCLA team collected saliva and blood from 32 patients with primary oral squamous cell carcinoma and 40 breast cancer patien...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...ic transcripts known as messenger RNA (mRNA). All genes expressed in the human body must be transcribed as...e last several decades, however, is that while our genes contribute to human health and disease, it is not always the genes themselves that matter, but rathe...

Novel gene-silencing nanoparticles shown to inhibit Ewing's sarcoma

...by the potential of siRNA to block the activity of genes that promote the growth of tumors. Harnessing the power of this new technology, however, has proved daunting for a variety of reasons, including the ability to deliver these bits of genetic material in high concentrations to specific tumor sites, whi...

Protein helps regulate the genes of embryonic stem cells

... how a protein may be crucial to the regulation of genes in embryonic stem cells. The protein, called "eed,...a molecular scaffold supporting the roughly 35,000 genes in the nucleus of every human cell. Histone modifications affect gene activity and include methylati...

Chromosome Deletion Predicts Aggressive Neuroblastoma

When genes are deleted on a particular section of chromosome ...ttiyeh. It is unknown what causes the deletion of genes on chromosome 11, at a location designated chromosome 11q23. However, the loss of material at that s...

Maine Researchers Find Exceptions to Old Rules of Genetic Inheritance

...o settle a long-standing debate in genetics. Some genes are seemingly inseparable in nature; they form a haplotype-a set of genes inherited as a unit. Some researchers support the notion that mapping haplotypes may be more signifi...

New World founders small in number

...ndividuals (those individuals likely to contribute genes to the next generation). Hey's approach addresses...stic nature of gene evolution means that different genes have different histories. Hey analyzed DNA sequences from nine loci, so that the population genetic ...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...ns and DNA and RNA recognize one another to switch genes on and off in cells. Her laboratory has worked on telomeres and telomerase for more than a decade. A member of UCLA's faculty since 1985, Feigon was the first UCLA scientist to use NMR to determine DNA and RNA structures. ...

NYU and MSKCC research provides model for understanding chemically induced cancer initiation

...a carcinogen-damaged DNA site--in tumor suppressor genes altered by a known cancer-causing chemical found i...ror-free processing of such carcinogen-damaged p53 genes by DNA repair proteins and DNA and RNA polymerases can determine whether these lesions ultimately co...

Scientists discover that three overlapping signals in embryo help get the backbone right

...ts that can be used to explore the role of various genes in development. Using standard knock-out techniques, their team inactivated the function of these BMP antagonists in various combinations, finding the most dramatic effect by simultaneously knocking out noggin, follistatin, and chordin. Harland not...

NIAID begins clinical trial of West Nile virus vaccine

... piece of DNA--called a DNA plasmid--that contains genes that code for two key surface proteins of the West.... Called chimeric vaccines, these vaccines combine genes of the West Nile virus with genes of a closely related virus--yellow fever virus in the case of a va...

Advancements In Genomics Foster Deep Sea Discoveries

...n, including the application of deep sea bacterial genes for improving human nutrition and degrading pollut...ransduction event that activates the expression of genes that help the cells to adapt to the increased pressure,?said Bartlett. The scientists found other ta...

One gene links newborn neurons with those that die in diseases such as Alzheimer's

... not replaced in adult life? Or, in terms of which genes are "turned on," are they marked as transient? No...oarray created in the lab to find out which of the genes in the cells were turned on. This technique allowed them to identify which genes were active, or exp...

Study reveals dramatic difference between breast cancers in US and Africa

...e pattern of gene expression -- a measure of which genes were turned on and active -- in breast cancer tissue from 378 women in Nigeria and Senegal. They compared the results with a database of breast cancer tissue from 930 Canadian women compiled by Charles Perou and colleagues in North Carolina and Briti...

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